珠江口海水密度的研究国家自然科学基金课题(49376270)资助
收稿日期：19990325；修订日期：19990731
陈国华，男，1938年2月出生，教授，博导。
陈国华 纪 红 谢式南 张力军 张爱滨
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 用磁力浮沉子密度测量装置，在15～25℃之间
的三个温度下测定了珠江口20个水
样的密度。结果表明，测定值皆高于相应条件下国际标准海水状态方程的计算值，在海水盐
度范围0.08～33.446，密度平均偏差范围为2.4～54.0×10-3kg/m3。测定密度和
计算密度的偏差随盐度的降低而增大，与盐度的变化成直线相关：与(Ca2+)/S、SO
42-/S比和比碱度之间皆呈指数曲线相关。珠江口水样(Ca2+)/C1、SO4
2-/C1和比碱度平均值分别超出大洋水平均值17.8%、8.21%和152%，其余的Na+/C1、
K+/C1和Sr2+/C1比值与大洋水无明显差别，基本类同。珠江口海水的高碱度、高
(Ca2+)/C1和高SO42-/C1是造成其海水密度正偏差的主要因素。经计算机拟
合，首次导出了珠江口海水密度的状态方程，该方程计算值与实验值的平均标准偏差为±2.
5×10-3kg/m3。
关键词 珠江口；海水密度；离子比；国际海水状态方程
中图法分类号 P734
A Study on the Density of Seawater in Zhujiang Est
uary
Chen Guohua Ji Hong Xie Shinan Zhang Lijun Zhang Aibin
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract The density and salinity of 20 seawater samples co
llected from the Zh
ujiang Estuary were measured with a high precision magnetic float densimeter at
15.536℃,19.602℃ and 24.976℃, respectively. The major ion content of calci
um, magnesium, strontium SO42-, alkalinity, pH, chlorinity and salinity
etc. were also determined. All the measured densities were higher than those cal
cul
ated by the international Equation of State of Seawater, 1980. The average diffe
rence between the measured and computed densities increase with the decrease of
salinity. The arerage difference of density varies from 2.4 to 54.0×10-3k
g/m3 in salinity ranging from 0.08 to 33.446.The relationship between the aver
age difference and the ratio of Ca
2+/S,SO42-/Cl or specific alkalinity appeared to be exponential with
salinity. The mean Ca2+/Cl ratio, SO42-/Cl ratio and specific alk
alinity were 17.8%,8.21% and 152% higher than their corresponding average values
in ocean seawater. The Na+/Cl ratio, K+/Cl ratio and Sr2+/Cl ratio
were similar to those in the ocean. It was the high Ca2+/Cl ratio, SO
42-/Cl ratio and specific alkalinity that resulted in the higher measured
densities of seawater than the calculated densities in the Zhujiang Estuary. The
resulting densities of all samples were then fitted to the following equation o
f density (×10-3kg/m3):d=a+bS0.5+cS2, where S is salinity, a, b
, c and e are temperature—dependent parameters. The
average standard deviation between the calculated densities from this equation a
nd the experimental values is 2.5×10-3kg/m3. The density difference can
also be estimated from the equation d(10-3kg/m3)=a'+b'［Ca×10-3
］0.5+c'［Ca×10-3］+e'［Ca×10-3］2,where a',b',c' and e' a
re temperature—dependent parameters, with an average standard deviation of 1.4
×10-3kg/m3.
Key Words Zhujiang Estuary; density of seawater; ion ratio; I
nternational Equation of State of Seawater
杭州湾海水密度研究
国家自然科学基金课题(49376270)资助
收稿日期：19990325；修订日期：19990731
金建成，现在国家海洋局东海分局宁波调查队工作。
陈国华，男，1938年2月出生，教授，博导。
陈国华 纪 红 谢式南 张力军 金建成 张爱滨
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 用磁力浮沉子密度测量装置，在15～25℃之间的三个
温度下测定了杭州湾30个水样
的密度。结果表明，测定值皆高于相应条件下国际标准海水状态方程的计算值，在海水盐度
范围5.56～26.4，密度平均偏差值为28.2～120.5×10-3kg/m3。测定密度和计算
密度的
偏差随盐度的降低而增大，与盐度的变化成直线相关；与(Ca2+)/S和比碱度之间皆呈
指数曲线相关。杭州湾海水枯水期和丰水期水样的(Ca2+)/Cl比平均值分
别超出大洋水平均值28.8%和20.6%；杭州湾海水枯水期和丰水期的比碱度平均值分别超出大
洋水平均值60.3%和302%；(Mg2+)/Cl比、枯水期水样SO2-4/Cl比及Sr2+
/Cl比与大洋水平均值相同或相近，丰水期水样SO2-4/Cl高出大洋水平均值7.1%；
结合主要离子在湾内平面分布图，得出杭州湾海水高的Ca2+/Cl比、比碱度和SO
2-4/Cl比，除了受江水输入影响以外，主要还是受湾北岸工业区废水排放的影响。并
首次给出了杭州湾海水的密度公式。
关键词 杭州湾；海水密度；离子比；国际海水状态方程
中图法分类号 P734
A Study on the Density of Seawater in Hangzhou B
ay
Chen Guohua Ji Hong Xie Shinan Zhang Lijun Jin Jianchen
g Zhang Aibin
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Ocean University of Qingdao,Qingdao，266003)
Abstract The density and salinity of 30 seawater samples coll
ected from the Hangzhou Ba
y were measured with a high precision magnetic float densimeter at 15.536℃，1
9.60℃ and 24.976℃, respectively. The major ion content of calcium, magne
sium, st
rontium, SO2-4，alkalinity, pH, chlorinity and salinity etc. were also d
etermined. All the measured densities were higher than those calculated by using
t
he International Equation of State of Seawater, 1980. The average difference bet
ween the measured and computed densities increase with the decrease of salinity.
The average difference of density varies from 28.2 to 120.5×10-3kg/m3
in salinity ranging from 5.56 to 26.4.
The relationship between the average difference and ratio of (Ca2+)/S or
specific alkalinity affected by industrial discharge at the north of the bag and
Qian Tang uiver water appeared to be expohential with salinity. The seawater a
vera
ge ionic ratio value of (Ca2+)/Cl exceeds that of the average value of oce
an seawater 28.8% and 20.6%, respectively in the dry season and the flood season
. The specific alkalinity exceeds that of the average value of ocean seawater 60
.3% and 302%, respectively in dry season and the flood season. The (Mg2+)/
Cl ratio of all samples and (SO2-4)/Cl in the dry season is roughly equa
l to that of the average value of ocean seawater, respectively. The (SO2-
4)/Cl ratio in the flood season exceeds that of the average of ocean seawater
7.1%. The high (Ca2+)/Cl ratio and the high specific alkalinity affected b
y industrid discharge in the north of the bay and Qian Tang River water are the
ch
aracteristics of the Hangzhou Bay seawater. They are main factors affecting posi
tive deviation of seawater density. A equation of the state of the Huangzhou Bay
seawater has been d
erived by a least square method using the experimental density data. The standar
d deviation of this equation is 2.0×10-3kgm-3
Key words Hangzhou Bay; seawater densyty; ionic ratio; Intern
ational Equation of state seawater
珠江口海水中的硼和锶的行为研究国家自然科学基金课题(4
9876021)
资助收稿日期：19990404；修订日期：19990901陈国华，男，1938年2月出生
，教授，博导。
陈国华 王 渊 张爱滨 纪 红
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 采用作者研究的OP-乳化剂增敏姜黄素分光
光度法测定海水中的溶解硼，用ICP-A
ES法测海水中的硼和锶。发现在珠江口海水盐度2.686～25.722，氯度1.440～14.136为0.21
5～0.229mg·kg-1，平均值为0.224±0.005mg·kg-1mg·kg-17.64
，Sr(mg·kg-1)/Cl比值为0.380～0.663，平均值为0.404±0
.016，两者皆在大洋海水自然变动范围之内。珠江口海水中的硼和锶浓度与海水盐度或氯度
均有很好的线性关系。珠江口外南海海水盐度32.923～33.446，氯度18.241～18.558，B
浓度
为4.02～4.24mg·kg-1，Sr浓度为7.64～7.70mg·kg-1。珠江口海水实验数据
统
计回归线与理论释线比较后表明，珠江口海水中硼与锶均具有良好的保守性质，珠江口海水
中的硼和锶主要来自湾外海海水潮汐输入。
关键词 珠江口；海水；硼；锶；行为
中图法分类号 P734
Study on the Behavior of Boron and Strontium in Zh
ujiang Estuary
Chen Guohua Wang Yuan Zhang Aibin Ji Hong
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract Dissolved boron in seawater of the Zhujiang Estu
ary has been determined with sensitized reaction of emulsionthe OP micelle Cur
cumin method newly developed by us. Dissolved Sr in seawater has been determined
with the ICPAES method. Boron in the Zhujiang Estuary varies from 0.32～3.15m
g·kg-1 in chlorinity (Cl) ranging 1.440～14.136, and Sr content shows a hig
h linear correlation with Cl or S (Salinity). Based on the concept of theoretica
l diution Line (TDL), B and Sr in the Zhujiang Estuary show a conservative chara
ter. The ratios of B (mg·kg-1) to Cl are between 0.215 and 0.229 with mea
n value of 0.224±0.005, The Sr(mg·kg-1)/Cl ratios are between 0.380 and
0.663 with a mean value of 0.404±0.016. B and Sr in the Zhujiang Estuary d
erive almost entirely from external seawater.
