综述
分层海洋中运动物体生成的内波
徐肇廷1，2姚凤朝1 隋红波1
(1青岛海洋大学物理海洋实验室和物理海洋研究所，青岛，266003)
(2海洋科学与数值模拟国家海洋局重点实验室，青岛，266061)
摘 要:该文提供分层海洋中运动物体生成内波的 理论、数值和实验研究的背景资料的综述，并给出理论研究的Green函数、正交模态模式和 极 点回避等方法的评述。数值研究给出数值求解Wronsky行列式的源求解方法及介绍直接差分 计算含源内波方程和积分方程的方法。有关源致内波的实验研究，作者介绍物体在分层流水 槽运动时生成内波的两个典型实验及其主要实验结果。最后评述船舶在海洋表面处生成表 面波的研究方法，以此指导水下Rankine卵形体生成内波的实验研究。
关键词:分层海洋；内波；波阻；内波实验室实验
中图法分类号 P731.2 文章编号1001-1862-(2001)04-461-06
Internal Waves Generated by Moving Body in the Stratified Ocean
Xu Zhaoting 1，2Yao Fengchao 1Sui Hongbo 1
(1 Institute of Physical Oceanography
and Physical Oceanography Laboratory,
Ocean University of Qingdao 266003, China)
(2 Key Lab of Marine Science and numerical modeling, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China)
Abstract A summary on the theoretical, numerical and experiment al background materials of internal waves generated by the moving body in stratified ocean is made in present paper. The Green function method, Normal mode decomeposition and pole avoidance in the theoretical study is given in this paper. T he solution of Wronskian determinant, the solution method of source in the numerical calculation are summarized, and the direct difference computation of intern al wave equation with the source and the integral equation method are also introduced. In the experimental studies of internal waves generated by submerged source, two typical experiments in tanks of the stratified flow and some significant experimental results are reviewed. Finally, the experimental methods of the surfaceship waves is introduced to lead to the experimental researches of internal waves generated by submarine Ranine ovoid in the stratified fluid.
Key words stratified ocean; internal wave; wave resistance; lab oratory experiment of internal waves
南海季风区地域性大气环流的结构
周发琇张 涛 高荣珍
(青岛海洋大学海洋环境学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 作者使用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料，在热带30°S--30°N纬带用谐波分析方法分离出超长波之后，再采用环流诊断方法，发现南海季风区存 在地域性环流系统。文中给出冬、夏季风期该系统的三维空间结构和相应的热源分布，讨论 了该地域性环流系统对南海季风气候及其异常的作用，并探讨夏季风爆发北部先于南部的一 种可能的气候原因。
关键词 南海季风区；地域性环流；结构
中图法分类号 P737.7 文章编号1001-18 62(2001)04-467-06
Structure of Regional Atmospheric Circulati on in the South China Sea Monsoon Region
Zhou FaxiuZhang TaoGao Rongzhen
(College of Physical and Environmental Oceanography,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract Based on NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and harmonic analys is method, extralong waves have been separated out from the latitudinal zone o f 30°S-30°N. The results show that a regional circulation system exists in the monsoon region of the South China Sea (SCS). The 3dimensional spatial structure and the distribution of heat source of the system revealed in this paper, according to which, the monsoon climate of the SCS and its abnormal effect are discussed. In addition, we explain the reason why the summer monsoon breaks out earlier in the north of the SCS, while later in the south.
Key words SCS monsoon region; regional atmospheric circulation; structure
Establishment of A 3D Model for Oil Spill Prediction
Lou Angang(娄安刚)Wu Dexing(吴德星)Wang Xuechang(王学昌)Xi Pangen(奚盘根)
(The Environmental Science and Engineering Academy, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract A comprehensive model of the dynamic, threedimensional physical fates and transport of oil spill is presented. The model consist s of a set of algorithms, describing the processes of advection, turbulent diffusion, surface spreading, vertical dispersion, emulsification and evaporation. Each algorithm is developed separately and is linked to related processes and to environmental and other parameters. The model requires input of the velocity field of the transporting medium. The velocity field can be obtained from a threedimensional hydrodynamic model for tidal and winddriven currents for the region of interest. The model can be used to forecast and hindcast the fate and transport of an oil spill in a marine environment and can be employed for oil spill re sponse and environmental impact assessment.
Key words 3 D Oil Spill model; advection; dispersion; emulsification; evaporation
三维海洋溢油预测模型的建立
娄安刚 吴德星 王学昌 奚盘根
（青岛海洋大学环境与工程研究院，青岛，266003）
摘 要 提出一个海洋溢油三维物理归宿和输运的动 力学综合模型。该模型包含了一系列的数学公式来描述对流、湍扩散、表面扩展、铅直扩散 、乳化和蒸发过程。每一公式的建立是独立的并且与相关过程、环境和其它参数相联系。该 模型需要输入流场作为输运的媒介，这可从感兴趣区域的三维潮和风驱动的流体动力学模型 获得。模型用来预测和后报溢油在海洋环境中的归宿和输移，可为溢油应急反应和环境影响 评价服务。
关键词 三维溢油模型；对流；扩展；乳化；蒸发
中图法分类号 P76 文章编号1001-1862-(2001)04-473-07
Application of Imposex as a Biomonitor of Tributyltin Pollution
Li Zhengyan (李正炎)
(Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract The use and environmental impacts of tribulyltin (TBT) were reviewed. The incidence of imposex，the superimposition of male sexual characteristics onto females due to TBT pollution, was summarized. The application of imposex as a biological monitor of TBT contamination was discussed. A case study of such
application in Hong Kong was presented and a comparison in imposex levels between Hong Kong and elsewhere in the world was made.
