风浪成长关系的分析及其对3/2指数律的支持
管长龙 孙 群
（青岛海洋大学物理海洋实验室、物理海洋研究所，青岛，266003）
摘 要 系统地分析比较了迄今根据观测已提出的一些风浪成长关系。通过研究发现：这些风浪成长关系式存在较大的不协调性。然而，当消去无因次风区后，由这些关系式得到的无因次波高与无因次周期关系却与3/2指数律有着非常好的协调一致性。还分析Wen et al构造出的代表平均状况的风浪成长关系。发现由这一风浪成长关系得到的无因次波高与无因次周期关系是与平均状况的3/2指数律完全一致的。上述风浪成长关系构成对3/2指数律的观测支持，从而说明了3/2指数律的普遍性。并提出这些风浪成长关系间不协调性的一个可能解释。
关键词 风浪；风浪成长；3/2指数律
中图法分类号 P731.2 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-633-07
Analysis of Wind Wave Growth Relations
and Their Support to the 3/2 Power Law
Guan Changlong Sun Qun
(Physical Oceanography Laboratory and Institute of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract Several wind wave growth relations (WWGR), which are presented on the basis of field and laboratory measurements, are systematically analyzed and compared. It is found that significant discrepancies exist in these relations while the relationships between dimensionless wave height and period deduced from these relations by eliminating dimensionless fetch are fairly consistent with those obtained from the 3/2 power law proposed by Toba. A mean WWGR is also analyzed, which is constructed by Wen et al. on the basis of 5 WWGRs of representative and authoritative domestically and abroad. It is also found that the relationship between dimensionless wave height and period deduced from the mean WWGR is completely consistent with those obtained from the 3/2 power law, corresponding to the mean status. It is concluded that the 3/2 power law is supported experimentally by these WWGRs and its universality is manifested to a great extent. A probable explanation to the discrepancies among these WWGRs is given.
Key words wind wave; wind wave growth; the 3/2 power law
风应力拖曳系数选取对风暴潮数值模拟的影响
王秀芹 钱成春 王 伟
（青岛海洋大学海洋环境学院，青岛，266003）
摘 要 在风暴潮的形成中风应力起决定性作用，风应力拖曳系数决定了大气与海洋间的动量传输率。观测结果表明，风应力拖曳系数随风速而变化，与海面粗糙度有关。文中采用几种与风速有关的风应力拖曳系数表达式进行数值模拟，与将其视为常数情况相比较，计算结果的精度均有较明显提高。对比各表达式模拟结果, 采用Smith (1980)风应力拖曳系数公式的模拟效果为最好。
关键词 风暴潮；风应力拖曳系数；数值模拟；黄渤海
中图法分类号 P731.2 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-640-07
Test of Influence of Wind Drag Coefficient on Typhoon Storm Surge Simulations
Wang Xiuqin Qian Chengchun Wang Wei
(Marine Environment College, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003，China)
Abstract Wind stress plays a major role in the formation and propagation of storm surges. In the numerical simulation of storm surges, wind stress is expressed as an empirical power low of wind speed, where the drag coefficient decides the rate of momentum transmission from air into water. Observations show that the drag coefficient increases gradually with the increase of wind speed and is a function of surface roughness and atmospheric stability. In this paper, several proposed formulae of the drag coefficient varying with the wind speed have been examined with numerical simulations of storm surges. The elevations simulated with varying drag coefficients coincide much better with the observed data than those with the constant drag coefficients. The best result is obtained when the formula proposed by Smith (1980) is adopted.
Key words storm surge；wind drag coefficient; numerical simulation; Bohai and Huanghai Sea
渤海中南部悬浮物海洋调查资料分析
苏健 江文胜 孙文心
（物理海洋实验室、物理海洋研究所，青岛海洋大学，青岛，266003）
摘 要 对于悬浮物（SPM）的研究目前已引起诸多学者关注。作者利用1998和1999年的中德合作海洋调查所获得的资料进行分析。主要进行三个方面的工作：研究悬浮物与透明度的关系；研究悬浮物与浊度的关系；估计海底剪切速度。并为研究悬浮物输运提供资料和作前期研究。
关键词 悬浮物；浊度；透明度；海底剪切速度
中图法分类号 P722.4 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-647-06
Analysis of SPM Data Obtained in Ocean Investigation in the Bohai Sea
Su Jian Jiang
Wensheng Sun Wenxin
(Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Institute of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract Nowadays people pay more and more attention to the study of the transport of suspended particulate matter (SPM). The field data obtained in two SinoGermany joint cruises in 1998 and 1999 are analyzed. In this paper three major work are done: the study of the relationship between SPM concentration and transparency, the relationship between SPM concentration and turbidity, and the estimation of bottom shear velocity. The results provide basic information for the SPM transport study.
