关于南沙海域内波与细结构研究国家“八五”重点攻关项目

关于南沙海域内波与细结构研究国家“八五”重点攻关项目

(859270503)，国家自然科学基金课题(49376257，49676275)和高校博士学科点专项科研基

金课题(9542309，98042306)资助

收稿日期：19990506;修订日期：19990625

方欣华，男，1938年5月出生，教授，博导。

方欣华吴巍仇德忠

(青岛海洋大学，青岛，266003) (中国科学院南海海洋研究所，广州，510301)

摘要 作者综述了南沙海域内波及细结构研究现状。首先介绍研究中所用的国际

或国内首次使用的一些研究方法，它们包括最基础的CTD资料质量控制的方法，浮力频率计

算方法、频散关系和波函数计算方法，细结构概率分布假设检验方法，内波检测方法，内潮

计算的谱差分方法等。而后总结所得的研究成果(其中一部分是首次发表的)，它们包括南

沙海区浮力频率的分类及其随地域和季节的变化规律；内波频散关系和波函数；细结构特性

及其与内波的关系；细结构的非高斯概率分布特性；垂向波数谱特性及其随季节、地域及水

层的变化；频率特性；Cox数及其概率分布；内潮特性等。最后对今后研究方向作了展望。

关键词内波；细结构；内潮；南海；南沙群岛

中图法分类号 P7312；③675

On Internal Waves and Finestructure in the

Regions Surrounding the Nansha Islands

Fang Xinhua Wu Wei

(Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao,266003)

Qiu Dezhong

(South China Sea Institute of Oceanography,

The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou,510301)

Abstract Studies on internal waves and finestructure in the region

s surrounding the Nansha Islands are reviewed. At first, some special and new re

search methods developed for the research program are summarized. They are the m

ethods for CTD data quality control, for calculating the buoyancy frequency, dis

persion relations and wave functions, for testing the probability distribution o

f finestructure and for detecting internal waves, the spectral method for numeri

cal study of internal tides and so on. Then, the results (some of them are first

published) of the studies are introduced. They are the classification of the bu

oyancy frequency profiles, their geographic and seasonal variations, interna

l wave dispersion relations and wave functions, the properties of finestructure

and its relation with internal waves, the nonGaussian probability distribution

of finestructure, the properties of vertical wavenumber spectra and their varia

tions with seasons, locations and water layers, the frequency properties, Coxn

umbers and their probability distributions, some properties of internal tides an

d so on. Finally, some further work is suggested.

Key words internal waves; finestructure; internal tides; the Sout

h China Sea; the Nansha Islands

海岸气象学的研究进展

国家“九五”重点科技攻关专题(969220303)及山东省自然科

学基金课题(Y97e03080)资助

收稿日期：19990123；修订日期：19990425

吴增茂，男，1940年11月出生，教授，博导。

吴增茂盛立芳

(青岛海洋大学物理海洋研究所，青岛，266003)

摘要 海岸气象学是研究发生在海岸带区域，在陆气海耦合作用下的大气过

程与现象的新生分支学科。作者根据海岸大气过程的动力、热气特征，产生机理以及国内外

近年来的研究发展，从四方面：①边界层过程与海气相互作用②热力驱动环流③地形强迫

作用④大尺度天气过程与海岸环境相互作用，对海岸气象学的研究与发展进行了简要的评述

和讨论。

关键词海岸带；海岸气象学；陆气海耦合作用；非地转动力学

中图法分类号 P72；P732

Research Advances on Coastal Meteorology

Wu Zengmao Sheng Lifang

(Institute of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of Qi

ngdao, Qingdao, 266003)

Abstract Coastal meteorology is a newly developed subject branc

h, in which researched are the atmospheric processes and phenomena happened in c

oastal areas under the seaairland coupling effects. Based on the thermal and

dynamic characteristics of atmospheric processes happened in coastal area and t

heir outgrowth mechanisms, and according to the research work and developm

ents at home and abroad in recent years, the research advances in coastal meteor

ology are briefly described and discussed in this paper from four aspects: ①the

processes in boundary layer and airsea interactions, ②thermaldriven circul

ations, ③the effects of topographic forcing and ④the interaction between synop

tic scale processes and coastal environment.

Key words coastal zone; coastal meteorology; seaairland coupl

ing effects; ageostrophic dynamics

热带太平洋海平面高度季节内振荡的空间分布特征

国家自然科学基金课题(49776286)资助

收稿日期：19980824；修订日期：19990726

刘秦玉，女，1946年3月出生，教授，博导。

刘秦玉王启

(青岛海洋大学海洋环境学院，青岛，266003)

摘要 根据三年卫星高度计(TOPEX/POSEIDON)资料和涡分辨率的海洋环流(POP)

模式模拟计算的海平面高度资料，利用功率谱和最大熵谱的方法，揭示了热带太平洋海平面

高度季节内振荡的空间分布特征。研究表明：准30d周期的振荡集中出现在东太平洋(160°W

以东)赤道两侧，分别以5°S和5°N为中心的纬向带状域中；准90d振荡出现在分别以20°S

和20°N为中心的南北二个纬向带状域中，北太平洋西部振荡最明显；准60d振荡集中出现在

分别以10°N和10°S为中心的带状海域中，北太平洋比南太平洋更明显，但比准90d振荡信

号弱；从TOPEX资料分析还发现在赤道中太平洋(5°N~5°S,170°W~120°W)，准60d振荡也

较明显。

关键词热带太平洋；海平面高度；季节内振荡；空间分布

中图法分类号 P7①

Spatial Distribution of the Sea Surface Height

Intraseasonal Oscillation in the Tropical Pacific

Liu Qinyu Wang Qi

(Institute of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of Qi

ngdao, Qingdao, 266003)

Abstract Based on the Sea Surface Height (SSH) data from TOPEX/

POSEIDON mission data and eddyresolving global ocean model POP output data dur

ing 3 years, the power spectrum and the maximum entropy methods are used in the

analysis. The results reveal that, the quasi-30 day oscillation appears on both

sides of the equator of the East Pacific (the east of 160°W) and in the zonal z

ones centering on 5°N and 5°S respectively; the quasi90 and quasi60 oscill

ations appear in the offequator region of the west and middle of the tropical

Pacific (120°E~150°W), and the quasi90 oscillations appear in both zonal zon

es, which center on 20°N and 20°S respectively and the oscillation is distinct

in the west Pacific; quasi60 oscillations appear in the offequator regions,

which center on 10°N and 10°S respectively, and are more distinct in the Nort

h than the South. From the TOPEX/POSEIDON data, the quasi-60 oscillations appear

in the middle equatoral Pacific(5°N~5°S,170°W~120°W).

Key words tropical Pacific; sea surface height; intraseasonal osc

illation; spatial distribution

自适应网格应用于黄海潮流模拟

国家自然科学基金重点项目(49736190)资助

收稿日期：19990405；修订日期：19990618

王辉，女，1970年9月出生，博士生。

王辉孙文心

(青岛海洋大学物理海洋研究所，青岛，266003)

摘要 首次将自适应网格运用在黄海，根据黄海的特点首先设计了象平面的网格

分布图，并利用自适应网格能同时兼顾网格的光滑性、正交性以及疏密程度的特点得到了物

理平面中的网格分布图，并运用坐标变换下的三维模式模拟研究了黄海的潮汐变化。分别给

出K1,O1,S2,M2四大分潮的同潮时线和等振幅线，并且也计算得出它们的深度平均

的潮流椭圆分布图和它们各自的底层、50m层、30m层、20m层、10m层、表层的潮流椭圆分布

图。可以看出模拟结果基本上与前人结果相一致，表明此模式在黄海的适用性。

关键词微分坐标变换；自适应网格；黄海；潮汐；正压模型

中图法分类号 P731.2

the Application of Self-Adaptive Mesh in the Yellow Sea

—3D Tropical Model

Wang Hui Sun Wenxin

(Institute of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of Qi

ngdao, Qingdao, 266003)

Abstract We make use of selfadaptive mesh in the Yellow Sea f

or the first time. We design the calculated area in the Yellow Sea. Then we get

the real plane by way of self-adaptive zoning. We simulated the tidal current in

the Yellow Sea with a 3-D model. We calculate the distribution of Coamplitude

and Cophase lag lines of K1, O1,S2 and M2 constituents and their elli

ptical axis of tidal current for each layer and average depth. The results are s

imilar with other authors, which can show the applicability of the model in the

Yellow Sea.