Key words imposex; biomonitor; tributyltin; pollution
性畸变在三丁基锡污染的生物监测中的应用
李正炎
（青岛海洋大学环境科学与工程研究院, 青岛, 266003）
摘 要 该文概述三丁基锡在海洋防附着涂料中的应用及其环境效应 ，综述因TBT污染而导致某些螺类雌性个体中发育出雄性性征的性畸变现象发生情况，探讨 性畸变在TBT污染生物监测中的应用。并以香港地区性畸变的发生为例，论证性畸变在生物 监测中的应用，同时比较香港及世界其他地区性畸变的程度。
关键词 性畸变；生物监测；三丁基锡；污染 文章编号 1001-1862(2001)04-480-07
渤海初级生产力的若干理化影响因子初步分析
高会旺1 杨 华1 张英娟1 卢 筠2
(1 青岛海洋大学环境科学与工程研究院，青岛，266003)
(2 天津工业大学， 天津，300000)
摘 要 根据文献资料分析了辐射、温度、透明度和 营养盐浓度等影响渤海初级生产力的主要理化因素，定量给出了它们的相关程度。这些因子 与初级生产力之间的线性相关系数约为0.5~0.8, 且以透明度与初级生产力的相关性最好。 然后利用一个简单的海洋生态系统动力学模式，进一步讨论了物理和化学强迫对渤海初级生 产力的影响。物理和化学环境的改变不仅能影响初级生产力的大小，也决定了其时间变化特 征。
关键词 渤海；初级生产力；理化影响因子；动力学模式
中图法分类号 X17 文章编号1001-1862(2001)04-487-08
A Preliminary Study on Factors Affecting the Primary Production in the Bohai Sea
Gao Huiwang1 Yang Hua1 Zhang
Yingjuan1 Lu Jun2
(1 Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China) (2 Tianjin Industrial University, Tianjin 300000, China)
Abstract Based on the data collected from the field observation s, the main factors affecting the primary production in the Bohai Sea are analyzed, and they are water transparency, temperature, concentrations of nutrient and incident radiation. The linear correlation coefficients between these factors a n d primary production are about 0.5 to 0.8 while the correlation coefficient of transparency and primary production is the largest. Then a simple NPZD biological model is used to study the roles of physical and chemical factors (transparency , temperature, incident radiation and the concentrations of nutrient) in the primary production. It is shown that physical and chemical factors may change the primary production in the Bohai Sea and control its monthly variation.
Key words Bohai Sea; primary production; affecting factors；dynamic model
综述
褐牙鲆（Paralichthys olivaceus）受精卵及仔稚鱼生理生态学研究进展
张秀梅 朱 杰 高天翔 柳广东
(青岛海洋大学水产学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 作者综述近年来国内外在褐牙鲆受精卵及 仔稚鱼的发育、行为及理化环境对其生理 生态的影响等方面的研究进展。着重介绍在人工养殖环境中，水温、盐度、水质、光照等 环 境因素的变化对褐牙鲆卵的孵化及仔稚鱼的发育和行为所产生的影响,以及褐牙鲆仔稚鱼不 同发育阶段对各种理化环境的耐受范围和阈值。探讨人工种苗和天然种苗在形态发育及行 为等方面的差异，对今后褐牙鲆的集约化健康养殖提出了几点建议。 关键词褐牙鲆；受精卵；仔稚鱼；生理；生态
中图法分类号 S931.1 文章编号1001-1862 (2001)04-495-06
Advances in Physiological and Ecological Studies on Eggs, Larvae and Juveniles of Paralichthys olivaceus
Zhang XiumeiZhu JieGao TianxiangLiu Guangdong
(Fishery College, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract In this paper, the advances in the physiological and ecological studies on the fertilized eggs, larvae and juveniles of Paralichthys olivaceus were reviewed. This review was mainly focused on the effects of various environmental factors, such as water temperature, solidity, quality of water, photoperiod and light intensity, on the hatching of eggs, development and behaviors of the larvae and juveniles. The environmental tolerance of larvae and juveniles obtained were also summarized. The differences in the development and be haviors between cultured fish and wild fish were discussed. Based on this review , some suggestions were made for the future studies.
Key wordsParalichthys olivaceus; fertilized eggs; larvae and juveniles; physiology; ecology
研究简报
太平洋牡蛎精子形成的研究
任素莲 王德秀 绳秀珍 王如才
（青岛海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室，青岛，266003）
姜 明 刘晓云
（青岛海洋大学测试中心电镜室，青岛，266003）
摘 要 透射电镜下研究了太平洋牡蛎(Crassostre a gigas Thunberg)的精子形成过程。精子细胞中含有前顶体颗粒、线粒体、高尔基体、 中心粒等多种细胞结构，线粒体、前顶体颗粒的数量较多。在精子形成过程中，前顶体颗粒 逐渐汇集、愈合成顶体泡，顶体泡覆盖在细胞核的一端逐渐发育为顶体；线粒体则向顶体相 反的方向移动，最后移到核后端形成4个较大的线粒体球；中心粒移到核后端由远端中心粒 形成轴丝；细胞核发生致密，形态发生变化，最后形成杯状的精子核；多余的细胞质被抛弃 。
关键词 太平洋牡蛎；精子形成；顶体
中图法分类号 S96 文章编号1001-1862 (2001)04-501-05
Studies on Spermiogensis of the Pacific
Oyster,Crassostrea gigas Thunberg
Ren Sulian Wang Dexiu Sheng Xiuzhen Wang Rucai
（The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao
266003, China)
Jiang Ming Liu Xiaoyun
(Test center, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract The spermiogensis of pacific oyster, Grassostrea gig as was studied with electron microscope. Spermatid consisted of proacrosomal granules, mitochondria, golgi body, centriole and many other organelles. There are plenty of proacrosomal granules and mitochondriaes inspermatid. At the stage of metamorphosis, proacrosomal granules gathered and cicatrized gradually and formed a bigger acrosomal vesicle, which covered at the anterior part of nucleus and formed cap shaped acrosome. Mitochondria gathered reverse with proacrosomal granules and fused with 4 bigger globeshaped mitochondria. Centriole moved to post end of nucleus and formed axoneme by the distal centriloe. The nucleus condensed. its size reduced gradually and changed into a cup shape in the end. Golgi body and redundant cytoplasm went down the drain at last.