Key words suspended particulate matter; turbidity; transparence; bottom shear velocity
近岸区域及河口区台风风场动力诊断模型
谢红琴 高山红 盛立芳 吴增茂
（青岛海洋大学海洋环境学院，青岛，266003）
摘 要 由梯度风平衡原理得出具有非对称性的台风模型风场，将台风模型风场与NCAR客观分析风场嵌套得到大区风场并从中取出中尺度动力诊断模式Mass所需的初始风场，再由Mass模式对局部关键性区域海面风场作动力调整，同时结合实测资料使用Nudging同化方法进行调整，从而获得具有较好实用性的台风近岸及河口区的海面风场。文中用上述模型对9015号和9711号台风作了诊断分析试验，得到了比较合理的并符合实际观测的台风海面风场。
关键词 近岸区台风风场；动力诊断模型系统；海岸河口区
中图法分类号 P732.7 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-653-06
A Diagnosis Model of Typhoon Surface Winds in Coast and Estuary Regions
Xie Hongqin Gao Shanhong Sheng Lifang Wu Zengmao
(Institute of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract According to the theory of gradient wind, the asymmetrical wind field of typhoon was achieved. The large domain wind field and the initial wind field of the mesoscale dynamic diagnostic Mass model was obtained through nesting the typhoon wind model with that of the NCAR objective analysis. Then, using the Mass model we dynamically adjusted the wind field of some local key domain. At the same time, through Nudging assimilation scheme combined with real data to rectify the diagnostic wind field, we obtain the practical final wind field in coast and estuary regions. The diagnostic test against the 9015 and 9711 typhoon cases using the model system in this paper produced reasonable results.
Key words wind field of alongshore typhoon; dynamic diagnostic model system; coast and estuary region
ECOM模式在丁字湾的应用
张越美 孙英兰
（青岛海洋大学环境科学与工程研究院，青岛，266003）
摘 要 应用河口、陆架和海洋模式（ECOM模型），引入干湿网格法模拟潮滩涨落的改进，并建立丁字湾及近岸海域的三维变动边界潮流模型。该模型考虑了湾口拦门沙、湾内水道和人工围海等地形特点。计算结果与实测值比较符合良好，较好地刻画出丁字湾M-2分潮潮流场的时空分布特点。
关键词 丁字湾；河口、陆架和海洋模式(ECOM模式)；三维；潮流；干湿网格法
中图法分类号 P76 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-659-07
Application of ECOM Model in Dingzi Bay
Zhang Yuemei Sun Yinglan
(Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract A 3-D numerical tidal model to simulate M2 tidal current field with a mobile boundary in Dingzi Bay is established in this paper. The model is based on an international 3-D coastal ocean circulation model (ECOM model), and is modified for incorporating dry-wet grid technology to simulate flooding and ebbing in tideland. Some complex topography is taken into account, including some fords in the bay mouth and the waterway and the artificially enclosed tideland. The computed results match well with the observed ones, which implies that the model is capable of describing the temporal and spatial distribution of M2 tidal current in Dingzi Bay.
Key words Dingzi Bay; ECOM model; three-dimension; tidal model; dry-wet grid
诱导三倍体太平洋牡蛎群体发育过程中三倍体率的变化
李赟 王昭萍 王如才
(青岛海洋大学教育部水产养殖重点实验室，青岛，266003)
摘要 借助染色体计数和流式细胞计数计对6-DMAP处理和冷休克两种诱导方法获得太平洋牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)三倍体群体在各个发育时期三倍体率进行了系统检测。结果发现，在4～8细胞时期，6-DMAP诱导三倍体率为75%，冷休克诱导三倍体率为50%，在发育至D形幼虫期和稚贝期，两类三倍体群体的三倍体率均有所下降。如从4～8细胞期发育至稚贝期，冷休克诱导群体下降了53.08%以上，6-DMAP诱导群体三倍体率下降了27.36%。养殖一年后，6-DMAP诱导群体三倍体率仍保持在60%以上，而冷休克诱导群体三倍体率已下降至不足10%。这一结果说明，利用6-DMAP诱导来获得三倍体是比较理想的方法。
关键词 太平洋牡蛎；诱导三倍体；6-DMAP；流式细胞计数计
中图法分类号 S96 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-666-07
Variance of Triploid Rate of Induced Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas During Development
Li Yun Wang Zhaoping Wang Rucai
(Aquacultural Research Laboratory Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract Triploid rate of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas induced by 6-DMAP and cold shock was identified by calculating chromosome number and flow cytometry during 4～8 cell, D-larval, juvenile and mature oyster. The results indicated that during the 4～8 cell, triploid rate induced by 6-DMAP was 75% and that by cold shock was 50%; during the D-larval and juvenile, triploid rate induced by 6-DMAP and by cold shock decreased. For example, from 4～8 cell to juvenile stage, triploid rate induced by 6-DMAP decreased 27.36% and that by cold shock decreased 53.08%. After 1 year, triploid rate of by 6-DMAP stabled at 60%, and triploid rate induced by cold shock was less than 10%.It implied that using 6DMAP for inducing triploid was an ideal method.
Key words Pacific oyster; induced triploid; 6-DMAP; flow cytometry
Preparation and Structure Activity Differences of Low Molecular Weight Heparins (LMWH)
Yu Guangli（于广利） Guan Huashi（管华诗） Xu Jiamin（徐家敏）
Wang Qun (王群)1 Robert J. Linhardt1
（Institute of Marine Foods and Drugs, Ocean University of Qingdao， Qingdao 266003, China）
（1 Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, University of Iowa, IA 52242, USA）
Abstract As a polysaccharide drug, low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) which were introduced as antithrombotic agents about twenty years ago, are now established as surgical thromboprophylaxia drugs and replacing unfractionated heparin (UFH) in the acute treatment of venous thromboemblic disorders. The precise structure of heparin varied with the sources and the preparation methods. The complex structure made the biological activities, for example, antiprotease activity different from each LMWH products, and led to the clinical usage standard different. The production methods，the structure difference and also the antiprotease activity of eight commercial LMWH products were introduced in this paper.