Key words differential coordinate transformation; selfadaptive

mesh; Yellow Sea; tidal current; tropical model

城市大气边界层分析中的相似理论应用研究

库尔勒100*104t/a炼油厂EIA项目资助

收稿日期：19981231；修订日期：19990722

刘烽，男，1962年12月出生，副教授。

** 现在国家海洋局北海分局工作

刘烽杜凌**

(青岛海洋大学海洋气象系，青岛，266003)

摘要 以MoninObukov相似理论为依据，利用拟合方法和迭代法计算非均匀下

垫面近地层湍流特征参数。通过对新疆库尔勒市郊相对平坦地形上的系留探空资料计算分析

说明，两种计算方法所得的湍流特征参数相差较大；如何考虑外部参数z0对确定非均

一下垫面湍流特征参数非常重要。研究结果认为，300m以下用乘幂律风廓线描述风速随高度

分布是比较合适的。

关键词相似理论；近地层；风廓线；湍流通量；大气边界层(ABL)

中图法分类号 P43

Application Study of Surface Layer

Similarity Theory in ABL of Urban Area

Liu Feng Du Ling

(Department of Marine Meteorology, Ocean University of Qing

dao, Qingdao, 266003)

Abstract Based on the MoninObukov Similarity Theory, the pape

r discusses the efects of nonhomogenized surfaces on the scaling parameters of

turbulent fluxes according to two kinds of methods in which the considerations

of z0 are different. The results from Tethersonde system observations in Kule

r show that the two methods lead to significant diversity for the same data, and

a proper method to involve z0 is essential for determining the parameters ove

r nonhomogeneous surfaces. A PowerLaw wind profile shows good agreement with

observations from the ground to a height of 300m.

Key words surface layer; turbulent flux; windprofile; similarit

y theory; ABL

研究简报

一种白浪覆盖率与风要素关系模式

国家自然科学基金课题(49676277)资助

收稿日期：19981008；修订日期：19990316

郑桂珍，女，1965年11月出生，硕士生。

郑桂珍刘学海徐德伦

(青岛海洋大学物理海洋实验室，青岛，266003)

摘要 采用Glazman提出的“微尺度平均”的方法，在合理选择平均尺度的基础

上计算了JONSWAP谱的四阶矩，并将此结果与Snyder提出的白浪覆盖率模式结合，从而建立

起依赖于风速和风区两者的半经验、半理论的白浪覆盖率与风要素关系模式。此模式给出的

结果与Monahan等汇集的海洋白浪覆盖率测量数据总体符合良好。

关键词白浪覆盖率；海浪谱四阶矩；风速；风区

中图法分类号 P731.2

A Model of Whitecap Coverage Relatedto Wind Speed and Fetch

Zheng Guizhen Liu Xuehai Xu Delun

(Laboratory of Physical Oceanography,Ocean University of Q

ingdao,Qingdao,266003)

Abstract The analytical formulae for whitecap coverage previous

ly derived on the basis of Gaussian statistics remain largely unemployed because

they are expressed via the fourth spectral moment which can not be evaluated fo

r those spectra with the Phillips saturation range because of the divergence of

the corresponding integrals. In this paper, the fourth spectral moment is calcul

ated through the filtering technique suggested by Glazman but with a more approp

riate averaging scale. Consequently, the whitecap coverage is related to wind sp

eed and fetch. Finally several numerical results are presented and compared with

field observations.

Key words whitecap coverage; the fourth spectral moment; wind spe

ed; wind fetch

综述

城市空气质量数值预报的不确定性与可预报性
国家自然科学基金(497901004)及山东省自然科学基金(Y97e03080)资助

收稿日期：19990122;修订日期：19990721

盛立芳，女，1966年10月出生，讲师，博士生。

盛立芳吴增茂秦曾灏

(青岛海洋大学物理海洋研究所，青岛，266003)

摘要 主要综述了数据误差、随机误差和模式物理误差所造成的城市空气质量数

值预报的不确定性，简要介绍分析预报不确定性的统计方法。并对由内在随机性和外在误差

引起的可预报性问题进行了分析讨论。

关键词空气质量预报；不确定性；可预报性；资料误差；模式误差

；随机误差

中图法分类号 X831； X16

Uncertainty and Predictability in City Air

Quality Numerical Prediction

Sheng Lifang Wu Zengmao Qin Zenghao

(Physical Oceanography Institute of Ocean University of Qi

ngdao, Qingdao,266003)

Abstract The Uncertainties in city air quality numerical predictio

ns induced by data error, model uncertainty and stochastic error are mainly desc

ribed in this paper. The statistic methods used for analyzing the uncertainties

and the predictability caused by inner stochastic and outer errors are also brie

fly introduced.

Key words city air quality prediction; uncertainty; predictabili

ty; data error; model uncertainty; stochastic error

两种珍稀鱼类的形态学和生态学的补充研究

农业部渔基金项目(95B96010101)资助

收稿日期：19990125；修订日期：19990722

武云飞，男，1938年9月出生，教授，博导。

武云飞门强康斌

(青岛海洋大学，青岛，266003)

摘要 通过形态学比较研究和饲养生态学的观察，作者补充了细刺鱼牙齿结构特

征和条石鲷的体色、鳍色的形态学特点，探讨了这两种鱼类的生态习性和1998年在青岛海域

出现的原因。进行2~3个月的饲养实验后，得到细刺鱼月均增长量为10.3%，条石鲷为14.6%

而明显高于同池饲养六线鱼的结果。鉴于两种鱼类彩色艳丽、游姿优美，具观赏价值，为此

建议可将这两种鱼作为海水养殖或观赏鱼类的实验对象。

关键词珍稀鱼类；细刺鱼；条石鲷；形态学；生态学

中图法分类号 Q959.1/.8+⑦04

A Supplementary Study on the Morphology and Ecology of

Two Species of Rare Fish from Qingdao

Wu Yunfei Men Qiang Kang Bin

(Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)

Abstract By the studies on the morphological comparsion and the

observations of aquacultural ecology in detail, the authors supplement the teet

h structure characters of Microcanthus strigatus and the morphological chara

cters of body colour and fin colour of Oplegnathus fasciatus. Extensive inve

stigations have been made of the ecological habit of these two species and the r

eason for their emergence in the Qingdao area in 1998. After rearing of two to t

hree months, the average monthly growth rate of Microcanthus strigathus and

Oplegnathus fasciatus is 10.3% and 14.6% respectively, notably higher than t

hat of fishes belonging to the Hexagrammos genus in the same pond. Because of th

eir beautiful colours and elegant swimming posture, they are very popular. There

fore we suggest that they should be made experimental species in marine aquacult

ure.

Key words rare fish; Microcanthus strigatus; Oplegnathus fascia

tus; Morphology; Ecology

研究简报

贻贝在不同贮藏温度下磷脂含量变化初步研究

山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金资助

收稿日期：19990408；修订日期：19990719

林洪，男，1962年2月出生，博士，副教授。

林洪李兰生薛长湖蔡跃飘王海英徐亦项吕青

(青岛海洋大学，青岛，266003)

摘要 对贮藏在20℃、5℃、-10℃和-18℃温度下的鲜活紫贻贝做了磷脂总量变

化的研究，运用高压液相和比色法检测了贻贝在不同贮藏温度和时间下的磷脂组分及其含量

。发现在-18℃贮藏20d，磷脂总量损失了24.64%，而在20℃放置1d，就损失21.84%。说明磷

脂酶活性受温度的影响很大。

关键词贻贝；贮藏；磷脂

中图法分类号 S969.3; S379

Changes in Phospholipids of Mussel during Storageat Different Temperatu

res

Lin Hong Li Lansheng Xue Changhu Cai Yuepiao Wang HaiyingXu Y

ixiang Lü Qing

(Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)

Abstract The contents of phospholipids in mussel during storage

at 20℃, 5℃, -10℃ and -18℃ were studied with the methods of HPLC (High Press

Liquid Chromatography) and Spectrophotometric. It was found that the phospholip

ids of mussel kept at -18℃ lost 24.64% during 20 days, while lost 21.84% kept a

t 20℃ only 1 day. The results show that the activities of phospholipase are aff

ected by the storage temperature significantly, so it is better to keep mussel u

nder a lower storage temperature.