Key words Crassostrea gigas； spermiogensis; acrosome
日本盘鲍×皱纹盘鲍子代杂种优势的RAPD分析
万俊芬 汪小龙 潘 洁 李 冰 李 祯 包振民
（青岛海洋大学，青岛，266003）
燕敬平 方建光
（中国水产科学院黄海水产研究所，青岛，266071）
摘 要 本文通过对日本盘鲍（D）、皱纹盘鲍（H）及其二 者的正反杂交子代D♀×H♂(DH)、D♂×H♀ (HD)四样本的基因组DNA进行RAPD标记分析。探 讨了杂种优势产生的分子遗传机制 。从40个随机引物（OPK, OPV系列）中筛选出12个引物进行扩增，共得到113条清晰稳定的 扩增带，多态率占43.3%。其中四群体各有其特异扩增位点。另外D与DH，H与HD及 D与DH，H D等间亦存在共享片段。四群体内相似性指数各自为0.798(H)、0.799(D)、0.777(HD)、0.78 8(DH)。可见正反杂交子代群体内相似性指数皆低于两亲本，这表明杂种子代基因组发生的 变异更大些。皱纹盘鲍与其正反杂交子代的相对遗传距离分别为0.076,0.095,而日本盘鲍与 其正反杂交子代的相对遗传距离分别为0.031,0.033,前者明显大于后者，这表明杂交子代与 两亲本的遗传距离不是对等的，而是更偏向日本盘鲍。
关键词 日本盘鲍；皱纹盘鲍；杂种优势；杂交；随机扩增多态性DNA(R APD)
中图法分类号 S944.4+5;Q321.+2 文章编号 1001-1862(2001)04-506-07
RAPD Analysis of the Genetic Change in Parent Abalone and Their Hybrids
Wan Junfen Wang Xiaolong Pan Jie Li Bing Li Zhen Bao Zhenmin
(Ocean Univercity of Qingdao, Qingdao
266003, China)
Yan Jingping Fang Jianguang
（Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Qingdao 266071, China ）
Abstract To study the heterosis ofHaliotis discus discus(D ) and H.discus hannai Ino ,the genome of D,H and their reciprocal hybrids(DH ,HD)were analyzed with the RAPD method. Twelve random primers (selected from for ty primers of OPK series and OPV series) were used to amplify the genomic DNA of these four kind of abalone, 113 bands were produced and the frequency of polymorphism accoutered for 43.3%. There were special bands in each kind of abalone an d common bands between two and three kinds of abalone. The inter population similarity indexes were 0.798(H), 0.799(D), 0.776(HD) and 0.788(DH) respectively, which showed greater variation in the kinds of hybrids. And the genetic distance was 0.076 between H and HD and was 0.095 between H and DH, while it was 0.031 be tween D and DH and 0.033 between D and HD, which indicated that the genetic dist ances were not equal between the hybrids and the two parents, but were more simiar to Haliotis discus discus.
Key wordsHaliotis discus discus; H.discus hannai Ino; hete rosis; hybrid; RAPD
盐碱水NaCl浓度和碱度对银鲫（Carassius auratus gibelio）幼鱼毒性的初步研究
郑伟刚 张兆琪 张美昭 董双林
（青岛海洋大学教育部水产养殖重点实验室，青岛，266003）
摘 要 通过对银鲫（Carassius auratus gibelio ） 幼鱼（L=3.56±0.28cm）的NaCl浓度（pH=8.80±0.10）及碱度（pH=8.84±0.26）的急性毒 性试验，用概率单位法求得其24，48，96h的半致死浓度（LC50值）:NaCl浓度分别为 11.53、10.77、8.58g/L；碱度分别为98.74、79.49、64.19mmol/L 。在此基础上采用水生 毒理联合效应相加指数法进行了氯化钠与碳酸氢钠浓度的联合毒性实验(浓度=1:1)，结果在 96h内二者的关系全部为协同作用, 且其协同性逐渐减弱并趋向于相加作用。
关键词 NaCl浓度；碱度；联合毒性；银鲫
中图法分类号S965；S965.117文章编号 1001-1862(2001)04-513-05
Toxicity of Salinity And Alkalinity to C. auratus gibelio Fingerlings
Zheng Weigang Zhang Zhaoqi Zhang Meizhao
（Aquaculture Research Laboratory, Ocean university of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003 ，China）
Abstract Acute toxic experiments were carried out to test the tolerance of C. auratus gibelio fingerlings to salinity and alkalinity. The media n lethal concentrations (LC50values) of NaCl （pH=8.80±0.10）to C.aura tus gibelio fingerlings were 11.53g/L, 10.77g/L and 8.58g/L in 24h 48h an d 96h; and 98.74,79.49 and 64.19 mmol/L of ALK（pH=8.84±0.26）to C.auratus gibelio in 24h,48h and 96h.
Based on the results obtained, marking additive index (AI) was adopted when jo inttoxicity experiments were conducted to investigate the relationship between salinity and alkalinity toxicity to freshwater fishes. All of the effects were synergism in 96 hours, but the synergism effects wear off and tend to be addition.
Key words salinity; alkalinity; joint toxicity; C.auratus gibelio
技术报告
利用咖啡因和热休克诱导太平洋牡蛎三倍体
于瑞海 王昭萍 田传远 王如才
(青岛海洋大学水产学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 报道采用咖啡因和热休克相结合的方法，抑制 受 精卵第二极体释放诱导太平洋牡蛎三倍体的优化方案。实验结果表明，三倍体诱导率随着咖 啡因浓度的增高而增高，D形幼虫的孵化率却随着咖啡因浓度的增高而降低；所进行30-36℃ 热休克温度试验，其对三倍体诱导率影响不大，但对孵化率影响明显。在23-25℃条件下， 当50%受精卵出现第一极体时，用浓度为2g/L的咖啡因，结合33℃±1℃的热休克，处理牡蛎 受精卵15min，三倍体诱导率达80%以上，孵化率在45%左右。通过此法诱导的三倍体群幼虫 的成活与生长情况与其二倍体群体无明显差异。
关键词 太平洋牡蛎; 咖啡因; 热休克; 三倍体诱导
中图法分类号S968.3；Q132.4+3 文章编号 1001-1862(2001)04-518-05
Induced Triploid in the Pacific Oyster Using Caffeine Combined with Thermal Shock
Yu RuihaiWang ZhaopingWang RucaiTian Chuanyuan
(College of Fisheries，Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003)
Abstract Triploidy was induced in Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas using caffeine combined with thermal shock and the optimal treatment was investigated. The triploid rate increased while the hatching rate of Dshaped larvae decreased with the increase of the concentration of caffeine used. The temperature of thermal shock had less effect on triploid rate but more on hatching r ate. The optimal concentration of caffeine and temperature of thermal shock were 2g/L and (33±1)℃ respectively. Treating eggs for 15min under the optimal treatment when 50% eggs showed that polar body I at 23~25℃ could yield over 80% of tri ploid rate and about 45% of hatching rate of Dshaped larvae. There was no significant difference in survival and growth between triploid larvae and its control group.