Key words LMWH; production methods; structural difference; antiprotease activity
低分子量肝素的制备及其结构与活性差异
于广利 管华诗 徐家敏 王群1 Robert J. Linhardt1
(青岛海洋大学海洋药物与食品研究所，青岛，266003)
(1美国爱荷华大学药物与天然产物化学系，IA 52246，美国)
摘要低分子肝素作为一种抗血栓的多糖药物在临床中已应用了二十多年，目前已作为外科预防血栓形成药物，并在治疗急性静脉栓塞紊乱方面取代了未分级肝素。因肝素的来源和制备的方法不同使低分子肝素的精细结构不同，低分子肝素结构的复杂性，使得各产品的生物活性，例如抗蛋白酶活性不同，从而导致其临床使用的标准不同。该文将对低分子肝素的制备方法及其结构和抗蛋白酶活性的差异进行报导。
关键词 低分子量肝素；制备方法；结构差异；抗蛋白酶活性
中图法分类号 R282.77 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-673-08
海水养殖中原生动物病原虫的鉴定—Ⅱ粘孢子虫的研究及鉴定方法
赵元莙1，2马成伦2 宋微波1
(1 青岛海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,
青岛, 266003)
(2 重庆师范学院重庆市动物生物学重点实验室, 重庆, 400047 )
摘要 粘孢子虫是海水养殖中常见的危害性原生动物类群之一。该文综合介绍:一套适用于粘孢子虫研究及鉴定的方法;粘孢子虫的标本采集、标本保存、观察与描述、研究技术以及特征性鉴别与量度的图解式方法;若干现代技术,并作初步讨论。
关键词 原生动物; 粘孢子虫; 鉴定; 研究方法
中图法分类号 S941.51+3 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-681-08
Illustrated Guide to the Identification of Pathogenetic Protozoa in Maricuture—Ⅱ
Diagnostic Methods for the Myxosporean
Zhao Yuanjun1，2 Ma Chenglun2 Song Weibo1
(1 The Key Laboratory of Mariculture,
Ministry of Education, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
(2 Animal Biology Research Laboratory, Chongqing Normal College, Chongqing 400047, China)
Abstract The present paper deals with the modern methodology for studies of myxosporeans, which as parasites or pathogenic forms commonly occur in marine and freshwater habitats. The methodology of myxosporean consists of collection and deposition of materials, the guideline for the preparation of species descriptions and illustrated guide to the identification. The technology concerning ultrastructure studies and taxonomy for Myxosporean using smallsubunit ribosomal DNA squence analysis are presented and discussed.
Key words myxosporean; identification; methodology
固定化木瓜蛋白酶的研究及其应用
王海英 林 洪 叶 眉 薛长湖 赵 雪
(青岛海洋大学水产学院食品工程系,青岛，266003)
摘要 从8种载体材料中选取自制的氨基含量约2.878mmol/g的甲壳质作为固定化载体，采用吸附交联法，以戊二醛为交联剂，对木瓜蛋白酶进行固定化。17.5mg/g的固定化酶/载体比例，pH6.5，5℃下，先吸附10min，再以0.7%的戊二醛终浓度交联12h，所得固定化酶酶活回收可达52.0%，酶活力为3.54U/g。固定化酶在65℃以下，溶液酶在55℃以下稳定；固定化酶在pH7.0以下稳定，溶液酶在pH6.0以下稳定；5℃条件下，固定化酶贮藏半衰期为183d；以酪蛋白为底物，固定化酶的操作半衰期可达27d。用固定化酶水解甲壳胺，产物分子量小于10 000的甲壳胺低聚糖得率约为45.55%。
关键词木瓜蛋白酶；固定化酶；甲壳质；甲壳胺
中图法分类号Q814；TQ925.+2文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-689-06
Study on Immobilized Papain and its Application
Wang Haiying Lin Hong Ye Mei Xue Changhu Zhao Xue
(Dept.of Food Technology & Engineering, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract Deacetylated chitin was chosen as support from 8 carrier materials, and glutaraldehyde as crosslinking agent to prepare immobilized papain. The optimum conditions for immobilization were as follows: the ratio of enzyme and carrier was 17.5mg/g; pH, 6.5; temp. 5℃;adsorption time was 10min; the final concentration of glutaraldehyde was 0.7% and crosslinking time was 12h. The activity of the immobilized papain prepared under the optimal conditions was 3.80 Unit/g, the ratio of activity recovery was 52%.The stability of the immobilized papain was obviously increased comparing with that of soluble papain. Soluble papain was stable under 55℃,pH6.0 while the immobilized papain was still stable under 65℃, pH7.0. The halflife time of immobilized papain stored at 5℃ was 183 days, and the operation halflife time was 27 days. Using the immobilized papain to depolymerize chitosan, the yield of chitooligomers with molecular mass under 10,000 was 45.55%. The result was better than that of soluble papain.
Key words papain; immobilization; chitin; chitosan
摄食水平对褐牙鲆幼鱼能量收支的影响
线薇薇 朱鑫华
(中国科学院海洋研究所，青岛，266071)
摘要 褐牙鲆幼鱼(体重0.71～4.16g；体长4.45～8.14cm)在24℃下保持5个摄食水平(0～最大)。投喂人工配合饵料。褐牙鲆能量和干物质的吸收效率随摄食水平的增加而增加，平均为97.38%和76.73%。褐牙鲆排粪能(F)占摄食能的比例为0.95%～2.83%，随摄食水平的增加而减少；氮排泄(U)占摄食能比例为5.52%～6.77%，各摄食水平下变化不大；标准代谢耗能(Rs)占摄食能比例为1.05%～7.82%，随摄食水平的增加而减少；在各摄食水平条件下，摄食代谢耗能(Rf)占摄食能比例变化不大，平均为45.72%；生长能(G)占摄食能比例为32.67%～49.21%。随摄食水平增加而增加。在最大摄食水平时，褐牙鲆能量分配形式为：100C =0.95F + 5.52U + 44.31R + 49.21G
关键词 褐牙鲆；摄食水平；能量收支
中图法分类 S96 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-695-06
Effect of Ration on Energy Budget of Juvenile Bastard Halibut Paralichthys olivaceus(T. & S.)