Key words mussel; storage; phospholipids

研究简报

栉孔扇贝精子形成中的核变化与顶体形成国家攀登计划B项

目子专题(PDB631)部分内容

收稿日期：19981211; 修订日期：19990721

任素莲，女，1964年10月出生，硕士，讲师。

任素莲王德秀绳秀珍王如才张筱兰

(青岛海洋大学水产学院，青岛，266003)

摘要透射电镜下观察了栉孔扇贝精子形成过程中的核变化与顶体形成。在次级

精母细胞时期，胞质内出现致密的前顶体颗粒；精子形成早期，前顶体颗粒融合、增大后逐

渐成为前顶体；最后，前顶体覆盖在细胞核的前端形成锥状的顶体，与此同时，细胞核发生

致密，体积逐渐缩小，由圆球形变成长柱状的精子核。

关键词栉孔扇贝；精子形成；核变化；顶体形成

中图法分类号 Q95443；O2①*

Nuclear Change and Acrosomal Formation onSpe

rmiogensis of Chlamys Farreri

Ren Sulian Wang Dexiu Sheng Xiuzhen Wang Rucai Zhang Xiaolan

(Fishery College, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao,266

003)

Abstract Nuclear change and acrosomal formation were studied on sp

ermatogensis of chlamys farreri by transmission electronic microscope. At th

e stage of secondary spermatocyte, electrondensed proacrosomal granules were f

ound in the cell. At the early stage of metamorphosis, the proacrosomal granules

fuse together and form a bigger proacrosome, which covers around the nuclear he

ad like a cap and forms cornshaped acrosome finally. At the same time the nucl

ear condenses, its size reduces gradually and changes into a longcolumnition s

hape.

Key words Chlamys farreri; spermatogensis; nuclear change; ac

rosomal formation

甘糖酯对大鼠尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物

(uPA)mRNA水平的影响国家“九五”攻关项目(96C020201)资

助收稿日期：19981019; 修订日期：19990703

马洪明，男，1970年8月出生，硕士，讲师。

马洪明姚子昂姜招峰管华诗

(青岛海洋大学海洋药物与食品研究所，青岛 266003)

摘要从分子水平上探讨海洋新药甘糖酯的抗栓作用机理。实验以大鼠为材料，

采用定量RTPCR方法定量检测口服甘糖酯后大鼠尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物(uPA)基因mRNA水

平变化。研究表明大鼠口服甘糖酯后uPA基因mRNA水平高于对照组，差异显著。结论认为甘

糖酯可提高体内uPA基因的mRNA水平，从而提高uPA蛋白的活性，激活机体的纤溶系统，达到

抗栓作用。

关键词甘糖酯；大鼠；尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物(uPA)；反转录PCR(R

TPCR)

中图法分类号 R965； Q53

The Effect of Propylene Glyco Mannate Sulfate(

PGMS)on Rat uPA Gene mRNA Level

Ma Hongming Yao Zi'ang Jiang Zhaofeng Guan Huashi

(Institute of Marine Drugs and Foods, Ocean University of

Qingdao, Qingdao,266003)

Abstract Purpose: To understand the pharmacological mechanism of P

ropylene glyco mannate sulfacte (PGMS), which is known as an anticlot marine d

rug. Method: Rats were used as material, and quantitative RTPCR was employed t

o assay the rat mRNA level of urokinase Plasminogen Activator (uPA) gene. Result

: The mRNA levels of the experimental group were remarkably higher than those of

the control. Conclusion: PGMS can rise the mRNA level of uPA gene, which in tur

n rises the uPA activity in the blood. That leads to the activation of fibrinoly

sis process.

Key words Propylene glyco mannate sulfate (PGMS); Rat; urokinase

Plasminogen Activator (uPA); RTPCR

研究报告

中国对虾血淋巴抗菌活力的测定国家自然科学基金课题(39870110)

和教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金项目资助

李春猛收稿日期：19990118；修订日期：19990

611

李春猛，男，1974年10月出生，硕士生。战文斌马生

生周丽俞开康

(青岛海洋大学教育部水产养殖重点实验室，青岛，266003)

摘要采用溶藻胶弧菌(Vibrio alginolyticus)、副溶血弧菌(V. parahaemol

yticus)、哈维氏弧菌(V.harveyi)、嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)对中国对虾(Pen

aeus chinensis)血浆样品、血细胞溶解物(HLS)样品的抗菌活力进行了测定。表明中国对

虾血浆样品对四种细菌均表现出一定的抗菌活力。其中，三种弧菌活细胞数在孵育1h时呈现

最低；嗜水气单胞菌活细胞数在孵育4h时最少。在三种弧菌中，血浆样品对哈维氏弧菌表现

出的抗菌活力最强，而对副溶血弧菌表现出的抗菌活力最弱。血细胞溶解物样品对三种弧菌

几乎没有表现出抗菌活力；嗜水气单胞菌在与血细胞溶解物样品孵育2h时，其活细胞数呈现

最低，说明血细胞溶解物样品对该菌表现出了一定的抗菌活力。由此显示，抗菌活力在中国

对虾血浆样品中表现得较强，而在血细胞溶解物样品中表现得较弱，血淋巴抗菌因子可以在

短时间内对细菌表现出其最强的活力，但对不同种细菌其抗菌作用强弱不同。

关键词中国对虾；抗菌活力；血浆；血细胞溶解物

中图法分类号 S9692； R371+2

Antibacterial Activity in the Haemolymph of the

Shrimp, Penaeus chinensis

Li Chunmeng Zhan Wenbin Ma Sheng Zhou Li Yu Kaikang

(Aquaculture Research Laboratory, Ocean University of Qin

gdao, Qingdao,266003)

Abstract The antibacterial activities in the haemolymph of the shr

imp, Penaeus chinensis against three Vibrio species and Aeromonas hydr

ophila were measured. The haemolymph of the shrimp was divided into plasma and

haemocyte by centrifugation, and the antibacterial activities of the two parts

were recorded as a survival index of bacterium respectively. The survival indexe

s of the three Vibrio species were lowest an hour after incubating with plas

ma sample, while the survival index of Aeromonas hydrophila slowly decreased

during the incubation period of four hours. It was found that the plasma sample

contains higher antibacterial activity against Vibrio harveryi than against

the three other bacteria. The antibacterial activity against the four bacteria

was undetected or quite low in the haemocyte lysate supernatant (HLS) sample. It

strongly indicates that the antibacterial activity in the plasma sample is high

er than that in the HLS sample.

Key words Penaeus chinensis; antibacterial activity; plasma;

HLS

研究报告

东海产长木叶鲽的年龄与生长

国家自然科学基金(39770584)资助

本研究系在日本攻读研究生期间在多部田修教授指导下完成的，全文修改完成于青岛海洋

大学。

收稿日期：19990426；修订日期：19990726

王艳君，女，1973年3月出生，硕士。

王艳君1 多部田修2 任一平1

(１青岛海洋大学水产学院，青岛，266003)（2 日本长崎大学水产学部，

长崎）

摘要 研究了东海产长木叶鲽的年龄与生长等生物学特性。样品取自1996年4月~

1998年11月，日本以西底拖网渔业在长崎鱼市场上岸的渔获物共2 584尾。采用耳石进行年

龄鉴定。体长与耳石径的关系，雌雄间有显著性差异。耳石上轮纹每年1~3月份形成一次。

周龄的推定体长，5+龄以上，雌性偏大。

关键词长木叶鲽；年龄；生长；东海

中图法分类号 Q959.46; Q178.53

Age and Growth of the Finspotted Flounder Pleuronichthys

Sp.in the East China Sea

Wang Yanjun1 Tabeta Osame2 Ren Yiping1

(Fisheries College, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 2

66003)(Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University, Japan

)

Abstract We examined 2 584 specimens of the finspotted flounder

(Pleuronichthys Sp.) caught by ground trawl in the East China Sea and lande

d at Nagasaki Fish Market from April 1996 to November 1998, and obtained informa

tion about its age and growth. Ages were determined by otolith readings. The rel

ationship of body length to otolith radius was significantly different in males

and females. The rings on the otolith formed once a year. From the monthly chang

es of GSI, spawning is estimated to occur once a year.