Key words Zhujiang Estuary; seawater; Boron; Strontium; beh
avior
杭州湾海水中的硼和锶的研究
国家自然科学基金课题(49876021)资助
收稿日期：19990404；修订日期：19990901
金建成，国家海洋局东海分局宁波调查队
王 渊，我院1998年硕士；周新军，我院本科毕业生
陈国华，男，1938年2月出生，教授，博导。
陈国华 王 渊 金建成 张爱滨 王文正 季 荣 周新军
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 采用作者研究的OP-乳化剂增敏姜黄素分光光
度法测定海水中的溶解硼，用ICP-AES
法测定海水中的溶解锶。发现在杭州湾海水盐度5.563～26.397，氯度3.022～14.582范围内
，硼浓度为0.68～3.24mg/kg，锶浓度为1.29～5.88mg/kg，B(mg/kg)/Cl比值为0.219～0.24
5，平均值为0.232±0.007，Sr(mg/kg)/Cl比值范围为0.398～0.440，平均值为0.417±0.01
1。结果表明，湾内海水中的硼和锶浓度与海水盐度或氯度均有很好的线性正相关关系，丰
水
期与枯水期水样数据关系相同，不因采水时间不同而变化。实验数据统计回归线与理论稀释
线比较后表明，湾内海水中锶与硼均具有良好保守性质；湾内海水中的硼和锶主要来自湾外
潮汐输入。湾东北沿岸海水高的B/Cl比值，暗示着此处有含硼工业废水排入湾内，认为B/Cl
比可作为近岸河口海水硼污染的一种指标。杭州湾海水中未检测到硼有机络合物。
关键词 杭州湾；海水；硼；锶；保守性行为
中图法分类号 P734
Boron and Strontium in Seawater of Hangzhou Bay
Chen Guohua Wang Yuan Jin Jiancheng
Zhang Aibin Wang Wenzheng Ji Rong Zhou Xinjun
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract Dissolved boron in the seawater of the Hangzhou Bay
has been determined with s
ensitized reaction of emulsorthe OP micelle curcumin method newly developed by
us, and dissolved Sr in seawater has been determined with the ICPAES method.
Boron in seawater of the Hangzhou Bay varies from 0.68 to 3.24mg/kg in chlorinit
y(Cl) ranging 3.022 to 14.582 and Sr varies from 1.29 to 5.88mg/kg. The B o
r Sr c
ontent shows a high linear correlation with Cl or S (salinyity) for seawater sam
ples of the flood season as well as the dry season. The ratios of B(mg/kg) to Cl
are between 0.219～0.245, and with a mean value of 0.2315±0.007. The Sr(mg
/kg)/Cl ratios are between 0.398～0.440 and with a mean value of 0.417±0.01
1. B
oron and Sr are found to be conservative in the seawater of the Hangzhou Bay. Th
e B and Sr in the Hangzhou Bay are derived mainly from the external seawater thr
ough tidal currents. In the northeast coastal region of the Hangzhou Bay hign va
lues of B/Cl are observed which could be due to received boroncontaining indus
trial waste water. It seems that B/Cl is useful in finding out borate pollution
in estuaries.
Key words Hangzhou Bay; seawater; Boron; Strontium; conservation
综 述
海水中硼的测定方法国家自然科学基金课题(49876021)资助
王
渊. 胶束，微乳增敏分光度法测定海水中的硼：［硕士论文］. 青岛：青岛海洋大学，1998
19990325；修订日期：19990901王 渊，女，1973年10月出生，硕士生。
王 渊 陈国华
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 介绍了海水中硼的测定主要方法，包括容量法
，分光光度法、极谱法、光谱法、离子选择电极法等及其研究进展。
关键词 硼；海水；测定方法
中图法分类号 P734
A Method for the Determination of Boron in Seawater
Wang Yuan Chen Guohua
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engneering,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract This paper summarizes the methods of boron a
nalysis in seawater, incl
uding the titrimetric method, spectrophotometric method, polarographic method, s
pectrographic method, ionselective electrodes method etc. and their advancemen
t.
Key Words Boron; seawater; method of Boron analysis
综 述
海洋中硼的研究国家自然科学基金课题(49876021)资助收
稿日期：
19990325；修订日期：19990901陈国华，男，1938年2月出生，教授，博导。
陈国华 王 渊
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 硼是海水中的常量元素，也是自然水体中重要
的
生物、地质、化学元素。海洋中的硼含量、B/Cl比常用于指示水团，研究大洋环流。海洋粘
土中的硼含量作为古盐度的指标。硼也对海洋浮游生物的生长起重要的作用。本文综述了海
洋中硼的研究，讨论了海洋中硼的
迁移。
关键词 硼；B/Cl；海洋；河口；迁移
中图法分类号 P734
Study on Boron in the Sea
Chen Guohua Wang Yuan
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract Boron is an important chemical constituent of sea
water and also an improtant b
io geo chemical element in natural waters. Boron content and B/Cl are used in th
e identification of water masses and in tracing currents in the ocean. Boron con
tent of Marine Clays is an indicator of paleosalinity. Boron also plays an impo
r
tant biochemical part in the growth of marine plankton. This paper summarizes th
e studies of boron in the sea and discusses the transfer of boron.
Key words Boron; B/Cl; ocean; estuary; transfer
珠江口海水碱度研究国家自然科学基金项目(49376270)资助
收稿日期：19980719；修订日期：19990713
李福荣，男，1939年10月出生，教授。
李福荣 陈国华 纪 红
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛266003)
摘 要 采用pH电测法测定了珠江口区表层海水碱度。
发现珠江河口区表层海水碱度，在盐度0.080～25.722范围内，变化范围为0.670～1.94
mmol·dm-3，碱度平均值为1.43±0.33mmol·dm-3。相应比碱度变化范围为0.
106～68.667,平均为11.3±22.6。自湾北到湾外碱度随盐度增大而增大，与盐度呈密切正
相关。并讨论了比碱度、碳酸碱度与硼酸碱度的分布变化。
关键词 珠江口；海水；碱度；比碱度
中图法分类号 P736
The Alkalinity of Seawater in Zhujiang River Estuary
Li Furong Chen Guohua Ji Hong
(College of Chemistry and chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract In this paper the alkalinity of seawater in the
Zhu jiang River Estua
ry is the measured by pH electronic detection. It was found that the range of al
kalinity in sea water of the Zhu jiang River Estuary is 0.67 to 1.94 mmol·dm
-3, whereas the range of salinity is 0.080 to 25.722. The average of alkalin
ity is 1.43±0.33mmol·dm-3 and the range and mean value of specific alk
alinity is 0.106 to 68.7, 11.3±22.6, respectively. The alkali9nity greatly
increases with salinity increasing from the northern part of the bay to the sou
thern part of the bay. The correlation between alkalinity and salinity is posit
ive. The distribution variation of specific alkalinity, carbonate alkalinity(CA)
and boric(BA) are discussed in this paper.
Key words Zhujiang River Estuary; seawater; alkalinity; spec
ific alkalinity
杭州湾海水碱度研究
国家自然科学基金课题(49376270)资助
收稿日期：19971208；修订日期：19990830
李福荣，男，1939年10月出生，教授。
李福荣 陈国华 陈 景
(青岛海洋大学，青岛，266003)
摘 要 用pH法测定了杭州湾海水的碱度。结果表明，
1994年5月份，杭州湾海水在盐度12.097～26.397之间的碱度变化范围为1.55～2.23mmol.dm
-3，平均值为1.757mmol.dm-3。相应的比碱度变化范围为0.106～0.324，平均
值为0.202. 碱度高值出现在北岸上海石化总厂附近。因受北岸工业废水排放影响，湾内碱
度自西北向东南降低。丰水期湾内海水比碱度显著增大，主要受径流的影响。枯水期湾内碱
度和比碱度与盐度或氯度呈负相关关系。
关键词 杭州湾 碱度 比碱度 河口化学
中图法分类号 P734
The Alkalinity of Seawater in Hangzhou Bay
Li Furong Chen Guohua Chen Jing
(Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract The alkalinity of water samples in Hangzhou Bay wa
s measured with the method of pH. The results indicate that the variation range
of alkalinity is 1.5～2.23mmol·dm-3with an average value of 1.75mmol·
dm-3within the salinity range 12.097～26.397 in May 1994. The variation
range of specific alkalinity is 0.106～0.324 with an average value of 0.202. Th
e highest value of alkalinity (2.23mmol·dm-3) is found in the proximity ar
ea of Shanghai Petro Chemical Works. The horizontal distribution of alkalinity i
n Hangz
hou Bay indicates that the variation of alkalinity is affected by the polluted w
ater discharged from the factory. The influence of river water on the alkalinity
in the flood season of Hangzhou Bay is obvious, when the alkalinity increases a
nd the specific alkalinity increases remarkably. The correlation between alkalin
ity with salinity and chlorinity is negative. A correlation equation is obtained
.