Xian Weiwei Zhu Xinhua
(Institute of Oceanology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071,China)
Abstract Energy budget for the juvenile bastard halibut, Paralichthys olivaceus (T. & S.),(body weight:0.71～4.16g, body length:4.45～8.14cm) was carried out at temperature 24℃ for five ration sizes from starvation to maximum fed with artificial pallet. Food consumption, growth, standard metabolism, nitrogen excretion and absorption efficiency were directly determined, and feeding metabolism was calculated indirectly from energy budget model. There seemed to be a linear interrelationship between faecal production, nitrogen excretion and ration size. The absorptive efficiencies for energy and dry weight increased with ration size, averaged 97.38% and 76.73%, respectively. Based on the information of ration size, energy lost in standard metabolism, faecal production and growth were accounted for 1.05%～7.82%, 0.95%～2.83% and 32.67%～49.21% respectively. Nitrogen excretion and feeding metabolism were not significant to ration size, amounted for 5.77% and 45.72% of overall energy, respectively. The energy budget under the condition of maximum ration could be yielded to:100C = 0.95F + 5.52U + 44.31R + 49.21G,where C, F, U, R and G represent food consumption, faecal production, nitrogen excretion, metabolism and growth, respectively.
Key wordsParalichthys olivaceus(T. & S.); ration size; energy budget
三丁基氧化锡（TBTO）对太平洋牡蛎性成熟的影响
李琪 尾定 诚1森胜 义2王如才
（青岛海洋大学教育部海水养殖重点实验室，青岛，266003）
（1日本东北大学农学部海洋生物资源教育研究中心，女川，9862242）
(2日本东北大学农学部海洋生物系，仙台，9818555)
摘要 利用流水饲养法研究了不同浓度的三丁基氧化锡（0.5μg/L和1.0μg/L TBTO）对太平洋牡蛎卵巢中卵母细胞直径、RNA/DNA比、蛋白质和卵黄蛋白含量的影响。卵母细胞径的增长在0.5μg/L实验组受到阻碍，并随着TBTO浓度的增大而更加明显。TBTO 暴露组的RNA/DNA比在精巢中无明显变化，但在卵巢中显著低于对照组。TBTO暴露组的卵巢中蛋白质和卵黄蛋白含量显示了与RNA/DNA比相同的变化趋势，表明TBTO的积累阻碍卵黄蛋白的合成。TBTO暴露42d采集的牡蛎样品中出现3个雌雄同体，暗示TBTO可能引起牡蛎发生性转变进而产生雌雄同体。
关键词 三丁基氧化锡；太平洋牡蛎；性成熟
中图法分类号S944.4+1；X55；Q25 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-701-06
Effect of Tributyltin Oxide on Sexual Maturation of the Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea gigas
Li Qi Osada Makoto1Mori Katsuyoshi2Wang Rucai
(Mariculture Research Laboratory, Ocean
University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
(1 Education and Research Center of Marine
Bio-resources, Faculty of Agriculture,
Tohoku University, Onagawa, Miyagi 9862242, Japan)
(2 Laboratory of Aquacultural Biology,
Graduate School of Agricultural Science,
Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 9818555, Japan)
Abstract Chronic physiological responses (oocyte diameters, RNA/DNA ratio, protein and vitellin content) in the gonad of the Pacific oyster reared in running seawater were measured following exposure to two different concentrations of tributyltin oxide (TBTO; 0.5 and 1.0μgL-1). The oocyte diameters in the two TBTO groups were significantly lower than that in the control group on 42 days, and the inhibition of oocyte growth depended on the concentration of TBTO exposure. In the test the RNA/DNA ratio changed little between the three groups, while in the ovary the RNA/DNA ratio in the TBTO groups obviously decreased compared with that in the control group. The protein and vitellin content of the ovary in the TBTO groups showed similar changes in the RNA/DNA ratio of the ovary, indicating that the accumulation of TBTO in the ovary inhibited the synthetic activity of vitellin. In the oyster sampled on 42 days, three hermaphrodites occurred in the TBTO groups, suggesting that TBTO may cause sex change of the oyster, and so resulted in the occurrence of hermaphrodites.
Key words tributyltin oxide; Pacific oyster; sexual maturation
金枪鱼延绳钓不同位置钓钩渔获效率的研究
叶振江1梁振林1邢智良1高志军2
（1青岛海洋大学水产学院，青岛，266003 2中国水产总公司，北京，100026）
摘要 本文从金枪鱼延绳钓渔具的结构及渔获效果入手，分析了大眼金枪鱼（Thunnus obesus）和黄鳍金枪鱼（Thunnus albacares）的垂直分布及该延绳钓渔具不同位置钓钩的渔获效率，据以对钓具的性能做出初步评价，并提出了改进的建议。
关键词 金枪鱼；延绳钓；渔具；渔获效率
中图法分类号 F316.4 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-707-06
Study on the Catching Efficiency of Hooks of Tuna Long-Line Fishing Gear
Ye Zhenjiang1Liang Zhenlin1Xing Zhiliang1Gao Zhijun2
（1 Fisheries Department, Ocean
University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China）
(2 China National Fisheries (Group) Corporation, Beijing 100026, China)
Abstract Based on the structure of tuna long-line fishing gear and production practice，the author analyzed the vertical moving activity of two tunas: Thunnus obesus, bigeye tuna and Thunnus albacares, yellowfin tuna, and the catching efficiency of hooks of fishing gear. In the meanwhile， the evaluations and advice on the design of the gear were provided.