Key words finspotted flounder (Pleuronichthys Sp.); age; grow

th; East China Sea

Genetic Variation Among Hemigrapsus sanguineus

H. penicillatus, and Gaetice depressus

(Brachyura:Grapsidae)Supported by the National Natural Scie

vce Foundation of China (No 39970578)

Received: 19990614; Revised: 19990802

Zhang Xiumei(张秀梅)1 Gao Tia

nxiang(高天翔)1 Watanabe Seiichi

(渡边精一)2

(1 Fishery College, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)

(2 Tokyo University of Fisheries, Tokyo, 1088477 Japan)

Abstract Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis was used to i

nvestigate the genetic variation among Hemigrapsus sanguineus, H.penicillatus,

and Gaetice depressus. Sixteen putative enzymecoding loci were examined

. The proportions of polymorphic loci were 0.188, 0.063 and 0.063 respectively;

and the average heterozygosities were 0.009, 0.001 and 0.044 respectively. Nei'

s genetic distances were 1.080 between Hemigrapsus sanguineus and H.penici

llatus, 1.717 between Hemigrapsus sanguineus and Gaetice depressus, an

d 1.707 between H.penicillatus and Gaetice depressus.

Key words genetic variation; Hemigrapsus sanguineus; H.

penicillatus; Gaetice depressus

肉球近方蟹，绒螯近方蟹及平背蜞间的遗传变异

张秀梅，女，1964年12月出生，博士，教授。

张秀梅高天翔渡边精一

(青岛海洋大学水产学院，青岛 266003) (日本东京水产大学水生生物

系，日本东京，1088477)

摘要 利用水平淀粉凝胶电泳方法对方蟹科肉球近方蟹，绒螯近

方蟹及平背蜞进行遗传分析，计检测了11种同工酶，16个位点。结果表明，三种蟹类的多态

座位比例分别为：0.188,0.063,0.063;平均杂合度分别为:0.009,0.001,0.044。肉球近方蟹

、绒螯近方蟹间的根井遗传距离为1.080。平背蜞与肉球近方蟹、绒螯近方蟹的根井遗传距

离分别为1.717和1.707。

关键词遗传变异；肉球近方蟹；绒螯近方蟹；平背蜞

中图法分类号 Q343+5;Q178.53

西太平洋狗母鱼科鱼类种类多样性的研究

国家自然科学基金重点课题(3963260)
资助收稿日期：19990430；修订日期：19990730

焦燕，女，1972年4月出生，博士生。

焦燕陈大刚任一平

(青岛海洋大学水产学院，青岛，266003)

摘要 整理记述了西太平洋狗母鱼科 Saurida、Synodus、Trachinocepha

lus 三属鱼类，给出了属以及主要种类的检索表，并报告了各个种的地理分布区。在

此基础上，讨论了西太平洋狗母鱼科鱼类生物多样性特征、动物地理学特点及部分名称订正

和资源与渔业上的意义。

关键词西太平洋；狗母鱼科；生物多样性；地理分布

中图法分类号 T74

Fish Species Diversity of Lizardfishes (Synodontidae)

in the Western Pacific

Jiao Yan Chen Dagang Ren Yiping

(Fishery College, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)

Abstract This paper presents the species of lizardfishes (Synod

ontidae) in the Western Pacific, which belong to the genera of Saurida, Sy

nodus and Trachinocephalus. It lists the genera, main species and their re

trieve tables, reports the distribution of each species, and discusses the biodi

versity characteristics and zoogeographical points of lizardfishes in the Wester

n Pacific. The data show that the fauna of IndiaPacific and that along Latin

America have a long distance in the clustering figure, which implies that the sp

ecies in these two faunas might have developed separately from ancient times. Th

is paper also corrects some species' nomination.

Key words Western Pacific; Synodontidae; biodiversity; distribu

tion

大鼠口服古糖酯后尿液中糖胺聚糖的变化及其对一水草酸钙晶体抑制活性的影响

荷兰肾病协会C921235课题资助，实验部分完成于荷兰Erasmus Un

iversity Rotterdam

收稿日期：19990510；修订日期：19990728

邓岗，男，1965年4月出生，硕士，讲师。

邓岗耿美玉管华诗

(青岛海洋大学海洋药物与食品研究所，青岛，266003)

曹履诚

(Department of Urology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands)

摘要 通过对尿液总糖胺聚糖的含量测定，尿液原型古糖酯的检测以及尿液对一

水草酸钙晶体生长和聚集抑制率的变化，研究大鼠一次性口服古糖酯(200mg/kg)后，三天内

尿液糖胺聚糖的变化，以及尿液对一水草酸钙晶体生长和聚集抑制率的变化。结果表明，大

鼠口服古糖酯后，尿总糖胺聚糖含量在第一天和第二天显著升高，第三天恢复到原有水平。

与之对应，尿原型古糖酯在第一、二天可以测到，第三天消失，尿液对一水草酸钙晶体聚集

抑制活性显著增强，但对晶体的生长抑制没有显著增强作用。该实验部分提供了古糖酯的代

谢结果，并为古糖酯作为尿路结石抑制剂提供了有力的实验证据。

关键词古糖酯；糖胺聚糖；抑制活性；原型古糖酯

中图法分类号 Q178.53; R371.6; R915

The Alteration of Urinary Glycosaminoglcyans

and Urinary Inhibitory Activity to Calcium Oxalate

Monohydrate after PGSS Oral Administration

Deng Gang Geng Meiyu Cao LC① Guan Huashi

(Institute of Marine Drugs and Foods, Ocean University of Qingd

ao, Qingdao, 266003)

(1 Department of Urology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands)

Abstract To study whether unchanged Propyleneglucol Guluronate

Sodium Sulfate (PGSS) presents in urine after oral administration, together with

alteration of the total urinary glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and inhibitory activi

ties of urine on growth and agglomeration to calcium oxalate monohydrate (CO

M)， Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were administrated orally with 200mg/kg PGSS, 24h

urines were collected before ig and three successive days thereafter with metabo

lic cages. The results showed that total urinary GAGs significantly increased on

the first two days (p<0.01, p<0.05 respectively) after ig, with the peak value

on the first day. On the third day, the GAGs secretion came back to normality (p

>0.05). In consistent with total GAGs secretion, the unchanged PGSS was detectab

le on the first two days after ig, and absent on the third day. In terms of the

inhibitory activities, the inhibitory activity of agglomeration significantly en

hanced after ig of PGSS (p<0.05). But the enhance of inhibitory activity of grow

th was not found in this study (p>0.05).

So we conclude that the current results offer strong evidence of the metabolic

insight of PGSS after ig, and reveal that PGSS is a great promising compound for

urolithiasis prevention and treatment.