Key words Hangzhou Bay; alkalinity; special alkalinity; estua
ry chemistry
杭州湾海水中钾、钠、钙、镁、锶和硫酸根的迁移变化研究
国家
自然科学基金课题(49376270)资助，本文全部离子浓度测定数据来自文献［**］中‘离子组
成测定’部分。
**纪 红，中国近海水-杭州湾和珠江口海水密度的研究：［硕士论文］. 青岛：青岛海
洋大学，1995
收稿日期：19980324；修订日期：19990713
陈学政，男，1974年1月出生，硕士生。
陈学政 纪 红 陈国华
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 以氯度作为保守性指数研究了杭州湾海区由于
离子强度的变化水体中
钾、钠、钙、镁、锶和硫酸根离子的保守性、非保守性行为，结果发现在测定相对误差分别
为±0.2%，±0.5%，±0.5%，±0.2%，±0.5%时，钾、钠、镁、硫酸根在整个氯度范围内
表现为保守性；锶在整个氯度范围内没有规律性的“迁入”或“迁出”行为；钙的不保守行
为表现为在氯度6～8之间有明显的“迁入”，其在低氯和高氯区则具有较好的保守性。并对
此结果作了初步探讨。
关键词 杭州湾；常量元素离子；保守性；河口化学
中图法分类号 P734
A Study on the Transition Behaviour of Sodium,
Calcium, Magnesium, Strontium and Sulphate
in seawater of Hangzhou Bay
Chen Xuezheng Ji Hong Chen Guohua
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineeing,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao,266003)
Abstract The transition behaviour of potassium, sodium, cal
cium, magnesium, st
rontium and sulphate in seawater of Hangzhou Bay are discussed. The result shows
that
potassium, sodium, magnesium and sulphate are conservative in the whole
area, while strontium has no obvious regularity. Calcium is semiconservative a
nd it increases only in waters with chlorinityies between 68.
Key words Hangzhou bay; major element ion; conservatively; Es
tuary Chemistry
1980年国际标准海水状态方程
应用于低盐海水的可能性国家自然科学基金课题(49376270)资助
收稿日期：19990325；修订日期：19990713纪 红，女，1971年6月出生，硕士
纪 红 陈国华
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 为了考察1980年国际标准海水状态方程在盐度
小于0.5条件下的适用性，测定了0.039
～2.000盐度范围内的稀释大洋水的密度，并与状态方程的计算值作了比较。测定值与计算
值之间的平均偏差为±0.6×10-3kg/m3，小于状态方程的标准偏差3.6×10-3
kg/m3。结果认为1980年国际标准海水状态方程的低盐范围可以从现在的0.5继续扩展到
0.039。
关键词 国际海水状态方程；海水密度；稀释低盐海水
中图法分类号 P734
On the Possibility of Extending the Applicat
ion ofthe International Equation of State of Seawater (1980)to Seawaters wit
h Very Low Salinities Ji Hong, Chen Guohua
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean
University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract The densities of 7 diluted North Pacific Ocean seawater samples with
salinities between 0.039～0.500 were measured with a high precision magnetic fl
oat densitymeter at 15.536℃， 19.602℃ and 24.976℃, respectively. The measur
ed densities were compared with calcuated values from the International Equation
of state of Seawater (1980). The average deviation of both series of data are a
bout ±0.6×10-3kg/m3, so that the application of the International Equation of
state of seawater (1980) may be extended application to diluted ocean seawaters
with very low salinities.
Key words International Equation of State of Seawater; seawater density; dilute
d low salinity seawater
研究简报
胶州湾海水中硼的研究国家自然科学基金课题(49876021)
资助收稿
日期：19980722；修订日期：19990901张爱滨，男，1959年12月出生，高工。
张爱滨 陈国华 姜晓波 张一纯 齐春惠 褚金芳
(青岛海洋大学，青岛，266003)
摘 要 首次实验研究胶州湾海水中的硼，胶州湾表层
海水中硼的浓度为3.24～3.87mgkg
-1，B/Ci比值为0.181～0.215，平均值为0.204±.0.009。B/S比值为0.100～0.120，平均值
为0.113±0.005。湾内硼的分布，低值区在李村河口沧口湾附近，而在湾的东西两侧、东北
角及湾口区域海水中硼浓度则较高。湾内海水中的硼主要靠湾外海潮输入。因湾内无常年径
流流入，盐度分布变化小，硼浓度随盐度及氯度变化不明显。相对于北黄海水，胶州湾海水
硼平均迁出量8.65%，胶州湾海水中的硼表现为非保守性质。
关键词 胶州湾；硼；海水；非保守行为
中图法分类号 P734
Investigation on Boron in the Seawater of Jiaozhou Bay
Zhang Aibin, Chen Guohua, Jiang Xiaobao, Zhang Yichun, Qi Ch
unhui, Chu Jinfang
(Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract Dissolved Boron in the seawater of Jiaozhou Bay is
studied for the first time. Boron content has been determined with sensitized r
eaction of emulsorthe OP micelle curcumin method newly developed by us. The an
alysis of the samples collected during October, 1989 and May, 1995 shows that th
e Boron in the seawater of Jiaozhou Bay varies from 3.24 mgkg-1 to 3.87ngkg-1, t
he average ratios B(mgkg-1)/CI and B(mgkg-1)/S are 0.204±0.009×10-3 and 0.113
±0.005×10-3, respectively, lower than those in ocean waters. The ratios B (mgk
g-1)/CI and B(mgkg-1)/S vary from 0.181 to 0.215 and 0.100 to 0.120 separately.
The concentration distribution of Boron in the seawater of Jiaozhou Bay shows th
at the low value regions are nearby Li Cun river mouth and Cang Kou Bay, but the
high value regions are in the northeastern part, Jiaozhou Bay mouth and both si
des of the Bay. The dissolved Boron in the seawater of Jiaozhou Bay is mainly de
rived from the external seawater and the high salinity brines. Without the river
s flowing into the sea throughout the year, the salinity distribution in seawate
r of Jiaozhou Bay varies vary small. In proportion to Boron in the Yellow Sea, t
he average percentage removal of Boron in the seawater of Jiaozhou Bay is 8.65%.
The percentage removal of Boron was calculated using the concept of the theoret
ical dilution line. The percentage removals have been found from 3.17 to 18.8 Th
at indicates the nonconservative behaviour of Boron in Jiaozhou Bay.
Key words Jiaozhou Bay; Boron; seawater; nonconservative behaviour
胶束增溶增敏分光光度法
直接测定海水中的硼国家自然科学基金课题(49876021)资助
收稿日期：19990428，修订日期：19990713
史春莲，女，1973年7月出生，硕士生。
史春莲 王 渊 陈国华
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 首次以含量为15%的非离子型乳化剂OP100胶束体系为介质进行硼的分光光度法测
定研究，确定最佳实验条件(最大吸收波长为555nm，姜黄素用量为4mL，酸试剂用量为5mL，
胶束用量为5mL，显色温度为50℃，显色时间为15min)，改进了现有的姜黄法，此方法适用
于海水中硼的水相直接分光光度测定。实验结果表明测定灵敏度显著增加(E=1.5×105)，线
性范围变宽(0～1.2μg/25mL)，络合物稳定性好，稳定时间长达50h。
关键词 硼的测定，海水，分光光度法，胶束
中图法分类号 P734
Direct Determination of Boron in Seawater by
Micellar Enhanced Spectrophotometry
Shi Chunlian Wang Yuan Chen Guohua
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of Qingdao,Qingdao,266003)
Abstract The determination of Boron in the medium of nonionic surfactant soluti
on(water content 85%) was investigated for the first time. The optimum experimen
tal conditions were determined through experiments. The classic curcumin method
of Boron determination was improved. Boron in seawater can be determined by thi
s micellar enhanced spectrophotometric method to avoid the interference of salin
ity. Experimental results showed that the sensitivity of determination was enhan
ced greatly(E=1.5×105), the linear range was broadened(0～1.2μg/25mL)， and th
e colored complex compounds remained stable for up to 50 hours.