Key words tuna; longline; gear; fishing efficiency
牙鲆、石鲽和川鲽的线粒体16S rRNA基因片段的序列比较研究
孔晓瑜1刘亚军1喻子牛1庄志猛2武云飞1
(1教育部海水养殖研究重点实验室，青岛海洋大学水产学院，青岛，266003
2水产科学院黄海水产研究所，青岛，266071)
摘要 以相应引物对牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)和石鲽 (K.areius bicoloratus)的线粒体16SrRNA基因片段进行了PCR扩增, PCR产物经T载体连接之后进行了克隆、测序,均得到了590bp的碱基序列，并将其与GenBank 中牙鲆线粒体全序列相应片段和川鲽（Platichthys flesus）相应片段进行比较，结果表明，川鲽和石鲽序列差异很小（核苷酸差异数为7，同源性为98.8%）；而牙鲆与川鲽和石鲽的序列差异明显（核苷酸差异数为90～93，同源性约为84%），且大多数核苷酸变异位点集中在序列中部大约200bp的区域。
关键词 牙鲆；石鲽；川鲽；16S rRNA基因；序列
中图法分类号Q178.53；Q953 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-713-05
Comparative Study of Mitochondrial 16S
rRNA Gene Fragments Among Paralichthys olivaceus Kareius bicoloratus and
Platichthys flesus
Kong Xiaoyu1Liu Yajun1Yu Ziniu1Zhuang Zhimeng2Wu Yunfei1
(1 Mariculture Research Lab, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003,China)
(2 Yellow Sea Institute of Fishery Science, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Qingdao 266071，China)
Abstract Mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene fragments of flatfish Paralichthys olivaceus and Kareius bicoloratuswere amplified via PCR, and the PCR products were ligated into T-vector, cloned and sequenced. 590bp nucleotide sequences were retrieved for both species. The two sequences were aligned and compared with corresponding fragment of Platichthys.flesus and that of P.olivaceus mitochondrial complete genome. It's indicated that there is relatively little sequence differences between P. flesuus and K. bicoloratus(homology 98.8%), but significant sequence differences exist between P.olivaceus and P. flesus, K. bicoloratus (homology around 84%), with most variable 200bp region in the middle. The sequences could be used for phylogenetic research in flatfish species.
Key wordsParalichthys olivaceus；Kareius bicoloratus；Platichthys flesus; Mitochondrial 16S gene；sequencing
综述
环境细菌宏基因组研究及海洋细菌生物活性物质BAC文库筛选
杨官品 茅云翔
(青岛海洋大学海洋生命学院，青岛，266003)
摘要 宏基因组是特定环境全部生物遗传物质总和，决定生物群体生命现象。特定生物种基因组研究使人们的认识单元实现了从单一基因到基因集合的转变，宏基因组研究将使人们摆脱物种界限，揭示更高更复杂层次上的生命运动规律。在目前的基因结构功能认识和基因操作技术背景下，环境细菌宏基因组成为研究和开发的主要对象。环境细菌宏基因组细菌人工染色体文库筛选和基因系统学分析使研究者能更有效地开发细菌基因资源，更深入地洞察环境细菌多样性。
关键词 细菌；宏基因组；细菌人工染色体文库；生物活性物质；酶
中图法分类号［Q812］ 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-718-05
Exploration of Environmental Bacterial Metagenome and Library Screening of Bioactive Materials of Oceanic Bacteria
Yang Guanpin Mao Yunxiang
(College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract The collective genome of all living things in a habitat is defined as metagenome, which determines population characters. Genomics has shifted our study unit from single gene to gene assemblage Metagenomics will certainly let us discover higher level and much more complex biological dogma. Due to limitations in our knowledge of gene structure and function and technique in gene manipulation, metagenomics is focused on the environmental bacteria at present. Screening of bacterial artificial chromosome library of environmental bacteria and systematics of some common genes will offer us more effectiveness of utilizing bacterial gene resource and deeper understanding about bacterial diversity.