Key words Propyleneglucol Guluronate Sodium ulfate (PGSS); Glycos

aminoglycans (GAGs); inhibitory activity; urinary unchanged PGSS

低分子甲壳胺及其衍生物抑制不饱和脂肪酸的氧化作用

农业部九五重点科研项目(渔95B960805)资助

收稿日期：19990512；修订日期：19990722

王远红，女，1961年3月出生，工程师。

1 青岛海洋大学水产学院食品工程系98级本科毕业生。

王远红于广利林洪肖寅标1 程敏1

(青岛海洋大学，青岛，266003)

摘要 通过测定乳化鱼油中不饱和脂肪酸含量和化学发光强度，研究了在50℃乳

化鱼油中，低分子甲壳胺(LMCHS)和低分子羧甲基甲壳胺硫酸酯(CCS)对不饱和脂肪酸氧化的

保护作用。测定结果，第6d CCS对C22:5、C22：6氧化抑制率达96.03%、92.5

0%，在第20d LMCHS对不饱和脂肪酸C16:1、C18:1氧化抑制率为61.06%、60.09

%，对C18:3、C20:5和C22:6氧化抑制率分别为50.36%、47.57%、43

.70%。研究表明：LMCHS和CCS对不饱脂肪酸都具有很好的保护作用，效果优于维生素E。

关键词低分子甲壳胺；羧甲基甲壳胺硫酸酯；乳化鱼油；不饱和脂肪

酸；抗氧化

中图法分类号 Q178.53;R965

The Antioxidation Activity of Low Molecular Weight

Chitosan and Its Derivative to Unsaturated Fatty Acids

Wang Yuanhong Yu Guangli Lin Hong Xiao Yinbiao Cheng Min

(Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)

Abstract The antioxidation of LMCHS and CCS to UFA in emusified

fish oil emusified at 50℃ is reported in this paper. The UFA content and Chemi

luminescence value are determined. The results are as follows. On the sixth day,

CCS has good protection to both LUFA and HUFA, the oxidation inhibitory rates t

o C20:5 and C22:6 are 96.03% and 92.50%, respectively; on the 20th d

ay, the oxidation inhibitory rates of LMCHS to C16:1 and C18:1 are 6

1.06% and 60.09%,respectively, and the LMCHS to HUFA C18:3, C20:5 an

d C22:6 are 50.36%, 47.57% and 43.70%, respectively, the antioxidation abi

lities of LMCHS and CCS are better than that of Vit.E.

Key words low molecular weight chitosan; SCM-chitosan; emusified

fish oil unsaturated fat acid; antioxidation

综述

紫菜的细胞遗传学研究现状及展望

教育部博士学科点专项科研基金(编号 98042303)资助

收稿日期：19990308;修订日期：19990720

戴继勋，男，1936年5月出生，教授，博导。

戴继勋沈颂东

(青岛海洋大学海洋生命学院，青岛，266003)

摘要 综述了紫菜属的染色体数目、形态、DNA含量和减数分裂的发生等

细胞遗传学研究的概况。70多种紫菜已有54种做了染色体计数，紫菜属染色体的一个显著特

征是染色体小。据调查，种内染色体数目不同，尚属计数误差。作者并对紫菜的单性生殖和

减数分裂提出了可能解决的途径。

关键词综述；紫菜属；染色体；减数分裂；细胞遗传学

中图法分类号 S9694； Q343

Present and Prospect of Cytogenetics Study on

Porphyra

Dai Jixun Shen Songdong

(College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of Qing

dao, Qingdao,266003)

Abstract The chromosome number and morphylogy, DNA content, and me

iosis of Porphyra (Rhodophyta) are reviewed in this paper. In 70 species of

this genus, about 54 species' chromosome numbers are reported. One of the promin

ent characteristics of Porphyra is their smallsize chromosomes. It is pres

ented that the chromosome number variation is not due to loss/obtain of the enti

re chromosome, but fusion/fission of chromosomes. The total DNA content keeps co

nsistent in Porphyra. In this paper, we also describe the three different vi

ewpoints about meiosis in the life history. With the application of new biotechn

ology, the cytogentics and the process of breeding of Porphyra will make goo

d progress.

Key words review; Porphyra; chromosome; meiosis; cytogenetics

海洋弧菌Z010产生几丁质酶的发酵条件研究

山东省科委项目第21号资助

收稿日期：19990115;修订日期：19990721

李智盈，女，1972年11月出生，硕士生。

李智盈1 韩宝芹1 贾志良2 戴继勋1

(青岛海洋大学 1海洋生命学院， 2水产学院，青岛 266003)

摘要 以海洋弧菌Z010菌株为对象，研究了其产生几丁质酶的发酵条件。研究表

明，其产酶的最佳发酵条件为：2216E液体培养基中含0.5%(w/v)的胶体几丁质，0.5%(w/v)

的蛋白胨，培养起始pH值为7.0, 25℃摇床200 r/min培养36h，几丁质酶产出最大。

关键词几丁质酶；发酵；弧菌

中图法分类号 Q93①

Study on Fermentation Conditions Involved in C

hitinaseProduction of Marine Vibro Strain Z010

Li Zhiying1 Han Baoqin1 Jia Zhiliang2 Dai Jixun１

(1 College of Marine Life Sciences, 2 College of Fishery,

Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao,266003)

Abstract Marine Vibro strain Z010 was selected to study its op

timum fermentation conditions of chitinase production. The results showed that w

hen incubated at 25℃ for 36 hours in the 2216E liquid medium containing 0.5%(

w/v) colloidal chitin and 0.5%(w/v) peptone, with initial pH7.0 and 200r/m

in shaking, the strain Z010 produced the highest amount of chitinase.

Key words chitinase; fermentation; Vibro

Review

Applications of the Transgenic Techniqueto Fish and Sh

rimpsReceived: 19981228; Revised: 19990525Dr. Zhi

yuan G

ong is a senior lecturer of the Department of Biological Sciences, the National

University of Singapore. He received his B. Sc. from the Ocean University of Qin

gdao in 1982 and Ph.D. from the Department of Biology, the McGill University in

1987. Dr. Zhiyuan Gong's research interest related to molecular developmental bi

ology, molecular biology and transgenic animals. He has published 41 papers.

Gong Zhiyuan(宫知远) Sudha P.M. Ju Bens

heng(巨本胜) Xu YanfeiHe Jiangyan Wang Hai Zeng Sheng Wan

Haiyan Wang Xunkun Yan Tie

(Department of Biological Sciences, National University of

Singapore, Singapore)

Abstract This paper described applications of the transgenic

technigue to fish and shrimps including background and benefits of transgenic a

nimals, basic procedure of transgenic process, current status of transgenic fish

for aquaculture, massive cloning of fish genes, rapid isolation of gene promoto

rs, transient transgenic assay to analyze promotor activity, potential of GFP tr

ansgenic fish used as ornamental fish, development of disease resistant transgen

ic fish and prospect of the transgenic technique in shrimps.

Key words transgenic genes; fish; shrimp; promotor

综述

转基因技术在鱼类及对虾中的应用C宫知

远博士

是新加坡国立大学生物系高级讲师，1982年获青岛海洋大学学士学位，1987年获加拿大麦克

基尔大学哲学博士学位。宫知远博士的研究领域涉及分子发育生物学，分子生物学及转基因

动物等，已发表论文41篇。

宫知远 Sudha P.M. 巨本胜徐燕飞贺江燕

王海曾盛万海燕王勋昆闫铁

(国立新加坡大学生物系，新加坡)

摘要作者对转基动物的出现背景及优点，转基因过程的基本程

序，转基因鱼研究的现状，鱼类基因的大量克隆，基因启动子的快速分离技术，分析启动子

活性的瞬时转基因测试，绿色荧光蛋白转基因鱼作为观赏鱼的潜力，转抗病基因的研究进展

，转基因技术在对虾中应用的展望，作了较全面的叙述。

关键词转基因；鱼；对虾；启动子

中图法分类号 Q178.53

高精度智能化切割系统的研制青岛市科学技术委员会资助课

题收稿日期：19990408; 修订日期：19990722

孙克怡，男，1949年1月出生，副教授。

孙克怡程凯

(青岛海洋大学物理系，青岛，266003)