Key words determination of Boron; seawater; spectrophotometry; micelle
综 述
海洋体系中有关表面活性剂的研究概况
国家自然科学基金课题(49876021)资助
收稿日期：19990713；修订日期：19990809
隋卫平，女，1966年7月出生，在读博士，讲师。
隋卫平 陈国华
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，表岛，266003)
摘 要 综述了国内外近年来海洋体系中有关表面活性
剂的研究概况。包括天然表面
活性物质及人工合成表面活性剂的分布和作用，及表面活性剂在海洋体系中的应用等方面。
关键词 表面活性剂，分布，应用，海洋体系
中图法分类号 P734
Studies on the Surfactants in the Marine System
Sui Weiping Chen Guohua
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean Univers
ity of Qingdao, Qingdao，266003)
Abstract This review summarized the present studies of the
surfactants in the ma
rine system. The distribution and functions of the natural surface active agents
and the artificial detergents were mentioned and the applications of the surfact
ants in the marine system were included.
Key words surfactant; distribution; application; detergent; m
arine system
珠江口表层水中Alk，K+，Na+，Ca2+运移过程的稀释规律
国家自然科学基金课题(4937620)资助
收稿日期：19990325；修订日期：19990901张力军，女，1949年7月出生，
教授级高工。
张力军 陈国华 李富荣 谢式南 纪红
(青岛海洋大学，青岛266003)
摘 要 1994年9月1日～11日采集珠江口表层海水水样
。利用模拟水样和现场水样稀释比与化学
要素浓度关系的数学模式，对珠江口表层水Alk，K+，Na+，Ca2+在运移过程的稀
释规律进行了研究，并利用上述模式计算了珠江口表层水样的Alk，K+，Na+，Ca2+
在河海水整个混合过程和相应于各稀释比条件下的转移量。
关键词 河口化学；珠江口；稀释比；转移量；Alk，K+，Na
+，Ca2+
中图法分类号 P746.2+1
The Dilution Pattern of Alk，K+，Na+，Ca2+
in the Transfering Process of Surface Seawater
Samples of Zhujiang Estuary
Zhang Li Jun Chen Guohua Li Furong Xie Shinan Ji Hong
(The Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract Surface sea water samples in the ZhuJiang River es
tuary were collect
ed during September 1 to 11, 1994. The dilution pattern of Alk，K+，Na+ and
Ca2+ during the migration of the surface water was investigated by a mathe
m
atic model based on the relationship between the dilution ratios (of the simulat
ed water samples and water samples collected in situ) and the concentrations of
chemical elements. The transfer fluxes of Alk，K+，Na+ and Ca2+in the
s
urface water corresponding to different dilution ratios during the whole mixing
process (of the riversea waters) are calculated using the same model.
Key words Estuary Chemistry; Zhujiang River Estuary; dilution
ratios; transter capacitg; Alk，K+，Na+，Ca2+
黄河、长江、钱塘江水样中胶体对铅吸附络合容量的影响
收稿日期：19990408；修订日期：19990706赵卫红，女，1969年5月出生，博士
。
赵卫红 张正斌 王江涛
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 用过滤和切向超滤将黄河、长江和钱塘江的水
样分成<1.0μm、<0.4μm和<5000Dal
ton (相当于1.5nm 孔径) 三种级分，对铅在不同级分上的吸附络合容量进行了初步探讨
。铅在不同级分上的吸附络合容量差别很大，滤膜孔径越小，吸附络合容量越小。的黄河
水样真溶液中的配体对铅的键合能力相对较强，而粒级较大的络合能力相对较弱；长江水样
较大粒级的配体对铅的键合能力相对较强；钱塘江水样的各粒级配体的键合能力相似。胶体
对三种江河水体的吸附络合容量具有很大贡献，黄河水样<1.0μm的吸附络合容量中，1.5nm
～1.0μm的胶体部分的吸附络合容量占总量的82.5%，其中以0.4～1.0μm大粒径胶体为主；
长江和钱塘江水样中1.5nm～1.0μm的胶体部分的吸附络合容量分别达到了总量的5
7.7%和56.8%。
关键词 胶体化学；铅；吸附络合容量；江河水；切向超滤
中图法分类号 P734
The Effect of Colloid on Adsorbtive Complexing
Capacify of Lead in Huanghe, Changjiang
and Qiantangjiang Freshwater
Zhao Weihong Zhang Zhengbin Wang jiangtao
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract Three fractions of<1.0μm,<0.4μm and <5000Dalton
(corresponding to 1
.5nm) in Huanghe, Changjiang and Qiantangjiang freshwater were separated by filt
ration and crossflow ultrafiltration. The adsorptive complexing capacities (A
.C.C.) of lead in different fractions were primarily discussed. The A.C.C. of le
ad in successive filtrates were remarkably different. The smaller the membrane p
ore was, the smaller the A.C.C. was. The adsorptive capacity of colloids contrib
uted most to the total A.C.C.. The complexing capability of lead with ligands in
truly dissolved fraction was relatively stronger than that in larger size fract
ion f
or the Huanghe freshwater sample. The complexing capability of lead with ligands
in larger size fraction was relatively stronger for the Changjiang freshwater s
a
mple. The complexing capabilities of lead with ligands in different size fractio
ns were similar. In the A.C.C. of <1.0μm fraction in Huanghe sample, the A.C.C
. of 1.5nm～1.0μm colloid accounted for 82.5% of total A.C.C., that of 0.4～1.0
μ
m colloid was the main contributor, The A.C.C. of 1.5nm～1.0μm colloid in Chang
jiang and Qiantangjiang samples accounted for 57.7% and 56.8% of total A.C.C.
, respectively.
Key words colloid; lead; adsorptive complexing capacity; fres
hwater; crossflow ultrafiltration
黄河、长江和钱塘江水样不同级分滤液与铅吸附络合反应动力学的初步研究
收稿日期：19990408；修订日期：19990706赵卫红，
女，1969年5月出生，博士。
赵卫红 张正斌 王江涛
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 采用过滤和切向超滤将黄河、长江和钱塘江水样
分成＜1.0μm，＜0.4μm,＜5000Dalt
on (相当于1.5mm孔径)三个级分，分别对三个级分滤液与铅进行吸附络合反应的动力学进行
了初步研究。黄河水样<1.5nm超滤液与铅吸附络合反应呈快反应，＜0.4μm和＜1.0μm
的各级过滤液呈慢反应；长江和钱塘江水样各级滤液均呈慢反应。长江和钱塘江水样与铅反
应存在络合竞争，反应速率取决于竞争离子络合物的解离速率；黄河水样则没有络合竞争。
黄河水样＜0.4μm和＜1.0μm的滤液与铅的络合反应速率由铅与胶体之间的反应决定，
反应速率由液膜扩散控制。
关键词 胶体化学；铅；反应动力学；江河水；切向超滤
中图法分类号 P734
Preliminary Studies of Dynamics of Interaction
between Lead and Different Fractional
Filtrates in Huanghe, Changjiang
and Qiantangjiang Freshwater
Zhao Weihong Zhang Zhengbin Wang jiangtao
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of Qingda
o, Qingdao,266003)
Abstract The samples from the Huanghe River, the Changjiang R
iver and the Qian
tangjiang River were separated into three fractions: <1.0μm,<0.4μm, and <500
0Da
lton(corresponding to 1.5nm) by filtration and crossflow ultrafiltration. The dy
namics of interaction between lead and the three fractions was preliminarily stu
died. The complexing reaction in ultrafiltrates of the Huanghe River samples app
eared fast, however, those in <0.4μm and <1.0μm filtrates appeared slowly.
For t
he Chanjiang River and the Qiantangjiang River samples, the reactions in all the
filtrates and ultrafiltrates were slow. The complexation of lead in the Changj
iang
River and the Qiantangjiang River samples occurs in competition with that of oth
er i
ons. The rate of the reaction is controlled by the dissociation of the complex b
etween the rivalrous ion and the ligand. No competitive reaction occurred betwee
n lead with the Huanghe River samples. The rates of the reactions between lead a
nd <0.4μm and <1.0μm filtrates of the Huanghe River samples were determined by
the reaction between lead and colloid. The rate was controlled by liquid film d
iffusion.