Key words bacteria; metagenome; bacterial artificial chromosome library; bioactive material; enzyme
菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)对潮间带水层-沉积物界面颗粒通量影响的研究
韩洁 张志南 于子山
（青岛海洋大学海洋生命学院，青岛，266003）
摘要 研究利用中型生物扰动系统(AFS)对胶州湾薛家岛潮间带菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)养殖断面和非养殖断面的中潮和低潮4个站位的生物沉降和沉积物的再悬浮过程进行测定。结果表明生物沉降作用与大型滤食性双壳类动物-菲律宾蛤仔的丰度呈显著的正相关关系（r=0.984, P<0.05），养殖断面的生物沉降作用要明显地大于非养殖断面。在菲律宾蛤仔的低密度区，生物沉降的作用小于自然沉降，而在其养殖的高密度区，生物沉降率约为自然沉降率的4倍。薛家岛潮间带沉积物的临界侵蚀速率为17.4～20.4cm/s。沉积物的稳定性与所测生物因子的关系不密切（P>0.05）。作者推测两个断面中潮站位沉积物的相对易侵蚀性，可能是由于此处环境受到某些大型动物及高潮带人工养殖带来的扰动所致。
关键词 生物扰动系统；菲律宾蛤仔；生物沉降；沉积物再悬浮；临界侵蚀速率；胶州湾
中图法分类号 X17；Q143 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-723-07
Effects of Manila Clam(Ruditapes philippinarum)on the Benthic Pelagic Particle Flux in Xuejiadao Intertidal Zone
Han Jie Zhang Zhinan Yu Zishan
(College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract An annular flux system (AFS) was deployed to measure the biodeposition and the sediment resuspension processes at four stations in the mid-shore and low-shore along both natural and Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) farming transects in Xuejiadao intertidal zone. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between the biodeposition rates and the density (r = 0.984, P<0.05) of the filter feeder, Manila clam. The effect of biodeposition at the farming transect was more intensive than that at the natural transect where the biodeposition effect was lower than that resulting from natural sedimentation. In contrast, the biodeposition rate at the culture site with the high density of Manila clams was four times of the natural sedimentation rate. The critical erosion velocities of intertidal sediments at Xuejiadao were from 17.4 to 20.4cm s-1. It was found that the site differences in sediment erodibility were not significantly correlated with measured biota factors such as total macrofauna biomass, total abundance and macrofauna densities (P>0.05). It was supposed that the lower stability of sediments in the mid-shore level at both transects was probably associated with higher densities of bioturbators and with disturbance by shrimp farming in the highshore.
Key words annular flux system; Manila clam; biodeposition; sediment resuspension; critical erosion velocities; Jiaozhou Bay
海洋假单胞菌纤溶酶的酶学性质的研究
刘晨光 魏香1刘万顺
（青岛海洋大学海洋生命学院，青岛，266003）
（1清华大学生物科学与技术系，北京，100084）
摘要 从一株海洋假单胞菌中分离制备出一种具有纤溶活性的酶，对其酶学性质进行实验研究结果显示：该酶的分子量是21kD，等电点是7.4～7.5；最适作用pH是8.0，最适作用温度是50℃。该酶具有降解苯甲酰-L-精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐（BAEE）的活性，酶的动力学分析表明：Km=0.87mmol/L, Vmax=1.80×10-3mmol/Ls-1。
关键词 纤溶酶; 酶学性质;假单胞菌属
中图法分类号 R282.71；R282.77 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-730-05
Study on Characteristics of Fibrilytic Enzyme from Maine Pseudomonas
Liu Chenguang Wei Xiang1Wang Zhen Liu Wanshun
(College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of Qingdao,Qingdao 266003, China）
(1 Department of Biology and Technology, Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084, China)
Abstract The characteristics of fibrilytic enzyme produced from a bacteria of Pseudomonas were studied. The results showed that molecular weight and the pI of the enzyme were 21kD and 7.4～7.5 respectively; The optimum pH was 8 and the optimum temperature was 50℃. It would degrade N-Benzoyl-L-Arginne Ethyl Ester Hydro-chloride(BAEE).The kinetic analysis of enzyme showed that Km=0.87mmol/L, Vmax=1.80×10-3mmol/Ls-1。
Key words fibrilytic enzyme; characteristics of enzyme;Pseudomonas
砂海螂Mya arenaria Linnaeus核型
郑家声 王梅林
(青岛海洋大学海洋生命学院, 266003)
摘要 作者以鳃为材料，用空气干燥法制作染色体标本，研究了砂海螂Mya arenaria Linnaeus的核型，其核型公式2n为34,24m+10sm,染色体总臂数NF为68。无端部和亚端部着丝点染色体，也无异型染色体。
关键词砂海螂；染色体；核型
中图法分类号Q178.53；Q343 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-735-04
The Karyotype of Mya Arenaria Linnaeus
Zheng Jiasheng Zheng Dahai Wang Meilin
(College of Marine life , Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract Studies were carried out to investigate the karyotype of Mya arenaria Linnaeus. Calculation from 105 cells showed that their chromosome number(2n) was 34 on average and the fundamental number(NF) was 68.Relative lengths and arm ratios measured from 8 cells showed that the chromosomes could be classified into two groups: 12 pairs of metacentric chromosomes, 5 pairs of submetacentric chromosomes.
Key wordsMya arenaria; chromosome; karyotype
歧口凹陷滩海区下第三系地震反射特征及层序划分
许淑梅1翟世奎1李三忠1周立宏2
（1青岛海洋大学地球科学学院，青岛，266003
2大港油田集团公司，天津大港，300280）
摘要 本文主要利用地震反射同相轴的终止形式和不连续类型，对歧口凹陷滩海区下第三系地层进行层序的划分，并对不同体系域内部及层序界面的地震反射特征进行较为详尽的描述。研究结果表明，歧口凹陷下第三系发育有六个层序，每个层序的顶、底界面分别对应于区内七个地震反射界面。不同成因及不同沉积环境的层序内部具有不同的地震反射相。并讨论体系域与油气赋存的关系。
关键词 歧口凹陷；下第三系；地震反射特征；层序
中图法分类号P539.2 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-739-08
Seismic Reflections and Sequence Division of Lower Tertiary in Qikou Sag
Xu Shumei1Zhai Shikui1Li Sanzhong1Zhou Lihong2
(1
Department of Marine Geology, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao
266003,China)
(2 Dagang Oilfield Group LTD Company, Dagang 300280,China)
Abstract The features of seismic reflections of different tract system by employing the seismic data, logging recorder and some other materials are discussed. There are one secondary level sequence and six third level sequences of Lower Tertiary in Qikou sag. Studies of controlling factors of sequence development show that there are two kinds of sequence developed in Qikou sag and they are tectonic sequence and climate sequence. Sequence 1, sequence 3,sequence 4, sequence 5 and sequence 6 are tectonic sequences because the boundary faults controls the space of sedimentation. Sequence 2 is a climate sequence. During the sedimentary process of the sequence 2, the primary controlling factor on the sequence model is the climate and the changes of the water level of lake are not influenced by the uplift of bases rock and the boundary faults.