摘要为汽车工业的生产急需研制集光、机、电于一体的新型切割设备，采用三

套光学传感器动态跟踪做变速运动的铜管运动情况，精确测定各组件运动速度及距离数据，

微型计算机据此数据实时控制切割刀架步进电机其瞬时运行，确保切割与送料两者保持一致

；从而实现铜管非匀速运动的动态切割长度误差小于±0.5mm。在保证精度的前提下，合理

设计软件，使切割最短铜管长度控制在300mm之内。已取得良好的效果和效益。

关键词切割系统；动态跟踪；长度误差

中图法分类号 TG48

青岛海洋大学学报1 9 9 9 年

综述

小波神经网络研究进展及展望国家自然科学基金课题(69675

005)资

助收稿日期：19980923；修订日期：19990511陈哲，男，1976年6月出生，

硕士生。

陈哲冯天瑾

(青岛海洋大学电子工程系，青岛，266003)

摘要关于小波分析与人工神经网络结合的研究，近些年来已成为信号处理学科

的热点之一，已有大量的研究成果见诸各种学术刊物和会议论文。小波变换具有良好的时频

局部性质，神经网络则具有自学习功能和良好的容错能力，小波神经网络(WNN)由于较好地

结合了两者的优点而具有强大的优势。作者较系统地综述了小波神经网络的研究进展，讨论

了小波神经网络的主要模型和算法，并就其存在的一些问题，应用与发展趋势进行了探讨。

关键词神经网络；小波分析；小波神经网络

中图法分类号 TP911.7

Research Developments and Prospects of

Wavelet Neural Networks

Chen Zhe Feng Tianjin

(Electrical Engineering Department, Ocean University of Qin

gdao, Qingdao, 266003)

Abstract Wavelet neural networks (WNN) have attracted much atte

ntion recently, and a considerable number of theory and application achievements

have appeared in various publications. Wavelet transform has the exceptiona

l property of temporalfrequency localization, whereas neural networks have exc

ellent characteristics of selflearning and faulttolerance. By combining thei

r good merits, WNN have shown more powerful competence. The advances and develop

ments of this field are reviewed in this paper. WNN, including its main models a

nd algorithms, are stressed particularly. Some concerns and applications about W

NN are also introduced. Finally we discuss the research trend and the prospects.

Key words neural networks; wavelet analysis; wavelet neural net

works (WNN)

伪近邻方法在ARMA系统阶数判别中的应用

收

稿日期：19990225；修订日期：19990721赵犁丰，男，1957年8月出生，副教授

。

赵犁丰陈彬王宁陆晓莉

(青岛海洋大学电子工程系，青岛，266003)

摘要从相空间重构的角度，提出利用伪近邻方法判别ARMA系统的总阶数。该方

法可在数据量较小和阈值固定的情况下判别ARMA系统总阶数。数值计算表明，使用该方法判

别线性ARMA系统总阶数，取得了比较满意的结果。

关键词伪近邻；相空间重构；系统辨识；ARMA系统；阶数判别

中图法分类号 TP11

Determining the Order of an ARMA System

by False Neighbor Method

Zhao Lifeng Chen Bin Wang Ning Lu Xiaoli

(Electrical Engineering Department, Ocean University of Qin

gdao,Qingdao,266003)

Abstract The false neighbor method, based on the reconstruction

of phase space, is used to determine the total order of a linear ARMA system un

der the condition of a set of comparably small amount of data and a fixed thresh

old. The numerical calculations show that using the false neighbor method to est

imate the total orders of linear ARMA systems produces satisfactory results.

Key words false neighbor; phase space reconstruction; system id

entification; ARMA system; order determination

油井参数声传输及井下发射控制胜利石油管理局资助项目

收稿日期：19990524; 修订日期：19990706

孙晓光，男，1952年9月出生，高工。

孙晓光刘广智冯遵城路德明

(青岛海洋大学信息科学与工程学院，青岛，266003)

李中玉龙洪彬马东升

(胜利石油管理局，东营，257000)

摘要介绍一种油井井下参数(压力、温度)无线测试的数据信息传输方法及井下

发射装置低功耗控制电路。在不停产的情况下，对井下参数进行长期监测，获得确切可信的

第一手资料以便对油井施行相应的增产措施。

关键词油井；声传输；无线测试；传感器；数字电路

中图法分类号 TE14

OilWell Parameter Acoustical Transmission an

dUnderpit Emision Control

Sun Xiaoguang Liu Guangzhi Feng Zuncheng Lu Deming

(College of Information Science and Engineering,

Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao,266003)

Li Zhongyu Long Hongbin Ma Dongsheng

(Shenli Oilfield Petroleum Administration, Dongying， 257000)

Abstract The paper introduces a data transmission method for wirel

ess testing of oilwell underpit parameters (pressure and temperature) and low po

wer consuming control circuits of underpit emission devices. Online underpit p

aramters can be constantly monitored, hence credible firsthand data can be o

btained, aganist which proper measures can be adopted to improve oil production.

Key words oilwell; sound transmission; wireless testing; sensor

; digital circuit

微机控制大功率脉冲电源

收稿日期：19990401;修订日期：19990629

史重光，男，1947年12月出生，讲师。

史重光

(青岛海洋大学信息工程中心，青岛 266003)

摘要介绍一种新型电化学用大功率脉冲电源的硬件原理及软件算法，它的特殊

优势在于其多闭环反馈控制可实现(大惰性负载情况下)垂直方波，实现恒流制的任意值限压

(包括负载突然断路瞬间输出电压限制到0)以及实现恒压制的任意值限流(包括负载突然短路

时瞬间实现恒流)。近期已成功应用在铝合金阳极氧化和镀铜等工业技术领域。

关键词大功率脉冲电源；恒流限压；恒压限流；铝氧化；金属电镀

中图法分类号 TP274.⑦;TM834

The Big Pulse Power Supply Controlled by

Single Chip Microcomputer

Shi Chongguang

(Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao,266003)

Abstract The circuit principle and soft algorithms of the new big

pulse power supply used in electrochemistry are presented. The special advantage

of the multifeedback circle used in the algorithms is its ability to drive th

e power supply creating orthogonal current waves, and to realize the definition

of the voltage at any point under constant current control (including defini

tion of the voltage to 0 when the load is suddenly opened), and to realize the d

efinition of the current at any point under constant voltage control (including

constant current when the load is suddenly shorted). It is successfully used in

Al Alloy Anodization.

Key words big pulse power suuply; constant current control and de

finition of the voltage; constant voltage control and definition of the current;

Alloy anodization; metal electroplating

Research on Internal Standard Element

Selection for Sequence Scanning ICPAES

with Gray Incidence AnalysisReceived: 19981125; Revised

: 19990825

Yu Jijin(余季金) Li Yue(李

悦)

(The Institute of Science and Technology, Qingdao Universi

ty, Qingdao, 266071, China)

Abstract In this paper, the combination of single channel se

quence scanning inductively coupled plasmaatomic emission spectrometry (SSIC

PAES) with gray incidence analysis of a Gray Model (GM) was demonstrated. On t

he basis of gray incidence analysis of atomic emission intensity, Ge 219.87 was

selected as an internal standard (INSTD). For major element Sn (62.49% (w/w)) in

GBW 07232, certified reference material of the People's Republic of China, the

analytical results were 62.24% and 60.93%, the relative errors were 0.9% and 2.5

%, and CV were 0.8% and 2.0% for the method with Ge 219.98 as INSTD and for

the method without INSTD respectively. The accuracy and precision of the results

for minor and trace elements in the reference material were also improved effec

tively by INSTD. Specific consideration for Ge in the internal standard selectio

n, the differences of characteristics between gray incidence analysis and correl

ation analysis of statistics were also discussed.