Key words Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas); caffeine; heat shock; triploidy; induction
氯化钠和碱度对罗氏沼虾仔虾的毒性研究
王桂春 张兆琪 董双林 陈兆波 张美昭
(青岛海洋大学水产养殖开放研究实验室，青岛，266003)
摘 要 实验研究氯化钠、碱度对罗氏沼虾仔虾的急 性毒性作用。用概率单位法求出了其氯 化钠24、48、72、96h的半致死浓度分别为8.58、 5.32、 3.47、 2.19g/L；碱度的24、48 、7 2、96h半致死浓度分别为51.02、 37.07、 27.19、 21.54mmol/L。对氯化钠和碱度混合作 用的 结果进行的方差分析表明，氯化钠和碱度对仔虾的死亡率影响显著，而两者的交互作用不显 著。碱度(ALK)与罗氏沼虾仔虾氯化钠24、48h LC 50 (S)关系式分别为S=-0.1278ALK+9 .2346， S=-0.0715ALK+5.5301。
关键词 罗氏沼虾；仔虾；氯化钠；碱度；半致死浓度
中图法分类号 S912；X174 文章编号1001-1862-(2001)04-523-06
Studies of Toxicity of NaCl and Alkalinity to Post Larval M.rosenbergii
Wang GuichunZhang ZhaoqiDong ShuanglinChen ZhaoboZhang Meizhao
(Ocean university of Qingdao Open Research Lab on Aquaculture, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract The toxic effects of NaCl and al kalinity on postlarval M.rosenbergiiare studied. The results show that the 24, 48, 72 and 96 hour LC50values are 8.58, 5.32, 3.47, and 2.19g/L for NaCl, and 51.02, 3 7.07, 27.19, and 21.54mmol/L for alkalinity, respectively. The mixing experiment leads, to the following results: Both NaCl and alkalinity have significant effects on mortality while the NaCl×alkalinity interaction is not significant (P＜0. 05). The relationship between alkalinity (ALK) and LC50 values of NaCl(S) in 24 and 48hour are S=-0.1278ALK+9.2346 and S=-0.0715ALK+5.5301.
Key wordsMacrobrochium rosenbergii; postlarvae; NaCl; alka linity; median lethal concentration
Hydrolysis of Heparinase Ⅰ to Synthetic HeparinPentasaccharide and Effect on its Anti-factor Xa Activity
Yu Guangli (于广利)1Guan Huashi (管华 诗)1 Robert J. Linhardt2 Jawed Fareed3
(1 Institute of marine Drugs and Foods,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
(2
Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, University of Iowa, IA
52242, USA)
(3 Department of Pathology and Pharmacology, Loyola University Medical Center, IL 60153, USA)
Abstract The hydrolysis of Heparinase I (from Flavobacte rium heparinase, EC 4.2.2.7) to synthetic heparinpentasaccharide (SHP) which contained an anti-thrombin III binding site was examined. The kinetics of this reaction was studied and the products were separated by strong anion exchange high per formance liquid chromatography (SAXHPLC). The structure of disaccharide and trisaccharide derived from SHP were confirmed by NMR and MS techniques. The experiment results showed that, heparinase I, which currently is used as a heparin reversal agent, can also reverses this synthetic pentasaccharide and make it losing its antifactor Xa activity.
Key words heparinase I; synthetic heparinpentasaccharide (SHP); anti-factor Xa activity
肝素酶Ⅰ对合成的肝素五糖的酶解作用及对其抗Xa因子活性的影响
于广利1 管华诗1 Robert J. Linhardt2 Jawed Fareed3
(1 青岛海洋大学海洋药物与食品研究所，青岛，266003)
(2 Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, University of Iowa, IA 52242, USA)
(3 Department of Pathology and Pharmacology, Loyola University Medical Center, IL 60153, USA)
摘 要 研究肝素酶Ⅰ(来源于Flavobacterum heparinase ，EC4.2.2.7 )对人工合成的且含有与抗凝血酶Ⅲ特定结合位点的肝素五糖(SHP) 的酶解作用，并对酶解 作 用的动力学进行研究。利用强阴离子高效液相色谱(SAXHPLC)对酶解混合物进行分离，利 用质谱( ESIMS)和核磁共振波谱(1HNMR)技术对得到的二糖和三糖的结构进行确证。研究结果表 明，这种被作为肝素反向试剂的肝素酶Ⅰ可水解人工所合成的肝素五糖，从而使之丧失抗Xa 因子活性。
关键词 肝素酶Ⅰ(Heparinase Ⅰ); 合成肝素五糖 (SHP); 抗Xa 因子活性
中图法分类号R282.77 文章编号1001-1862(2001)04-529-07
新型抗脑缺血海洋新药989作用机理的初步探讨
辛现良 耿美玉 戚 欣 管华诗
(青岛海洋大学海洋药物与食品研究所，青岛，266003)
摘 要 研究了新型抗脑缺血海洋药物989对血小板聚集的影响。结 果发现，989静 脉注射可明显抑制胶原和花生四烯酸诱导的大鼠血小板聚集，对动脉血栓和静脉血栓的形成 均有明显抑制作用；并能延迟激光致小鼠肠系膜微血栓出现时间及降低花生四烯酸致小鼠肺 栓塞的死亡率。提示989的抗脑缺血作用与其抑制血小板聚集和粘附有关。
关键词 硫酸多糖类989；血小板聚集；血小板粘附；血栓
中图法分类号R931.77 文章编号1001-1862(2001 )04-536-05
Study on the Action Mechanism of a New Type Anti-cerebral Ischemia Marine Drug 989
Xin XianliangGeng MeiyuQi XinGuan Huashi
(Department of Marine Pharmacology,Marine Drug and Food Institute,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003，China)
Abstract The action mechanism of 989, a kind of marine polysaccharides extracted from marine living organisms by enzymatic fractionation and specific modification, against cerebral ischemia were studied in this paper. The results showed that 989 could inhibit the platelet aggregation induced by collagen an d AA，and reduced or delayed the formation of thrombus in the vein and artery of rats. The data indicated that 989 exerted its anti-cerebral ischemia effects through inhibiting the aggregation and adhesion of platelet.