The top and bottom boundaries of each sequence correspond to 7 seismic reflection interfaces. The sequences with different sedimentary faces have different seismic reflection features. Sand bodies have "forereaching reflections", whereas the condensed section has "high amplitude, high continuity and parallel reflections". All those findings could be used to predict the location of sand bodies and have great significances in directing the petroleum exploration.
Key Words Qikou sag; lower tertiary; seismic reflection; sequence
长江、黄河河口沉积物中生物标志化合物组成的初步研究
毛登1范德江 郭志刚 杨作升
(青岛海洋大学地球科学学院，青岛，266003)
摘要 该文对长江口、黄河口以及废黄河口现代沉积物中生物标志化合物组成进行分析。结果表明：长江与黄河沉积物中的生物标志化合物组成有较大的差别，长江沉积物中具明显奇偶优势的高碳数正构烷烃以及C29甾烷的相对含量较高，Pr/Ph值较大，受陆生高等植物的影响明显；黄河低碳数正构烷烃和C27甾烷的相对含量较高，Pr/Ph值较小，受陆生高等植物的影响较弱。甾烷、萜烷的成熟度指数显示长江高于黄河、现代黄河高于废黄河。这些差异主要受流域环境背景和流域内人文过程两大不同因素的影响。
关键词 长江；黄河；沉积物；生物标志化合物
中图法分类号 P736.4 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-747-08
Preliminary Study on Biomarker in Surface Sediments from Mouths of the Changjiang River and the Huanghe River
Mao Deng Fan Dejiang Guo
Zhigang Yang Zuosheng
(College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract Organic geochemical measurments of the biomarker have been carried out on three samples of the surface sediments collected from the bays of the Changjiang River, the Huanghe River and the Old Huanghe River. The result shows that there are remarkable differences of the biomarkers between the sediments of the Changjiang River and the Huanghe River. In the sample of the Changjiang River, the higher molecular weight nalkanes with a strong odd/even predominance are dominant, and the relative content of C29 sterane and Pr/Ph are comparatively higher. All of these indicate that there is an obvious terrestrial plant input. But, in the sample of Huanghe River, the relative content of lower molecular weight nalkanes and C27 sterane are comparatively higher, and Pr/Ph is lower than that of the sample from the Changjiang River. The terrestrial plant input is not obvious. The maturity indices calculated from the hopane and sterane are also very different in the two types of the surface sediments. The maturity indices of the biomarker in the sediment from the Changjiang River are greater than those from the Huanghe River. These phenomena may be caused mainly by the environmental and the anthropogenic differences between the drainage areas of the two great rivers.
Key words the Changjiang River; the Huanghe River; sediments; biomarker
利用高密度电阻率法进行断层破碎带探查的数值模拟方法
郭秀军 王兴泰
（青岛海洋大学，青岛，266003）
（长春科技大学，长春，130026）
摘要 为明确不同条件下断层破碎带的异常特征，提高高密度电阻率法(HDR)的应用效果，该文在大量探测实例的基础上提出断层破碎带的地电模型；用有限元数值模拟的方式计算出不同地表电性层的情况下，高、低阻断层破碎带在不同电测的异常特征并确定最佳采集装置形式；并正演模拟倾斜断层的异常分布形态，给出为提高视电阻率断面对断层产状反映能力的数据处理方法。
关键词高密度电阻率法 ；断层破碎带；数值模拟；地电模型；异常特征；比值参数
中图法分类号P642；P631.3 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-755-07
Numerlcal Simulation Method in the Explorationof Faultage with High Density Resistivity
Guo Xiujun1 Wang Xingtai2
(1 Ocean University of Qingdao，Qingdao 266003, China)
(2 Science and Technology University of Changchun, Changchun 130026, China)
Abstract In order to determine the abnormal character of faultage under different conditions and to enhance the applying effectness of HDR, this paper gives the electric models of faultages on the basis of many explorative examples. By analyzing the abnormal characters calculated by finite element method (FEM) of different faultages with different arrays, we confirm the best array when the first electricity layer is different. This text also gives the abnormal characters of lean faultages by FEM and the data processing methods which can improve the resolution of the apparent resistivity section.