Key words gray incidence analysis; inductively coupled pl

asma; internal standard; gray model

单道扫描电感耦合等离子发射光谱的

内标元素选择的灰色关联分析再研究余季金，1945年10月出生，副

教授。

余季金李悦

(青岛大学理工学院，青岛，266071)

摘要应用动态灰色模型(GM)的灰色关联分析(GIA)为单道扫描(S

CS)电感偶合等离子发射光谱(ICPOES)选择内标(ISTD)。经发射强度序列的GIA计算和关联

度序列优化后，Ge 219.87被指定为内标。应用内标法和无内标法对中华人民共和国标样GB

07232的各元素的分析结果的相对百分误差范围分别为：0.8%~7.5%和2.5%~17.5%。变更系数

(CV)范围分别为：0.7%~2.9%和2.0%~5.8%。对内标选择与平均关联度的关系，Ge 219.87特

征的某些具体问题及统计相关分析与灰色关联分析在内标选择计算中的不可替代性问题，亦

进行讨论。

关键词灰色关联分析；ICPOES；内标；灰色模型

中图法分类号 O631.13

胶州湾内外海水中营养盐的分布国家自然科学基金课题(49876022)

资助收稿日期：19981008；修订日期：19990505任玲，女，1970年11月出生

，博士生。

任玲张曼平李铁祝陈坚杨军

(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)

摘要在综合调查的基础上，对1997年10月胶州湾的营养盐分布作了较详尽的分

析。湾内各营养盐硝酸氮、亚硝酸氮、氨氮、磷酸盐及硅酸盐的含量分别为2.73~14.71、0.

61~3.21、3.31~34.55、0.26~2.05、4.47~15.86μmol/L，其中表层含量低于底层，湾内明

显高于湾外，此次调查结果比往年略有提高。TIN/P在20~30之间，表层平均为26.3，底层平

均为25.4。并探讨营养盐分布的基本特征及影响因子，对胶州湾口的两个断面分析为研究胶

州湾内外水团交换作了较好的基础工作。

关键词营养盐；分布；胶州湾；海水

中图法分类号 P734.2+5

Distribution of Nutrients inside and outside Jiaozhou Bay

Ren Ling Zhang Manping Li Tie Zhu Chenjian Yang Jun

(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University

of Qingdao,Qingdao, 266003)

Abstract Detailed analyses on the horizontal and vertical distr

ibutions of nutrients in Jiaozhou Bay are presented in this paper, based on the

investigation in October 1997. The ranges of nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, phosphat

e and silicate are 2.73~14.71μmol L-1, 0.61~3.21μmol/L, 3.31~34.55μmol/

L, 0.26~2.05μmol/L and 4.47~15.86μmol/L, respectively. Nutrients contents

are lower in the surface water than those near the bottom, and those inside the

Bay are higher than outside. All nutrients show slightly higher contents compare

d to their former values. The TIN/P ratio ranges from 20 to 30 with a value of 2

6.3 in the surface and 25.4 at the bottom. Reasonable and detailed discussions a

re also made about the formation of this distribution and its influential factor

Key words nutrients; distribution; Jiaozhou Bay; seawater

过滤池和吸附床水头损失的实验研究

收稿日期：19990510；修订日期：19990721

王华，男，1966年5月出生，硕士，工程师。

王华王恕昌

(青岛海洋大学工业水回用研究所，青岛，266003)

摘要实验研究了过滤池和吸附床水头损失实验测量的原理、方法及其装置，并

比较了根据CarmanKozeny方程式计算的理论值与实测值的差异，结果表明理论值普遍小于

实测值，但误差范围在25%之内；随着填料颗粒的非均匀系数的增大，理论值与实测值的差

异有增大的趋势。实验证明，该方法可为实际工程设计提供较为准确的水头损失数据。

关键词过滤池；吸附床；水头损失；实验；填料

中图法分类号 X13;X505

Experimental Research on the Head Loss of the Fi

lterand the Adsorption Bed

Wang Hua Wang Shuchang

(The Industrial Wastewater Reuse Institute, Ocean University of Q

ingdao, Qingdao, 266003)

Abstract In this paper, the experimental principle

and method and the experimental device for measuring the head loss of the Filter

and the Adsorption Bed is studied, and the differences between the theoretical

data obtained through calculation on the basis of the CarmanKozeny Equation a

nd the measured data of the head loss have been carefully compared. The results

show that the theoretical calculation data are generally lower than the measured

data, but the error between them is within the range of 25 per cent; with the i

ncrease in the noneven coefficient of the filler particles, the differences be

tween them tend to increase. The experiment shows that this method of measuring

the head loss of the Filter and the Adsorption Bed can offer more accurate data

of the head loss for practical engineering design.

Key words filter; adsorption bed; head loss; experiment; filler

纵横波速度比泊松比及分辨率比较研究收稿日期：199901

04；

修订日期：19990712薛荣俊，男，1948年2月出生，副教授。

薛荣俊张维冈

(青岛海洋大学，青岛，266003)

摘要在当前的地震勘探中，进一步加强对vp/vs、σ以及纵

、横波分辨率比较的研究，对提高地震勘探精度，划分地质薄层与小地质体及小断块以及联

合利用纵横波进行油气预测、岩性预测和查明小地质体储油状况具有重要意义。作者在前人

研究的基础上，提出用地震波波长来表述纵横波分辨率及其关系，以求对纵横波分辨率有更

清楚的认识与更充分的利用。

关键词纵横波速度比vp/vs；泊松比σ；分辨率；

地震勘探

中图法分类号 P63142

The Study of vp/vs and σ and the

Comparisonof the Discernibility of P and S Waves

Xue Rongjun Zhang Weigang

(Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)

Abstract It is of great importance to further study the v

p/vs and σ and the comparison of the relation of the discernibility o

f p wave and s wave to improve the precision of seismic exploration, lay geologi

c thin layers, mark out small geology units and small faults. In this paper, v

p/vs and σ are acquired by using the time sections of P and S wav

es in the same plane, and the wave length of seismic waves is used to represent

the discernibility of P and S waves and their relation so that they can be bette

r used.

Key words vp/vs; Poisson ratio σ; discernibili

ty; seismic exploration

河口湾区生物扰动强度及扰动作用特征研究

收稿日期：19981130；修订日期：19990705王英国，男，1966年2月出生，硕

士，讲师。

——以山海关大石河河口湾为例

王英国王珍如

(石油大学地球科学系，北京，102200) (中国地质大学地球科学学院，北京，

100083)

摘要通过野外实际观察和室内模拟分析，依据现代沉积中的底内生物扰动构造

三维结构清晰可辨的特征，认为现代河口湾的动物潜穴均可按照规则的几何体求得个体扰动

指数，在此基础上，对河口湾地区生物扰动特点作了研究。

关键词河口湾；生物扰动强度；生物扰动指数；山海关

中图法分类号 X17

Study on the Intensity and Characteristics of

Bioturbation in Branching Bay

——Taking Shanhaiguan Dashihe Branching Bay as an Example

Wang Yingguo

(Department of Geoscience, Petroleum University, Beijing, 1

02200)

Wang Zhenru

(College of Earth Science, The China University of Geoscien

ce, Beijing, 100083)

Abstract According to the field observations and laboratory sim

ulation and analysis, based on the distinct characteristics of the 3D constructi

on of the bioturbation structure in modern sediment, we suggest that for all ani

mal domichinia in modern sediment in a branching bay the individual index of bio

turbation can be obtained from regular geometrical objects, and a study of the s

pecial feature of bioturbation in a branching bay can be made.

Key words branching bay; intensity of bioturbation; index of

bioturbation; Shanhaiguan

冲绳海槽北段地磁场特征及其地质解释国家“八五”科技攻

关项目

(859040203)资助收稿日期：19981225; 修订日期：19990722梁瑞才，

男，1955年2月出生，副研。

梁瑞才王勇韩树桥

(国家海洋局第一海洋研究所，青岛， 266003)

摘要根据磁异常的分布特征，冲绳海槽北

段可以分成三个异常区：东海陆架边缘异常区、东海陆坡异常区和冲绳海槽北段异常区。在

东海陆架边缘区，磁异常以正为主，最大可达+350nT，该区所对应的磁性基底埋深较浅，一

般在2~3km。在东海陆坡异常区，除了有NNE向展布的负异常外，在此背景上还发育了一些沿

NWW向展布的次级异常，推测本异常区的磁异常与NW向的基底断裂有关。冲绳海槽北段异常

区所在宽缓负异常的大背景下又有几处正异常条带分布，则是在吐噶喇断裂带控制作用下所

产生的磁性较强而又不均匀的火成岩体的反应。

关键词冲绳海槽；磁异常；磁性基底；断裂

中图法分类号 P54；P736.1

Magnetic Characteristics and Geological

Interpretation for the North

Part of the Okinawa Trough

Liang Ruicai Wang Yong Han Shuqiao

(First Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Qingdao,266003)

Abstract According to the magnetic distribution, the Okinawa Troug

h can be divided into 3 anomaly regions: the East China Sea shelf margin anomaly

region, continental slope anomaly region and north part anomaly region. In Regi

on 1, most of the anomalies are positive, the magnetic basement is about 2~3km d

eep. In Region 2, the negative magnetic anomaly extended in the NNE, and in Regi

on 3, the anomalies are controlled mainly by faults, and were produced mainly b

y the Volcanic rocks.