Key words colloid; lead; interaction; dynamics;freshwater
综 述
二甲基硫的海洋化学研究国家自然科学基金课题(4970607
0)和山东省自然科学基金课题(Q97E04145)资助
收稿日期：19990408；修订日期：19990622
杨桂朋，男，1963年11月出生，教授，博士。
杨桂朋 戚佳琳
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛266003)
摘 要 二甲基硫(DMS)是海洋排放到大气中的最主要
的生源硫化物。作者综述了DMS在海洋中的分布特征、影响DMS转化的因素、DMS的海
空扩散及其对环境的影响等。DMS在海洋中存在很大程度的时空变化，这一变化不
仅与海洋初级生产力水平有关，而且还与浮游植物的种类组成密切相关。微生物的降解、
光化学的氧化以及海空扩散是DMS在海洋中迁移变化的三个最重要的途径。DMS的海-空扩
散
也存在较大的时空变化。DMS的释放会对全球的气候变化和酸雨的形成产生重要的影响
。本文同时就国内外的研究现状和今后的研究方向进行了分析和总结。
关键词 二甲基硫(DMS)；时空分布；微生物降解；光化学氧化；
海-空通量
中图法分类号 P734
Study on Marine Chemistry of Dimethylsulfide
Yang Guipeng, Qi Jialin
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Ocean University of Qingdao
, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract Dimethylsulfide (DMS) is the major biogenic
sulfur compound emitted fr
om the ocean. This article reviewed the distribution features of DMS in the ocea
n, the factors influencing the removal of DMS in the ocean, the seatoair flu
x of DMS, and its effect on the environment. DMS concentrations in seawater exhi
bited great spatial and temporal variations, which were related to not only prim
a
ry productivity level but also species composition of phytoplankton. Microbial d
egradation, photochemical oxidation, and seatoair emission are the three mos
t important removal pathways of DMS in the ocean. The seatoair flux of DMS
signific
antly varied in different sea areas. The emission of (DMS) from the ocean has an
i
mportant influence on the global climate change as well as environmental acidifi
cation. The present research status and further research fields were also analyz
ed and summarized.
Key words dimethylsulfide (DMS); spatial and temporal d
is
tribution; microbial degradation; photochemical oxidation; seatoair flux
大型底栖海藻对海水中元素富集
的吸着配位化学模型
国家自然科学基金课题(49206064)资助
收稿日期：19990408；修订日期：19990615
于志刚，男，1962年10月出生，副教授。
于志刚 张正斌 张经
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，266003，青岛)
史峰岩
(华东师范大学河口海岸研究所，200062，上海)
摘 要 研究了大型底栖海藻对海水中元素的富集系数(C
F)和元素在海水中平均逗留时间(MORT)、海水中的浓度(C)、在深海粘土/海水中分配系数(K
)之间的关系，给出了lgCF～lg(MORT)、lgCF～lgC及lgCF～lgK等的线性回归方程。指出元
素在大型底栖藻中的富集主要地是一种服从吸着——配位作用规律的化学作用，并采用Ф
(Z/r,X)函数来估算富集系数。
关键词 大型底栖海藻；富集系数；Ф(Z/r,X)函数；配位化学
；海水
中图法分类号 P734
Concentration Factors in Benthic Macroalgae for Elements
and an Adsorption—Coordination Chemical Model
Yu Zhigang Zhang Zhengbin Zhang Jing
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003, China)
Shi Fengyan
(Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research,
East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China)
Abstract The relationship between the concentration factor
s in benthic macroalgae for elements and the mean oceanic residence, concentrati
on in sea water, deepsea clay/seawater partition coefficient for elements we
re studied. The results indicate that the concentration factor in benthic macroa
lgae for elements is dominated by the “adsorptioncoordination” chemical inte
raction. A method to estimate the concentration factor in benthic macroalgae is
proposed by using a function Ф (Z/r,X,Rξ)
Key words Benthic macroalgae; concentration factor; function
Ф(Z/r,X,Rξ); seawater
琉球群岛邻近海域溶解有机碳的初步研究
国家自然科学基金项目(49606074)资助收稿日期：19990408 修订日期：199
90722王江涛，男，1967年6月出生，博士，副教授。
王江涛 谭丽菊
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛266003)
摘 要 测定了1997年7月份琉球群岛邻近海域的溶解
有机碳(D
OC)，发现DOC的最高浓度存在于表层水中，为163μmol/L，底层水DOC的平均浓度为50μmol
/L左右，最低为39μmol/L，且浓度相对保持恒定。黑潮北端DOC的浓度要高于南端，研究认
为东海是DOC的一个源。
关键词 溶解有机碳，通量，琉球群岛；海洋碳循环
中图法分类号 P734
Preliminary Studies of DOC in Seawater near the Ryukyu s
land
Wang Jiangtao Tan Liju
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract Dissolved organic carbon was determined in seawat
er near the Ryukyu i
sland in July of 1997 using the UV/persulphate method. DOC concentration was hig
h in the surface layer, and the maximum value is 163μmol/L. The average concent
ration was about 50μmol/L in deeper water, and the minimum value is 39μmol/L.
DOC in deep water kept constant. DOC was higher in the north of the Kuroshio tha
n in the south, which means the East China Sea is a source of DOC.
Key words DOC; flux; the Ryukyu Island; the carbon circulati
on in ocean
微量金属与水合氧化物相互作用的介质效应
收稿日期：19990408；修订日期：19990708
姬泓巍，男，1957年6月出生，博士，教授
姬泓巍 张正斌 刘莲生 辛惠蓁
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 实验研究NaC1和海水介质中离子强度、盐度对
微量金属铜与水合氧化物针铁矿相互作用的影响。结果表明：介质的离子强度、盐度对交换
率、交换量有促进作用，随介质的离子强度、盐度的增加，交换率—pH曲线向左移动，交换
等温线向上移动；比较NaClO4、NaCl和海水三种介质中的交换率和交换量，其大小顺序为
：NaClO4>NaCl>海水，表明在NaCl水溶液和海水中，铜与介质之间存在络合作用；等温线
的类型不随介质浓度而变化，离子强度、盐度对相互作用机理不产生影响。关
键词 离子强度；盐度；微量金属铜；针铁矿；吸附；海水介质效应
中图法分类号 P734
Ionic Strength Effect on Interfacial
Interaction between Copper and Goethite
Ji Hongwei Zhang Zhengbin Liu Liansheng Xin Huizhen
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract The effects of ionic strength and salinity on the
exchange ratio E%pH curves and isotherms of coppergeothite system in NaC1 a
nd seawater media are studied. The results show that the ionic strength and sali
nity can change the exchange ratio and exchange quantity, the E%—pH curves shif
t letwards and the isotherms shift upwards as ionic strength or salinity of the
media is NaC1O4>NaC1>seawater, which indicates that there is a complexation ef
fect in NaC1 and seawater. The ionic strength can change the location of isother
ms, but it does not change the isotherm classification. The results can be appli
ed to ocean geochemistry and are of practical significance for protecting th
e ocean environment against pollution.
Key words ionic strength; salinity; copper; geothite; adsorptio
n
Adsorption of molybdate on goethite
in seawater medium
Wang Jiangtao(王江涛)，Zhang Zhengbin(张正斌
)，Zhao Weihong(赵卫红)
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of Qingdao,Qingdao,266003)
Abstract The adsorption of molybdate on goethite u
nder changing conditions of
pH and total solution molybdate concentration were investigated in the sea water
medium. Sshape isotherms were observed for the adsorption of molybdate on go
ethite. The Sshape isotherm can be described by an estimated equation in which
the adsorption of molybdate is considered to take place on the energetically equ
ivalent but distinct sites of the inner Helmholtz plane(IHP) o
f the double electric layer on the surface of the goethite particles suspended i
n the seawater medium, and lateral interactions exist between the adsorbed molyb
date ions. The calculated maximum adsorption amount of molybdate on goethite is
4.76×10-5mol/g. Molybdate adsorption on goethite is influenced by solutio
n pH. Sorption density decreased with increasing pH. The results indicated that
the scavenging of iron hydroxides could remove approximately 20% of the molybden
um added to seawater medium.