Key words 989; platelet aggregation; platelet adhesion; thrombus
温度、光照、pH值对后棘藻生长及脂肪酸含量的影响
徐年军 张学成
（青岛海洋大学海洋生命学院，青岛，266003）
摘 要 报道了环境因子对富含EPA (20∶5ω3) 的海洋微藻 后 棘藻（Ellipsoidion sp.）7001的生长速度、总脂及脂肪酸含量的影响。结果表明， 后棘藻具有较快的生长速度和较高的脂肪酸含量，总脂含量为31%～36%，主要脂肪酸为14∶ 0、16∶0、16∶1、18∶1ω9、18∶1ω7、18∶2ω6、20∶4ω6、20∶5ω3。生长 的温度范围为15～30℃，25℃时生长速度最快。 温度对总脂含量影响很小，但对EPA和PUFA 含量影响较大。 在25℃时有最大的EPA和PUFA含量。适宜光强为108.75μmolm-2s-1～244. 15μmolm-2s-1，在145.54μmolm-2s-1时EPA产率较大。在起始p H6.5 ～9范围内，pH8.5时有最大的生长速率和总脂含量，而EPA和PUFA在起始pH 7.5时最大，分 别占脂肪酸的18.77%和23.38%。实验条件下后棘藻EPA产率最大的条件为温度25℃，光 强145.54μmolm-2s-1，pH为7.5～8.5。
关键词 温度；光强；pH；后棘藻；微藻；脂肪酸；EPA
中图法分类号Q949.1;X17 文章编号1001-18 62(2001)04-541-07
Effect of Temperature, Light Intensity and pH on the Growth and Fatty Acid Compositions of Ellipsoidion sp.
Xu Nianjun Zhang Xuecheng
(College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract The effect of temperature, light intensity, and pH value o n the growth rate, total lipid content and fatty acid composition of a marine mi croalga Elliposidion sp. were investigated. The total lipid content of Ell iposidion sp. ranged from 31% to 36% of the dry weight, and the main fatty acids were 14∶0, 16∶0, 16∶1, 18∶1ω9, 18∶1ω7, 18∶2ω6, 20∶4ω6 and 20∶5ω3 . Elli posidion sp. grows well at temperatures ranging from 15℃ to 30℃ with the opt imum point at 25℃. Temperature has a slight effect on total lipid contents, but EPA and PUFA were influenced significantly with a highest EPA and PUFA content at 25℃. Desirable light intensity ranges from 108.75μmolm-2s-1 to 244.15μmolm-2s-1, EPA achieves the highest content at 145.54μmolm-2s-1. The highest growth rate and total lipid content were achieved at pH 8.5, while EPA and PUFA reach the highest contents at pH 7.5, accounti ng for 18.77% and 23.38% respectively. The optimum environmental condition in th is experiment for EPA production was 25℃, 145.54μmolm-2s-1 and pH 7.5. Key words temperature; light intensity; pH; microalgae; Elliposidionsp.; fatty acids; EPA
牙鲆（Paralichthys olivaceus）消化道形态学及组织学研究
刘 云 姜国良 郑家声
(青岛海洋大学海洋生命学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 采用大体解剖及光镜技术研究了牙鲆消化道 形态学和组织学。牙鲆消化道由口咽腔、 食道、胃、小肠、幽门垂和直肠构成。牙鲆口咽腔较大，牙锥形，为颌齿，舌三角形，粘膜 表面为复层扁平上皮；食道粘膜也衬着复层扁平上皮，在食道起始处存在少量味蕾和较多的 杯状细胞。由食道到胃，杯状细胞逐渐减少直至消失。肌肉也由横纹肌变成平滑肌。胃稍膨 大，弯曲呈J型，粘膜上皮为单层柱状上皮。贲门部、胃体和幽门部均有胃腺分布，尤以胃 体处最多。小肠短，为体长的1/2左右。小肠上皮为具微绒毛的单层柱状上皮，幽门垂4个， 无括约肌，组织结构与小肠相似。直肠粘膜上皮为假复层柱状上皮，粘膜上皮中散布着较多 的杯状细胞，环肌比较发达。牙鲆的消化道组织特点表明，其消化过程的特性就是食物停留 胃内的时间较短，因而牙鲆的进食间隙也较短。
关键词 牙鲆；消化道；形态学；组织学
中图法分类号Q13；Q136 文章编号1001-1862(2001)04-548-07
Study of the Morphology and Histology of the Digestive Tract of the Bastard Halibut
Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck &Schlegel)
Liu Yun Jiang Guoliang Zheng Jiasheng
(College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract The anatomy and histology of the alimentary tract in larval Bastard halibut were studied using light microscopes. The digestive tract consists of the buccalpharynx cavity, oesophagus, stomach, intestine, pyloric caeca and rectum. On the big buccalpharynx cavity there is a triangular tongue and many keen mandibular teeth. The mucosa layer of buccalpharynx cavity is s tratified squamous epitheli, so is the oesophagus mucosa layer. On the beginning of oesophagus there are a few taste buds and many goblet cells. At the transition from the oesophagus to the stomach, the stratified epithelium with goblet cel ls changes abruptly to the columnar epithelium with no goblet cells, meanwhile t he skeletal muscle changes to smooth muscle; The Jshaped stomach has single layered columnar epithelium, the gastric glands distribute on all parts of the stomach, especially on the body division; The intestine has many mucosal folding, and its epithelium is composed of columnar cells with a distinct microvillus br ush border. The histological structure of the pyloric caeca is the same as the intestine. The rectum mucosa epithelium is pseudostratified columnar epithelium and has many goblet cells. From the characteristic of the digestive tract it is known that the time which food stay in the stomach is very short, so it is need ed to feed this fish every several hours in aquaculture practice.
Key words bastard halibut (Paralichthys olivaceus); digestive tract; morphology; histology
中国对虾淋巴组织培养细胞中立克次氏体形态及其感染细胞的病理观察
汪 岷1 樊廷俊1 郎刚华1 姜 明2 童裳亮1
（1 青岛海洋大学生命学院，青岛，266003）
（2 青岛海洋大学测试中心，青岛，266003）
摘 要 该文报道在中国对虾淋巴组织培养细胞中发 现了一种立克次氏体，大小0.2~0.9μm, 具有链状、双球状、亚铃状等多形性,存在于细胞 质中。在感染细胞中有大量包涵体样的结构，包涵体周围包有一层膜，膜内存在大量不同形 态、大小和电子密度的立克次氏体。在包涵体之外，也可观察到许多散在的立克次氏体。感 染立克次氏体的细胞，都不同程度地出现细胞病变，表现为核膜溶解，核染色质凝聚，部分 线粒体膜溶解，粗面内质网水肿。
关键词 立克次氏体；中国对虾；组织培养；淋巴组织
中图法分类号R151.2 文章编号1001-18 62(2001)04-555-04
Observation on Morphology of Rickettsiales andPathology of Infected Cells in Cultured
Lymphoid Tissues of the Shrimp, Penaeus chinensis
Wang Min1 Fan Tingjun1 Lang Ganghua1 Jiang Ming2 Tong Shangliang1
(1 Marine Biology college, 2 Test Center, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003，China)
Abstract A rickettsiales organism was observed in the cytoplasm of the cultured lymphoid cells of the shrimp, Penaeus chinensis. These individual organisms were about 0.2~0.9μm and were varied in shape, such as dumbbell,diplococcus,streptococcus. Many inclusion bodies, in which the rickettsiales w ere varied in shape, size and electron, were observed in the infected cells. The inclusion bodies were contained by membrance . Outside the inclusion bodies, there were also many rickettsiales. Cytopathological change was observed in the in fected cells, including the dissolving of nuleus membrance, chromoplasm condensing, the dissolving of the membrance of some milochondrions and edematizating of rough endoplasmis retieulum.