Key words Okinawa Trough; magnetic anomaly; magnetic basement; fa

ult

埕北海域海底管线冲刷稳定性研究山东省自然科学基金课题

(Z97E01004)资助

收稿日期：19990426; 修订日期：19990721

阎通，男，1965年1月出生，硕士生。

阎通李萍李广雪

(青岛海洋大学，青岛 266003) (海洋地质研究所，青岛 266071)

摘要根据埕北海域水下三角洲的工程地质条件和水动力条件，分析海底管线在

两种铺设方式情况下的冲刷稳定性。第一种为埋置在一定土层深度处的管线：根据整个埕北

海域海底长期冲淤变化规律，利用1992~1996年的实测水深资料得出的冲刷速率，推算出管

线被冲出泥面所需的时间。第二种为裸露在海底的管线：根据海流对管线周围沉积物产生冲

刷效应，冲刷达到一定程度时处于平衡状态，认为此状态下，海流在该点产生的剪切力等于

形成可冲蚀海床沉积物的临界牵引力，据此计算出在管线周围冲刷的最大深度。

关键词埕北海域；水下三角洲；海底管线；冲刷速率；最大冲刷深

度

中图法分类号 P6424； P7562

Study on Stability of Submarine Pipeline in Chengbei Are

Yan Tong Li Ping

(Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao,266003)

Li Guangxue

(Marine Geology Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266071)

Abstract With the development of marine petroleum, the number of s

ubmarine pipelines is increasing year after year, and the stability of the pipel

ines is of importance. This paper studies the stability of scour of pipelines la

id in two ways, according to the geotechnical condition and condition hydrodynam

ic of the Chenbei area. In the first laying method, pipelines are laid under cer

tain depths of soil. The time can be calculated when the pipelines were exposed

on the seabed by the speeds of scour obtained from 1992~1996 water depth data. I

n the second method, the pipeline is exposed on the bottom. If the water velocit

y in the scour hole is greater than the free stream velocity, erosion may occur,

and the limit of scour can be obtained by estimating the maximum scour depth un

der the off shore pipelines caused by currents.

Keywords Cengbei area; underwater delta; submarine pipelines; speed

of scour; maximum scour depth

青岛及其邻区NE、NW向断裂的活动性研究

收稿日期：19980929; 修订日期：19990730

栾光忠，男，1951年2月出生，副教授。

栾光忠1 任鲁川2 段本春1

(1青岛海洋大学，青岛 266003， 2中国科学院海洋研究所，青岛 266071)

摘要 NE、NW向断裂是青岛及其邻区两组重要的区域性断裂构造。通过野外地质

和地貌观察，依据所测的地震活动和断裂活动的绝对年龄，认为青岛地区NE向断裂自晚更新

—全新世以来处于相对稳定的阶段。并根据NW向断裂对海岸线方向、海底地貌，特别是NW向

断裂对地震的控制作用，认为青岛及其邻区NW向断裂是一组区域性活动断裂。鳌山卫—即墨

微震带是NW向断裂的现代活动性的表现。在地震监测工作中应加强对NW向断裂活动性的监测

与研究。

关键词青岛及其邻区； NE、NW向断裂；现代活动性；防震减灾；环

境地质

中图法分类号 P73613； X14

Activity of NE and NW Faults in Qingdao Area

and its Neighbourhood

Luan Guangzhong1 Ren Luchuan2 Duan Benchun1

(1 College of Marine Geoscience, Ocean University of Qingdao,

Qingdao,266003

2Inssitute of Oceanology, Acedemica, Qingdao,266003)

Abstract NE and NW faults are two major regional faults in the Qi

ngdao area and its neighbourhood. Based on field work, geographic feature, earth

quake records and faults forming chronology, the NE faults in the Qingdao area h

ave been relatively stable since the Q3~Q4. The coast line direction and geo

graphic shape of the sea bottom, especially the earthquakes are controlled by th

e NW faults. Therefore, the NW faults in the Qingdao area and its neighbourhood

are active and regional. Their present activity mainly occurs along the Aosh

anweiJino weak belt. More attention should be paid to the activity of the NW f

aults in earthquake prediction in this area.

Key words Qingdao area; NE and NW faults; activity; earthquake pr

ediction; Environment geology

海洋石油平台TMD振动控制及参数优化收稿日期：199904

28；修订日期：19990705陆建辉，男，1960年1月出生，高工。

陆建辉彭临慧李华军

(青岛海洋大学，青岛，266003)

摘要研究了随机波浪载荷作用下调谐质量阻尼器(TMD)对桩基钢结构海洋平台

的减振效果，采用谱分析法对TMD参数进行优化，优化TMD使平台的位移响应标准偏差比无TM

D下降12.4%。并研究了TMD参数在优化域内的失调对响应的影响，TMD刚度失调比阻尼失

调要敏感，欠阻尼失调比过阻尼失调要敏感。从振害累积概念出发，对谐激励下SDOF-TMD的

Randall参数优化方法提出了改进。

关键词海洋平台；振动控制；调谐质量阻尼器；优化设计

中图法分类号 P742211；TB123

Parametric Study and Optimized Design of a Passive

Tuned Mass Damper for an Offshore Oil Platform

Lu Jianhui Peng Linhui Li Huajun

(Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)

Abstract This paper presents the results of a parametric study

on passive tuned mass damper (TMD) for a fixedtype steel offshore oil platform

modeled as a single degree of freedom (SDOF) system. Given the mass ratio and s

tructure condition, the TMD parameters of stiffness and damping are optimized to

minimize the variance of deck motion for random wave forces. The optimized TMD

results in a 12.4% reduction in response to the variance of deck motion for des

ign conditions (mass ratio equals 2%, speak frequency of the JONSWAP spectrum eq

uals 0.85rad/sec and significant wave height equals 6m). The effect of detuning

on some optimized TMD parameters on the performance is studied, indicating that

the response of deck motion with detuning of stiffness is more sensitive than th

at of damping, near the point of optimized damping the detuning of underdamping

is more sensitive than that of overdamping. Harmoic excitation analysis for a SD

OF-TMD system is made and compared with Randall's method with Eq.4 conditions.

Key words offshore platform; vibration control; tuned mass damp

er; optimized TMD design

全纯函数的RiemannHilbert边值问题

收稿日期：19981221;修订日期：19990721

王莉萍，女，1963年7月出生，硕士，副教授。

王莉萍

(青岛海洋大学数学系，青岛 266003)

摘要讨论了多圆柱区域上边界仅为Hlder连续函数时的全纯函数的Riem

annHilbert边值问题。借助于多复变函数的理论，给出了上述边值问题可解的充要条件及

较完整的解的表达式。

关键词全纯函数； RiemannHibert边值问题；多圆柱区域

中图法分类号 O17456

RiemannHilbert Boundary Value Problem

for Holomorphic Functions

Wang Liping

(Applied Mathematics Department, Ocean University of Qingd

ao, Qingdao,266003)

Abstract We discuss the RiemannHilbert boundary value problem fo

r holomorphic functions in a several cylinder domain when the boundary is only a

Hlder continuous function. By using the theory of functions of several c

omplex variables, we give the necessary and sufficient condition for its solva

bility and establish the expression of its solutions.

Key words holomorphic function; RiemannHilbert boundary value pro

blem; several bicylinder domain