Key words interface chemistry; adsorption; molybdate; goeth
ite; sea water
海水介质中钼酸根在针铁矿上的吸附
收稿日期：19990113；修订日期：199907王江涛，男，1967年6月出生，博士
，副教授
王江涛 张正斌 赵卫红
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛 266003)
摘 要 研究了pH和总钼酸根浓度对海水中钼酸根在针铁矿上
吸附的影响。钼酸根在针铁矿
上的吸附等温线为S型。假设海水中钼酸根在针铁矿表面的吸附，是在双电层的内Helmholt
层中的能量相等的不同位置上进行的，并考虑到吸附的钼酸根之间存在着横向相互作用，由
此推导得到的吸附等温式可描述钼酸根在针铁矿上的S型吸附等温线，并计算得到钼酸根在
针铁矿上的最大吸附量为4.76×10-5mol/g。钼酸根在针铁矿上的吸附受溶液pH影响
，吸附密度随pH的增加而降低。加入到海水中的钼约有20%可被水合氧化铁的清除作用所转
移。
关键词 界面化学；吸附；钼酸根；针铁矿；海水
中图法分类号 P734
氢化物原子荧光法测定海水痕量硒及其形态
收稿日期：19990608；修订日期：19990720
李 静，女，1937年10月出生，教授。
李 静 万 萍 杨淑海 王乐新
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 采用氢化物原子荧光法(HGAFS)测定海水痕
量硒，并利用KBH4对Se(Ⅳ)和Se(Ⅵ)的还原能力不同，以6mol/dm3HCl将海水中Se(Ⅵ)
还原为Se(Ⅳ)再经氢化反应而测定其形态浓度。以正交设计法对HGAFS法测定硒的实验条
件进行优化选择。在佳化条件下本方法测定溶解态硒的检出限为0.072μg/dm3，对1.00μ
g/dm3Se浓度的样品变异系数为±2.3%。标准曲线表明，在0～25μg/dm3Se浓度范围内
有理想的线性关系。该方法可直接测定海水中的溶解态总硒、Se(Ⅳ)及Se(Ⅵ)，回收率为99
±2%。
关键词 氢化物-原子荧光法；硒；硒的形态；海水
中图法分类号 P734
Determination of Trace Dissolved Selenium and ItsSpe
ciations in Seawater with HGAFS
Li Jing Wan Ping Yang Shuhai Wang Lexin
(Ocean Chemistry Department, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract A method of determining trace dissolved selenium,
Se(Ⅳ) and Se(Ⅵ) in seawater by HGAFS is presented. The optimum experimental
conditions are selec
ted by a kind of orthogonal design. The optimum conditions selected are as follo
ws: reactive acidity, 30% HCl; the amount of K BH4, 0.7% 10mL in 10mL somple;
gas flow rate of argon, 600mL/min; temperature of atomization,300℃; lamp curren
t, 100mA; negative high voltage, -300V. We used 6 mol/L HCl to reduce the S
e(Ⅵ) to Se(Ⅳ), then analyzed the two species of selenium in seawater. The dete
ction limit is 0.072 μg/L and the variation coefficient at a selenium level
of 1.00 μg/L is ±2.3%. The calibration Curve shows a straight line in the
concentration range of 0.00～25.00μg/L Se. This method can be used directly t
o the determination of selenium in seawater without any preconcentration procedu
re with a recovery of 99±2%.
Key words HGAFS; selenium; speciation; seawater
东海冬、夏两季表层海水的二氧化碳分压国家自然科学基
金课题(49636210)资助收稿日期：19990408；修订日期：19990729
张龙军，男，1955年7月出生，副教授。张龙军
王彬宇 张 经
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 1997年冬、1998年夏在东海进行了两个航次的调
查，采用气相色谱一喷洒式平衡器系统，现场测定了表层海水和大气的CO2分压。东海表
层海水CO2分压受东海环流、生物活动、季节等因素影响而变化。冬季受垂直混合作用的
影响，陆架区是CO2的源；黑潮水是CO2的汇，夏季受生物活动的影响，陆架区水系是CO
2的汇；黑潮及影响区域是CO2的源。
关键词 东海；CO2分压；碳循环
中图法分类号 P734
pCO2 in the Surface Water of the East
China Sea in Winter and Summer
Zhang Longjun Wang Binyu Zhang Jing
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract pCO2 in the surface water and the atmosphere of
the East China Sea are measured insitu by the G.Cequilibrium system in two s
urveys carried in Winter 1997 and Summer 1998. pCO2 in the sea water is influe
nced by current systems, biological activities and seasonal factors, in Winter,
the coastal area and the Kuroshio are the source and sink of CO2 respectivdy d
ue to the influence of vertical mixing; in Summer, the situation becomes the inv
erse due to biological activities.
Key words East China Sea; partial pressure of CO2; carbon c
ycle
海水中氨氮现场自动监测技术化学
工艺及试剂保存方法优化研究
海洋863项目(818010103)资助
收稿日期：19990408；修订日期：19990708
张国栋，男，1976年9月出生，硕士生。
张国栋 张曼平 李慧玲 秦延文
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 为了满足氨氮的水下现场自动分析的要求，作者对次
溴酸盐氧化法测定海水中氨
氮的规范分析方法进行了实验室系列条件优化；并通过对试剂保存方法的研究，解决了试剂
稳定性问题。通过这两方面的工作，保证了海水中氨氮测定方法能在水下现场自动分析仪上
顺利实现。
关键词 海水；氨氮；化学工艺优化；试剂稳定性自动监测。
中图法分类号 P734
Research of Optimization of Determination
Process and Reagent Stability for Auto
Analyzing Technology for Ammonia in Seawater
Zhang Guodong Zhang Manping Li Huiling Qin Yanwen
(College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qimgdao, 266003)
Abstract In order to meet the demand of autoanalyzing tec
hnology for ammonia in seawat
er, the routine ammonia analytical method(NaBrO oxidation process) was optimized
, and the stability of reagents was improved by study of preservation methods. T
he main optimizing measures are as follows: preserve Br2·H2O reserve liquid
and NaOH solution alone, and the oxidizer NaBrO will be produced by mixing thes
e two reagents as equal volume, and this method has little salt error. By this w
ork the miniaturization of analyzer and the automation of insitu determination
can be realized.
Key words Seawater; ammonia; optimization of determination; r
eagent stability.
海水和海洋沉积物中总N的测定
收稿日期：19990408；修订日期：19990712
王正方，男，1941年出生，研究员。
王正方 扈传昱 吕海燕
(国家海洋局第二海洋研究所，杭州，310012)
摘 要 系统介绍海水和海洋沉积物中总氮的测定方法
。作者选用过硫酸钾为氧化剂将有关
形式的氮转化成硝酸盐，将其还原成亚硝酸盐，连同原有的亚硝酸盐一起测定，获得海水和
海洋沉积物中总氮。该方法操作简单安全，精密度为4.7%，回收率为95%～104%，适于船上
操作。
关键词 海水；海洋沉积物；总氮；分析方法
中图法分类号 P734
A Method for Determining Total Nitrogen in
Sea Water and Marine Sediments
Wang Zhengfang Hu Chuanyi L
ü Haiyan(Second Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration，HangZou, 3
10012)
Abstract This paper presents the alkaline persulfate method
to determine total nitrogen by oxidation of all nitrogenous compounds to nitrat
e. The recovery of nitrate in the samples were 95%～104% and the relative standa
rd deviation was 0.36.
Key words sea water; marine sediment; TN; analytic method
鸭绿江口溶解态铝的行为国家自然科学基金课题(4937627
8和49525
609)资助收稿日期：19990408；修订日期：19990603任景玲，1973年2月出生
，硕士。
任景玲 吴 莹 王江涛 张 经
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 讨论1996年5月枯水期鸭绿江口溶解态铝的含
量及其分布特征。结果表明，鸭绿江口溶解态铝的含量介于0.81～3.56μmol/L之间；在河
海混合初期铝快速清除，其后则表现为与低浓度海水的简单混合。并认为河口中悬浮颗粒物
的吸附解吸作用与胶态和有机结合态铝的絮凝是造成鸭绿江口水体中铝清除的主要原因。
关键词 鸭绿江口；溶解态铝；清除型分布
中图法分类号 P734
The Behavior of Dissolved Aluminum
in the Yalujiang Estuary
Ren Jingling Wu Ying Wang Jiangtao Zhang Jing
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
The Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract Based on the samples collected in May 1996, this
study summarizes the levels and distributions of dissolved trace amount of alumi
num in the Yalujiang Estuary. The concentration range of dissolved aluminum in t
his estuary is 0.81～3.56μmol/L. The depletion of aluminum in the maximum turbi
d zone is found in the estuary. Adsorption and/or desorption process control the
concentration and distribution of aluminum in the estuary,the flocculation of d
issolved organic matter and colloids during the mixing of river water and seawat
er is another important removal mechanism for Al.
Key words Yalujiang Estuary; dissolved aluminum; nonconser
vative distribution
A Kinetic Study on the Formation of Alcohols over
a PreReduced MoNiK/C Catalyst
The project was partly sponsored by the Scientific Research
Foundation for the Retumed Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry.
Corresponding author: Li Xianguo. Tel: (0532)2032481; Email: lixg@mail.ouqd
.edu.cn
Li Xianguo Feng Lijuan
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao， 266003)
Abstract Empirical kinetic models describing t
he formation rates of alcohols
over a prereduced MoNiK/C catalyst have been developed based on a simplifi
ed reaction scheme. The study shows that the chemisorption of alcohol is the rat
elimiting step for the production of higher alcohls (i.e., those other than me
thanol). The apparent activation energies for the production of methanol, ethano
l, propanol and butanol are 45.00, 88.17, 49.93 and 56.92 kJ/mol respectivel
y.
Higher temperatures favor the formation of higher alcohols, especially ethanol.