Key words rickettsiales; penaeus chinensis; tissue culture; lymphoid tissue
大亚湾珊瑚礁痕量金属的研究
刘春颖 张正斌 刘莲生
(青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 作者采用阳极溶出伏安法测定大亚湾珊瑚礁 痕量金属铜、铅、镉的含量，并讨论了相 关的影响因素。测定结果发现：A组、B组珊瑚礁礁体中铜、铅、镉的含量从里到外有递增的 趋势，这与近年来大亚湾水体中铜、铅、镉含量的变化是一致的。而A组珊瑚礁变化明显；B 组珊瑚礁礁体中铜、铅、镉含量呈现较复杂的变化。分析认为，这是因珊瑚礁的形成受多种 因素影响所致：（1）海水组成对珊瑚礁化学成分的影响；（2）海洋生物种类、数量及其矿 物组成是制约元素分布的主要因素；（3）陆源碎屑组分对大亚湾珊瑚礁的化学组成有一定 的影响。各因素在不同情况下所起的作用不同。
关键词 大亚湾；珊瑚礁；痕量金属
中图法分类号P734.3 文章编号1001-18 62(2001)04-559-07
Study on Trace Metals in Coral Reef of Daya Bay, China
Liu Chunying Zhang Zhengbin Liu Liansheng
(Chemistry and Chemical Engineering college, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract Trace metals Cu, Pb, Cd of coral reef in Daya Bay, Chi na were determined by means of polarography. We found out that the concentration s of Cu, Pb, Cd in coral reef had a trend to increase from inside to outside in the two series of samples, especially in Group A, and this was consistent with the content change of those metals in neighbouring seawater. But there was a mor e complex trend in samples of Group B. We considered many factors that influenc e the forming of coral reef, such as the concentrations of trace metals in seawater where coral reef grew, the quantity, category and which mineral compose of marine organisms, the biodetritus from coast and so on.
Key words Daya Bay; coral reef; trace metal
研究报告
东海北部夏季水文特征分析
李继亮
（青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003）
摘 要 利用1990年8月获得的水文和化学调查资料证 实，在东海东北部海区存在着气旋型涡旋，由此形成的冷水中心从底层上升至30m水层，位 于32°N和125°45′的交叉区域，基本上同于1972年的地理位置，但强度相对较弱。并首次 利用18O资料论证调查海区内表层水系长江冲淡水团向东北平流的结果，再用外推法 获得长江淡水的δ18O值应等于-8.0。根据密度资料判定表面混合层的厚度大约为10m 。
关键词 东海；水文特征；涡旋；δ18O值
中图法分类号P731.1 文章编号1001-18 62(2001)04-566-07
A study of the Hydrographic Features in summertime in the Northern East China Sea
Li Jiliang
(College of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract Hydrographic and chemical data collected in the Northern East China Sea during August 1990 have been used to describe the spatial distributions of several water masses in the study area. A relative cold (16~19℃) saline (34.0<S<34.5), Huanghai Warm Current (HWC) extended into the Huanghai Sea at depths below 40m from its east side to the northwest. A relative saline (S≈32.5; 15℃<t<17℃), Huanghai Coastal Current (HCC) flowed into the southeast from the western flank of this region. Beneath seasonal thermocline (30m or so), the bottom layer in the west part of the study area was occupied mostly by the Northeastern East China Sea Bottom Water (NE), characterized by salinity of 32.8<S<34.0 and temperature of 14℃<T<15℃. In short, our in situdata clearly revealed the existence of a cyclonic (anticlockwise) eddy centered at about 32°N, 125°45′E throughout the water column below 30m layer, which is a repeatedly observed Hydrographic phenomenon of the Northern East China Sea in summer. It is also observe d that there is a surface circulation, existing in the upper layer above 20m, th e pattern of which is consistent with geostrophic feature. Furthermore, both δ18O and T/S data were used to distinguish the Changjiang Diluted Water (CD W), spreading over 10m-thick upper mixed layer. Simultaneously, the fact the value ofδ18O equals -8.0 for the Changjiang fresh water was first obtained b y means of extrapolation.
Key words East China Sea; hydrographic features; eddy; δ18O values
研究报告
海水pCO2测定中喷淋-鼓泡式平衡器与层流式平衡器互校
王 峰 张龙军 王彬宇 张 经
（青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003）
摘 要 在全球变化研究中，海气交换平衡器是海水 中二氧化碳分压（pCO2）直接测定的关键。作者在Inoue, H.（1987）的喷淋式平衡器和G oyet, C.（1991）的鼓泡式平衡器的基础上设计了新的喷淋鼓泡式平衡器，并与层流式平 衡器（Cooper, D.J. et al.1998）进行了互校（气相色谱法现场测定）。经显著性检验， 两种平衡器之间无显著性差异。结果表明，新的喷淋鼓泡式平衡器能很好地用于海水中pC O2的测定。
关键词 二氧化碳分压；平衡器；喷淋鼓泡式；层流式
中图法分类号P734 文章编号1001-1862(2001)04-573-06
Intercalibration Between Shower Bubble Type Equilibrator and Laminary Flow Type Equilibrator During
Measurement of pCO2 in Seawater
Wang Feng Zhang Longjun Wang Binyu Zhang Jing
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract Equilibrator was key point in the system of directly measuring the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) in seawater. The disagreements of pCO2 value among different labs mainly came from discrepancies among different equilibrators. Based on both the “shower type” equilibrator and the “bubble type” equilibrator, a new “showerbubble type” equilibrator expatiated in this paper was designed, which showed with a “laminary flow type” equilibrator (Cooper, D.J., 1998) in situby G.C. It was indicated that there was no distinct discrepancy between the two kinds of equilibrators by the distinction t est.