Keywords kinetics; alcohol synthesis; prereduced; Mo
NiK catalyst; carbon support
预还原的 MoNiK/C 催化剂上
合成醇的动力学研究
教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金资助项目
收稿日期；19990408；修订日期：19990630
李先国，男，1965年9月出生，博士，教授。
李先国 冯丽娟
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 基于一种简化的反应网络，导出了描述预还原的 Mo
NiK/C 催化剂上合成醇
的经验动力学模型。研究结果表明，醇的化学吸附是生成更高一级醇的速度控制步骤(如：
甲醇的吸附是生成乙醇的速控步骤等)。生成甲醇、乙醇、丙醇和丁醇的表观活化能分别为4
5.00、88.17、49.93和 56.92kJ/mol，高温有利于高级醇(指C2或以上醇)，特别是乙醇的
生成。
关键词 动力学；合成醇；预还原；MoNiK 催化剂；碳载体
中图法分类号 O643
海洋沉积物中烃类化合物预处理条件优化及应用
国家杰出青年基金课题(45925609)资助
收稿日期：19990408；修订日期：19990721
李 斌，男，1973年11月出生 硕士生。
李 斌 李功勇 吴 莹
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 运用分辨率高、稳定性好的HP6890 毛细管气相色谱仪定性
、定量测定海洋沉积物中
的正构烷烃和多环芳烃。对沉积物样品的预处理中抽提、蒸发、柱层析、萃取等步骤条件进
行优化。优化方法中，正构烷烃系列化合物回收率为65%～76%，多环芳烃系列化合物为88%
～95%，标准偏差是2.7%～20.2%(n=3)
关键词 海洋沉积物：正构烷烃；多环芳烃；气相色谱法；预处
理
中图法分类号 P734
Optimization and Application of Preliminary Condition
of Hydrocarbon in Marine Sediments
Li Bin Li Gongyong Wu Ying
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract NALKs and PAHs in the marine sediments are deter
mined qualitatively
and quantitatively by HP6890 GC. The conditions of preprocess such as extract
ion, evaporation, and column separation of sediment samples are optimized. The r
ecovery of the compositions is in the range of 65～76% for nALKs and 88～95% f
or PAHs, the relative standard deviations are in the range of 2.7～20.2%(n=3).
Key words marine sediment; nALK; PAHs; GC; pretreatment
石墨中微量钼的测定
收稿日期：19990408；修订日期：19990602
杨淑海，男，1940年1月出生，副教授。
杨淑海 李 静 陈淑珠 陈晓熹
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 以萃取硫氰酸盐分光光度法测定超细石墨中微
量钼，
对石墨样的预处理方法、萃取介质酸度、萃取剂的组成及用量等实验条件进行了优化选择。
该方法测定石墨样品的微量钼的灵敏度为5μg/L。干法回收率95.3%，显法回收率为98.1%。
关键词 钼； 超细； 石墨； 萃取
中图法分类号 P734
Determination of Trace Molybdenum in Superfine
Graphite by Thiocyanate Extraction Spectrophotometry
Yang Shuhai Li Jing Chen Shuzhu Chen Xiaoxi
( College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstrat This paper presents the determination of trace moly
bdenum in superfine graphite samples by thiocyanateextraction spectrophotometr
y
. The experimental conditions such as the digestion method of samples, the acidi
ty of medium, the composition and amount of extract agent were tested and optimi
z
ed. The sensitivity of the method presented is 5.0 μg/L for molybdenum. The rec
overy of dry-and wet digestion of graphite samples is 95.3% and 98.1%, respectiv
ely
Key words Molybdenum; superfine graphite; thiocyanateextrac
tion spectrophotomtry
甲藻生长对水体中溶解有机碳(DOC)含量影响
国家自然科学基金课题(49606074)资助收稿日期：19990408
；修订日期：19990609付 强，男，1975年1月出生，硕士生。
付 强 谭丽菊 王江涛
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 于1998年5月～6月在温度18±1℃下培养甲藻，
以紫外/过硫酸钾氧化法测定培养过
程中藻液的溶解有机碳(DOC)含量变化。结果发现，在甲藻的指数生长期，DOC浓度和甲藻干
重呈线性关系。营养盐限制实验表明，海水中没有添加磷酸盐时，甲藻的干重增长得极其缓
慢，DOC为负增长。磷酸盐浓度越高，干重增长越快，DOC在培养时间内的累积量及平均增长
速率也越快。当磷酸盐浓度为10μmol/L时，藻细胞释放的DOC占光合作用碳合成总量的比例
最大。
关键词 甲藻，溶解有机碳，磷酸盐，释放速率
中图法分类号 P734
The Influence of Zooxanthella Microadriz
ticaGrowth on the Content of DissolvedOrganic Carbon in Water
Fu Qiang Tan Liju Wang Jiangtao
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Ocean University of Qingdao
, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract We incubated Zooxanthella microadriz tica at 1
8±1℃, and determined the change of DOC in the solution during its culture usin
g the UV/persulphate oxidation method. The results suggested that there was a li
near relationship between DOC and the weight of Zooxanthella microadriz tica
during the index stage of
its bloom. The experiment of the limitation of nutrient indicated that the incr
ease of weight of Zooxanthella microadriz tica was very slow and DOC increas
ed
negatively when there was no phosphate added. The more the phosphate was added,
the more rapidly Zooxanthella microadriz tica increased. And the accumulati
on a
nd releasing velocity of DOC was more rapid also. When the concentration of phos
phate was 10μmol/L，the proportion of DOC released from Zooxanthella microadr
iz tica cells to the whole compounded carbon of photosynthesis was the highest
, i.
e., a rise or reduction of phosphate could decline the releasing proportion of
DOC
Key words Zooxanthella microadriz tica；dissolved organic
carbon; phosphate; releasing velocity
2，6二氯苯酚的催化氯化合成
收稿日期：19990408；修订日期：19990708
钱佐国，男，1936年2月出生，教授。
钱佐国 孙明昆 蔡月琴 崔伟
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 报道一种在区域选择性催化剂存在下，以2
氯苯酚直接氯化合成2，6二氯苯酚的方法。该法具有合成工艺简单和产率较高等特点。
关键词 2，6二氯苯酚；2氯苯酚；催化氯化
中图法分类号 P734
Synthesis of 2,6Dichlorophenol by Catalytic Chlorination
Qian Zuoguo Sun Mingkun Cai yueqin Cui wei
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract A procedure for synthesizing 2, 6dichlorop
henol by chlorinating 2chlorophen
ol with chlorine in the presence of the regioselective catalyst is reported. It
is characterized by unsophisticated processing and high yield.
Key words 2, 6dichlorophenol; 2chlorophenol; catalytic ch
lorination
研究简报
均相沉淀法制备Ni(OH)2和NiO纳米晶
青岛海洋大学青年基金资助项目
收稿日期：19990408；修订日期：19990531
高荣杰，男，1968年11月出生，博士，讲师。
高荣杰 杜 敏 陆小兰 马宏伟
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要
以NiSO4·6H2O为主要原料、以CO(NH2)2为沉淀剂，采用均相沉淀法合
成了纳米级Ni(OH)2和NiO粉末，用X射线衍射分析(XRD)、差热分析(DTA)等实验手段
对样品的热稳定性、相转变温度、相结构和粒子形状等进行了表征。结果表明所合成的Ni
O粉末的粒径约为6nm，且基本成球形。
关键词 纳米晶；氧化镍(NiO)；均相沉淀法
中图法分类号 P734
Preparation of Nanostallined Ni(OH)2 and NiO by Homophase Deposition
Gao Rongjie Du Min Lu XiaoLan Ma Hongwei
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract Ni(OH)2 and NiO nanostallined materials were pre
pared
from NiSO4 and CO(NH2)2 by the homophase deposition method. XRD and
DTA
examinations were used to characterize the samples. The spherical nanostallined
particle NiO has an average size of 6nm.
Key words Nanostallined; NiO; homophase deposition
一种适应性强的大型油田钻井液
——SQ高温高压油气井无固机无机钻井液的研制
收稿日期：19990620；修订日期：19990901
李兰生，男，1947年10月出生，高工。
李兰生 范瑞青 范典高 高澜
(青岛海洋大学，青岛，266003)
岳江河 段致平
(渤海石油公司，天津，300452)
薛玉志
(胜利石油管理局钻井工艺研究院，东营，257017)
黄桂桥
(治金部钢铁研究总院青岛海洋腐蚀研究所，青岛，266071)
摘 要 SQ高温高压无固相无相钻井液是一种由加重剂
、粘度调节剂、缓蚀剂和除氧剂组成的无机钻井液，它对储层渗透率的恢复值高(比现有的
钻井液高出10%～13%)，具有腐蚀性弱(0.049mm/a)、与地下水和CO2等混合后不产生沉
淀、
耐高温(＞80℃)、密度高(1.51～1.70g/cm3)等特性，故对油气层和机械设备具有良好的保
护作用，是一种应性强的大型油田钻井液。
关键词 大型油田；无固相；无机钻井液；渗透恢复率；岩芯
中图法分类号 P734
Studies on New Type of High Inorganic
SolidFree Drilling Fluid for High
Temperature and Pressure Gas Oil Well
Li Lansheng Fan Diangao Fan Ruiqing Gao Lan
(Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Yue Jianghe Duan Zhiping
(Bo Hai Oil Field, Tian jin, 300452)
Xue Yuzhi
(Sheng Li oil Field, Dongying, 257017)
Huang Gui qiao
(Qingdao Research Institute for Marine Corrosion, Qingdao, 266071)
Abstract A new type of inorganic solidfree drilling fluid
system for high temperature and pressure gas oil well was made up with high den
sity agents and other agents. It can increase the permeability recovery by 101
3% compared with the existing system in reservoir protection. It can prevent co
rrosion of equipemnt underwell. It does not lead to sedimentation when mixed wit
h underground water, seawater and co2. It can work at temperatures higher than
80℃. Its density ranges 1.51～1.70g/cm3
Key words large oilfield new type solidefree; inorganic d
rilling fluid; ratio of permeability recovery; core of rock.
碳担载钼基催化剂的性质研究教育部留学回国人员科研启动
基金资助项目。收稿日期：19990408；修订日期：19990630
冯丽娟，女，1964年1月出生，博士。
冯丽娟 李先国 褚金芳 李春海 张力军 谢式南
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 利用差热分析(DTA)和程序升温还原(TPR)技术
研究了活性炭担载钼基催化剂在制备
和预处理过程中的性质变化。DTA结果表明，催化剂在焙烧过程中产生了新相，这种新相与
活性组分和载体间的相互作用有关，助剂K和Ni的引入对这种相互作用有明显的影响。K/C样
品的TPR结果表明，K本身不被还原，但它可以改变催化剂中其它物种的还原行为。C担载Mo
基催化剂的TPR谱一般由四个正峰和一个负峰组成，正峰归属为不同Mo物种和载体本身(包括
其中的某些杂质)的还原，负峰则归属于氧化的C载体表面脱附出的CO,Mo担载到活性炭上后
变得更加难还原了。K的引入大大促进了低温下可还原Mo物种(主要是八面体Mo)的形成，而
抑制了那些仅在高温下才能被还原的Mo物种(主要是四面体Mo)的产生。这可能是影响催化剂
在CO加氢反应中的选择性的一个重要因素。
关键词 钼基催化剂；活性炭载体；差热分析；程序升温还原
中图法分类号 O643
A Study on the Properties of CarbonSupported
MolybdenumBased Catalysts The project was partl
y sponsored by the Scientific Research Fou
ndation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry.
Corresponding author: Feng Lijuan. Tel: (0532)2032481; Email: lixg＠mail.ouqd.
edu.cn
Feng Lijuan Li Xianguo Chu Jinfang Li Chunhai Zhang Liju
n Xie Shinan
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003)
Abstract Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) and Temperatur
e Programmed Reduct
ion (TPR) techniques have been employed to study the property change of the carb
onsupported molybdenumbased catalysts during the preparation and pretreatmen
t process. It is shown from the DTA results that a new phase, which is related t
o the interaction between the active component and the support, may be formed du
ring the calcination of the Csupported Mo catalyst. The introduction of the K
and Ni promoters has noticeable effects on the interaction. The TPR results from
the K/C samples indicate that K is not itself reduced, but it may modify the re
d
uction behavior of other metal compounds. The TPR spectra of Csupported Moba
sed catalysts generally consist of four positive peaks and one negative peak. Th
e positive peaks are attributed to the reduction of different Mo species and the
support itself (including some of its impurities). The negative peak is contrib
uted to CO desorption from the surface of the oxidized carbon support. The Mo is
more difficult to be reduced after being supported onto the carbon support. The
introduction of K greatly promotes the formation of Mo species reducible at rel
atively low temperatures while it retards the generation of Mo species that are
reducible only at high temperatures. This may be an important reason that is res
ponsible for the selectivity of the catalysts in CO hydrogenation.
Key words Molybdenumbased catalyst; carbon support; differe
ntial thermal analysis; temperature programmed reduction
反相色谱法测定调味品中过氧化苯甲酰及苯甲酸含量
收稿日期：19990620；修订日期：19990901
李兰生，男，1947年10月出生，高工。
李兰生
(青岛海洋大学，青岛，266003)
摘 要 调味品中含有过量的过氧化苯甲酰及苯甲酸，
超出了食品添加标准，会对人体健
康产生危害。研究运用反相色谱法对上述两种物质进行了定性、定量测定，两组分测定结果
(1)相关系数为R(1)=0.9995，浓度范围为166.7ml/L至333.33mg/L之间；(2)R
(2)
=0.9997，浓度范围在166.7mg/L至333.33mg/L之间，回收率分别为，(1)100.00%，回
收率(2)99.98%，测定方法迅速、准确。
关键词 过氧化苯甲酰，苯甲酸，调味品，反相色谱
中图法分类号 P734
Determination of Benzoy1 Peroxide and Benzoic
Acid in Flavouring by Reversed Phase
Liquid Chromatography
Li Lansheng
(Qcean University Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract Benzoy1 peroxide and Benzoic acid are added into f
lavouring as a pres
ervative. If they are above the quota they would impact human health. They are d
etermined by reversed phase Liquid chromatography. Results: Benzoyl peroxide R
1=0.9995; concentration ranges: 166.7mg/L ～333.33mg/L; Recovery=100.04%; Benzoi
c acid R2=0.9997; conentration ranges: 166.7mg/L～333.33mg/L; Recovery=99.98%. T
his determination method is exact and rapid.
Key words benzogl peroxide; benzoic acid; flavouring; RPLC
L抗坏血酸2磷酸酯镁的合成
收稿日期：19990118；修订日期：19990818
黄金钊，男，1971年9月出生，硕士，工程师。
黄金钊 马延军 孙明昆 钱佐国
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 以L抗坏血酸为基本原料合成L抗坏血酸
2磷酸酯镁。对两种合成方法直接酰化法和基团保护法作实验比较和改进。直接酰化法
中，采用混合碱(包括氧化镁)可使磷酰化与成盐反应合并为一步进行，并能提高产率，而采
用基团保护法能取得最佳的合成效果。
关键词 L抗坏血酸；L抗坏血酸2磷酸酯镁；5，60
异丙叉L抗坏血酸；合成
中图法分类号 P734
Synthesis of Magnesium Lascorbic Acid 2Phosphat
e
Huang Jinzhao* Ma Yanjun Sun Mingkun Qian Zuoguo
(Colllege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract Two routes for the preparation of title compound f
rom Lascorbic acid were compared and improved. In the direct phosphorylation m
ethod, using mixed alkaline including MgO as catalyst, the synthesis can be achi
eved by one step with high yield. The best result was obtained by the group prot
ection method.
Key words Lascorbic acid; magnesium Lascorbic acid 2pho
sphate; 5,6OisopropylideneLascorbic acid; synthesis
导电涂料性能的研究
收稿日期：19990408；修订日期：19990721
邓安平，男，1962年2月出生，博士，副教授。
邓安平1 杜恒清2 陈世山2 哈正欣1
(1青岛海洋大学，青岛，266003；2 山东省进出口商品检验局，
青岛，266002)
摘 要 实验研究几种基料配比和不同导电填料(铜或石
墨)在导电性能方面的差异，探讨了导电涂料的导电机理，并研究了不同石墨粒径对涂层导
电率的影响。
关键词 导电材料；涂料；石墨；涂层电阻率
中图法分类号 P734
Study on Conductive Paints
Deng Anping1 Du Hengqing2 Chen Shishan2 Ha Zhengxi
n1
(1 Ocean UniversityOf Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003,2
Shandong CCIB, 266002)
Abstract The differences in the conductivity capabilities o
f several base mate
rials and various conductive materials are studied. The mechanisms of conductive
paints are discussed. The influences of conductive materials on the conductivit
y of the coats are also studied.
Key words conductive materials; paints; graphite; conductivit
y
The Synthesis of βDXylopyranosides of
2Substituted5Fluorouracil
Zhang Jianguo Wang Duo Zhang Guodong
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of Qi
ngdao, 266003)
Sun Changjun Qi Yixin
(Department of Chemistry, Shangdong University, Jinan, 250100)
Abstract The 11 new βDxylopyranosides of
2substituted5fluorouracil were synthesized by phase transfer catalysis or
koenigsknow's reaction. The structures were confirmed by IR spectra, 1 H NMR
，MS or elem
entary analysis. The preliminary results of the in vitro tests on KB tumor cells
showed that some of them are of certain antitumor activities.
Key words 5Fluorouracil, KoenigsKnorr's reaction,
phase transfer catalysis, antitumor compound.
2取代5氟脲嘧啶的βD木糖苷的合成
收稿日期：19990408；修订日期：19990708
张建国，男，1970年8月出生，硕士，讲师。
张建国 王铎 张国栋
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
孙昌俊 戚聿新
(山东大学化学系，济南，260005)
摘 要 通过相转移催化法或koenigsknorr's
反应合成了11种未见文献报道的2取代
5氟尿嘧啶的βD木糖苷，结构经IR、HNMR、MS或元素分析证实，初步生物实验表明
具有一定程度的抗癌性。
关键词 5氯脲嘧啶；koeningknorr’反应；相转移催化；抗
癌化合物
中图法分类号 0621.3