Key words pCO2; equilibrator; showerbubble type; laminary flow type
海洋调查数据的可视化建模及实现方法
孙 菁 杨冠杰
（青岛海洋大学计算机科学系，青岛，266003）
摘 要 科学计算可视化作为新一代的分析工具，正 在进入 物理海洋学领域。文中介绍对海洋调查数据进行可视化的关键问题——数据建模，并从分析 海洋调查数据的特点出发提出针对海洋研究中可视化建模的原则和有效途径，给出相关的实 现方法。其中，重点讨论局部体样条建模中必须面对的区域分割优化问题，引入遗传算法并 给出较好的解决方案。
关键词 科学计算可视化；数据建模；区域分割；遗传算法(GA)；物理 海洋学
中图法分类号 P717 文章编号1001-1862 (2001)04-579-07
Modelling Methods for Visualization of Ocean Investi gation Data
Sun Jing Yang Guanjie
(Computer Science Department, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract Scientific visualization is coming into physical ocean ography as a new analysis tool. This paper addresses the key point for visualization of ocean investigation data: datamodelling. It presents principles and effective approaches of the modelling of ocean investigation data, according to their characteristics. Emphasis is put on the optimization of domain partition, which must be face d in the local volume splines modelling, and genetic algorithm is introduced a s a good solution.
Key words scientific visualization; data modelling; domain part ition; genetic algorithm; physical oceanography
径向基函数网络在云检测中的应用
张卫东1 贺明霞1 麦文伟2
（1青岛海洋大学海洋遥感研究所，海洋遥感教育部重点实验室，青岛 ，266003）
（2香港理工大学电子与资讯工程系多媒体信号处理中心，香港）
摘 要 作者提出一种应用径向基函数网络（RBF）的 云检测方法。此方法要求晴空海域与有云海域均以一定数量的基函数来表征，两种基函数可 组成一个径向基函数网络。使用欧空局沿轨道扫描辐射计（ERS-1/ATSR）资料对径向基函数 网络在云检测中的性能作了验证，重点研究网络结构的复杂度对分类结果的影响，并与人眼 的目视解译作比较，结果表明径向基函数网络在云检测中性能良好。 关键词云检测；径向基函数网络(RBF)；沿规道扫描辐射计(ATSR)；卫 星海洋遥感
中图法分类号P412.15 文章编号1001-1862(2001)04-586-07
Application of RBF Networks to Cloud Detection
Zhang Weidong He Mingxia
(Ocean Remote Sensing Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Ocean Remote Sensing Institute,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao
266003, China)
Mak Manwai
(Center for Multimedia Signal
Processing, Dept. of Electronic and Information Engineering,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong)
Abstract Application of radial basis function (RBF) networks to cloud detection is investigated. In the method, clear and cloudy classes are re presented by a set of basis functions and these basis functions are combined tog ether to construct an RBF network. The performance of RBF network in cloud detection is evaluated with ERS-1/ATSR data, and the emphasis is paid on the influence the complexity of the network structure to the classification error. Comparis on with human interpretation shows that the RBF network is good for cloud detection.
Key words cloud detection;radial basis functions;ATSR ;satellite ocean remote sensing
白天工作条件下大气激光雷达\=探测的实验研究
宋小全 刘智深 贺 岩 刘金涛
(青岛海洋大学海洋遥感研究所，海洋遥感教育部重点实验室，青岛， 266003)
摘 要 作者在已完成大气激光雷达系统夜间工作的基础上，对白 天工作条件下的各种环境 背景光的干扰进行了理论与实验分析，得出太阳直射光和天空光为白天工作的主要背景干扰 。实验结果表明，经过激光发射与接收视场角严格匹配及使用干涉滤光器（2.6nm和0.15n m）进行窄带滤波，背景干扰被明显地剔除，可进一步压低背景干扰约20倍。证明采取视场 匹配及干涉滤光器的措施可基本保证激光雷达系统在白天条件下工作。
关键词 大气激光雷达；背景干扰；回向散射
中图法分类号P412.25 文章编号1001-1862(2001 )04-593-07
Experimental Researches of Atmosphere Lidar System Working by Day
Song Xiaoquan Liu Zhishen He Yan Liu Jintao
(Ocean Remote Sensing Institute, Ocean Remote Sensing Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract Based on the finished atmosphere lidar system work b y night, theoretic al and experimental analysis is done in this paper as lidar system works by day with various environmental background interferes. It is found that the direct solar radiation and sky radiation are the primary background interferes. Measurement results show that background interferes are eliminated markedly via matching the laser emission and receiving field angle strictly and by using narrow b and filters (2.6nm & 0.15nm). Background interfere can be depressed more than twenty times. It is proved that the lidar system can work by day when the field angle is matched and interference filters are used.
Key words atmosphere lidar; background interfere; backscattering
碱厂废水光谱特性实验研究
张绪琴 吴隆业 张世魁 吴曙初 李 武
(国家海洋局第一海洋研究所，青岛，266061)
摘 要 该文报道碱厂废水随浓度变化的光谱实验。 分析碱厂废水的 光谱特征，并与相同浓度的海水悬浮泥沙水体的光谱进行比较；确定该废水特征波长为501. 3nm。根据光谱实验结果，结合当前已有的水色传感器的资料，选择两个卫星传感器波段：SeaWIFS第四频道(497.2~521.6nm)和TM第二频道(518.9~600.2nm)；利用数字对(R，c)，建 立 了反射率与该污染水体浓度间的相关模式。为遥感技术大面积、快速地监测碱厂废水污染 水体提供理论依据。
关键词 碱厂废水；光谱；遥感 文章编号 1001-1862(2001)04-600-05
Experimental Study on the Spectral Characteristics of Wastewater from Alkaline Factory
Zhang Xuqin Wu Longye Zhang Shikui Wu Shuchu Li Wu
(First Institute of Oceanography,S.O.A,Qingdao 266061, China)
Abstract A simulation experiment on the spectra of wastewater from alkaline factory is described. The characteristic central wave length of the wastewater is determined to be 501.3nm through comparing with the spectra of suspended particles in water. Two channels to match the experimental results are chosen separately from 2 satellite ocean color sensors, i. e., the 4th channel (497.2～521.6nm) on SeaWIFS and the 2nd channel (518.9～600.2nm) on T M. The simulation modals between the concentration and the reflective radiance of this contamination wastewater have been derived by using data pairs (R, c), where R is the average of the values measured by VF921256 spectrometer in the chose noptimum band. Hence a sound foundation is provided for rapid and large area monitoring of alkaline factory wastewater.
Key words wastewater from alkaline; spectrum; remote sensing
海洋环境荷载下输液立管的静、动力特性研究
郭海燕 王树青 刘德辅
(青岛海洋大学，青岛，266003)
摘 要 考虑管内流动流体和管外海洋环境荷载共同 作用，建立海洋立管侧向运动微分方程 。用Hermite插值函数离散，在微机上编写海洋立管静、动力分析程序，通过计算分析研究 管内流体对立管侧向变形和应力的作用；另外，探讨管内流体的流动速度和立管顶端的预张 力对立管动力特性的影响。结果表明，立管变形和应力均随管内流体流动速度增加而增大， 同时内流速度的增大会降低立管的固有频率，但适当增大立管顶端预张力会抵消内流流速增 加引起的固有频率下降。
关键词海洋环境荷载；输液立管；力学性态；有限元法(FEM)
中图法分类号P756.2 文章编号1001-1862(2001)04-605-07
Study on Static and Dynamical Analysis of a Marine RiserConveying Flowing Fluid Subjected to Environmental Loads
Guo Haiyan Wang Shuqing Liu Defu
(Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003，China)
Abstract Considering the internal flowing fluid and the external environmental loads, the lateral vibration differential equation of a marine riser is derived. Discretization is made with Hermite interpolation function and code s of computing the deflection and the dynamics of a marine riser has been written. The effect of internal flow velocity on the lateral deflection and stress is studied. A preliminary relationship between the natural frequency and the internal flow speed and the top tension of the riser is obtained. Results indicate t hat the deflection and stress increase with the increase of the internal flow velocity. Increasing internal flow velocity can make the natural frequency of the riser lower while the increase of the top tension can counteract this effect.
Key words ocean environmental loads; a riser conveying flowing fluid; dynamics; FEM
脂质体悬浮液结晶对其冻干品质影响的研究
刘占杰 华泽钊 陶乐仁 李保国
（上海理工大学制冷与低温技术研究所，上海，200093）
陈建明 高 申
（第二军医大学药学院，上海，200443）
摘 要 利用低温显微镜系统对含有不同浓度海藻糖 的脂质体悬浮液，在不同的降温速率下的结晶现象进行显微研究，得出不同条件下的冰晶生 长图像；并研究脂质体在不同的降温速率下的冻干过程，比较了不同降温速率下的冻干 脂质体的外观和冻干脂质体复水后的囊泡粒径变化。结果表明，对于液体药品快速冻结后得 到的冻干品质量优于慢速冻结。
关键词 脂质体；结晶；冷冻干燥；冻干品质
中图法分类号Q242；O514 文章编号1001-1862(2001)04-612-07
Effect of Ice Crystal on the Quality of Freeze-dried Liposome
Liu Zhanjie Hua Zezhao Tao Leren Li Baoguo
(Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering,
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China)
Chen Jianming Gao Shen
(School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China)
Abstract The effect of the ice crystal on the quality of freeze -dried liposome was researched at the different cooling rates. The liposome sus pensions in which trehalose is used as additive were tested respectively by the cryomicroscopy. Freezing images at the different cooling rates were taken by a video camera. The freezedrying processes of liposome suspensions at the different cooling rates were studied. The liposome appearance and the liposome size were compared. The quality of freezedried samples at high cooling rate was better than that at low cooling rate.
Key words liposome；crystallization；freeze-drying；quality of freezedried sample
鲁苏榴辉岩套的特征及其动力学演化
韩宗珠1 宋明春2
(1青岛海洋大学海洋地球科学系，青岛，266003)
(2山东省区域地质调查研究院，潍坊，262100)
摘 要 鲁苏榴辉岩套以广泛分布各类榴辉岩、密切 伴生石榴石橄榄岩、石榴石麻粒岩等高压岩石组合，普遍发育韧性变形带，大量出露燕山晚 期碱性花岗岩及深源脉岩为特征。它已经历三迭纪早期华南陆块与华北陆块的碰撞事件、大 陆逆掩推覆构造事件及后期白垩纪早期开始的大陆伸展构造事件，是我国华南陆块与华北陆 块之间的重要过渡单元。
关键词 榴辉岩；石榴石橄榄岩；石榴石麻粒岩；韧性变形；花岗岩； 地球动力学
中图法分类号P578.94+7 文章编号1001-1862(2001)04-619-07
Characteristics and Dynamical Evolution of Eclogites Suite from ShandongJiangsu
HanZongzhu1 Song Mingchun2
(1 Department of Marine Earthscience, Ocean University of Qindao, Qindao 266003,China)
(2 Regional survey institute of Shandong province, Weifang 262100, Ch ina)
Abstract The Shandong-Jiangsu eclogites suite is characterized by the widespread distribution of different type eclogites, close assocition gar net peridotiet and garnet granulite, widespread development tenacity shearing zone and extendisve emgrge type-A granite of late Yanshan movement and deep vein rock. It underwent the collision event of the Southern China plate with the North China plate at early Triassic, overthrust napping event of continental, and continental spread structure event beginning at Cretaceous. It was the transition unit between the Southern China plate and the Northern China plate.
Key words eclogite; garnet peridotite; garnet granulite; tenacity shearing; granite; dynamics
三维抛物方程Douglas交替方向隐格式的稳定性和收敛性
李弓春 谢树森
(青岛海洋大学数学系，青岛，266003)
摘 要 作者研究三维变系数抛物方程Douglas交替方向隐格 式的稳定性和收敛性。采用H1能量估计方法，证明格式按离散H1范数是绝对稳定的 ，并且收敛阶为O(Δt2+h2)。
关键词 Douglas格式；抛物型方程；H1能量估计方法；稳定性和 收敛性
中图法分类号O175.26 文章编号1001-1862(2001)04-626-07
The Stability and Convergence for Doughas Scheme for Three Dimensional Parobolic Equation
Li Gongchun Xie Shusen
(Dept. of Math., Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract Douglas alternating direction implicit scheme was presented in 1962. In this paper, the stability and convergence for parabolic equati on with varied diffusion cofficient in three space varibles are analysed. By using the H1 norm energy method, the absolute stability of H1 is proved and the convergence of H1 is demonstrated in the result of O(Δ2+h2 ).
Key words Douglas scheme; parabolic equation; H1norm energy method; stability and convergence