Key words HDR; faultage; numerical value simulate; electricity model; abnormal character; ratio parameter
黄河口泥沙异重流的数值模拟
庞重光1 杨作升2
（1中科院海洋研究所，青岛, 266071
2青岛海洋大学河口所, 青岛, 266003）
摘要 将已被广泛应用的一维泥沙异重流控制方程推广到平面二维情形，构成一组四方程模型，并对方程中重要参数的取值作了讨论。而后针对黄河口泥沙异重流的发生和演变受潮相控制的特殊性对其进行数值模拟。在泥沙异重流的基本控制方程中加入了潮汐影响项, 采用ADI法对黄河口的潮流控制方程与有潮汐影响的泥沙异重流控制方程进行半耦合求解。模拟结果与实测结果基本吻合。
关键词 黄河口；泥沙异重流；数值模拟；潮相控制；ADI法
中图法分类号P737.14 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-762-07
Numerical Simulation of Sediment Hyperpycnal Underflows at the Huanghe Estuary
Pang Chongguang1Yang Zuosheng2
(1 Institute of Oceanology, CAS, Qingdao 266071, China)
(2 Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract 2-dimensional controlling equations of sediment hyperpycnal underflows are developed based on a 1-dimensional three-equation model, which has been used widely recently. This 2-dimensional model includes four equations. The key parameters of the two-dimension model are evaluated quantitatively. In order to simulate numerically sediment hyperpycnal underflows at the Huanghe Estuary according to their characteristics, we added some tidal factors, including tidal level and velocity of tidal current to the basic 2-dimensional four-equation model, then the tide-controlling equations and controlling equations of sediment hyperpycnal underflows are solved in half-coupling way with ADI(alternating direction implicit) method. The calculating result shows that tide-phase controls sediment hyperpycnal under-flows at Huanghe Estuary, which emerge at beginning of ebb-tide, then become the most developed while tide is ebbing rapidly. Sediment hyperpycnal under-flows start to decline at beginning of flood-tide, they vanish finally when tide is rising strongly. There is good agreement between the calculating result and the measured records.
Key words Huanghe Estuary; sediment hyperpycnal under-flows; numerical simulation; tide-controlling; ADI method
研究报告
复配微乳增溶增敏分光光度法测定海水中硼的研究
褚金芳 陈国华 于灏
（青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003）
摘要 首次把SDS:OP乳化剂复配微乳的增溶增敏性应用于海水中硼的分光光度法测定研究中，确定了最佳实验条件，改进了现有的姜黄法。该方法的精密度为8.9×10-3，回收率为104%，硼浓度在0～1.20μg/mL 范围内遵守比耳定律。摩尔吸光系数为1.59×105，检出限为0.0069μgmL1-1。结果表明该方法可广泛应用于海水及其它水体中硼的水相直接显色分光光度测定。
关键词 硼的测定；复配微乳；海水；分光光度法
中图法分类号 P734 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-769-08
Investigation
on Determination of Boron in Seawater by Built-Up Microemulsion Enhanced
SpectrophotometryChu Jinfang Chen Guohua Yu Hao
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003,China)
Abstract The determination of boron in the medium of built-up microemulsion (SDS: OP: n-Butyl alcohol: distilled water=1.36:13.64:8.18:76.82)was investigated for the first time. The optimum experimental conditions were determined through experiments. The classic curcumin method of boron determination was improved. Boron in seawater could be determined by this microemulsion enhanced spectrophotometry method to avoid the interference of salinity. The experimental results showed that the sensitivity of determination was enhanced greatly. The precision was 8.9×10-3;the recovery was 104% and the liner range was 0～1.2μg/mL, the molar absorptivity was 1.59×105; the detection limit was 0.0069μg/mL. This method could be applied widely to the determination of boron of diversified water.
Key words determination of boron; built-up microemulsion; seawater; spectrophotometry
研究简报
甲壳素对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附研究
齐春惠 陈国华
（青岛海洋大学化学化工学院，青岛，266003）
摘要 采用正交实验法，使用甲壳素（粗制壳聚糖），研究温度、时间、吸附剂用量、酸度、盐效应对甲壳素吸附水中溶解的Cr(Ⅵ)离子的吸附过程的影响，将实验结果进行极差分析，得到较优的吸附条件。实验结果表明：在pH =2、30℃、离子强度5mmol/L的条件下，甲壳素对Cr(Ⅵ)的最大吸附量为13.1mg/g。根据化学平衡及红外光谱分析结果表明：甲壳素对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附主要是游离氨基静电吸附Cr2O72-，吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式。
关键词甲壳素；铬；水处理；吸附
中图法分类号X131.2 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-777-05
Research on Adsorption of Chitin for Cr(Ⅵ)
Qi Chunhui Chen Guohua
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of Qingdao,Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract Characteristics of absorption of chitin for Cr(Ⅵ) from solution were studied in various conditions of temperature, time, the using quantity of chitin, pH value and salinity by orthogonal design. In condition of pH=2, 30℃, ionic strength 0.005mol/L,the maxim absorption quantity was 13.1mg/g. The absorption mechanism was investigated preliminary. Static electvicity attraction between-NH3+ and Cr2O72- was major cause to the absorption of chitin for Cr(Ⅵ) and the absorption isotherm fit Langmuir absorption isotherm.
Key words chitin; chromium; water treatment; absorption
噪声相关时多通道带乘性噪声系统最优滤波
褚东升 韩慧 刘滨
(青岛海洋大学工程学院, 青岛, 266003)
摘要 针对多通道乘性噪声系统问题的实际需要，推广Rajasekaran滤波算法，利用线性最小方差的概念和投影公式，导出含有乘性噪声统计特性参数阵特殊乘法运算的新息协方差矩阵，并利用这个中间矩阵，在观测为多通道，且各个通道的乘性噪声不同，以及系统的动态噪声和观测噪声同时刻相关的情况下，导出状态递推滤波算法，该算法在线性最小方差意义下是最优的。并对该算法进行仿真研究，仿真结果表明了该算法的有效性。
关键词 随机系统；乘性噪声；最优滤波；新息序列
中图法分类号TP13 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-782-07
Optimal Filtering of MultiChannel System with Multiplicative Noise During the Noises Relevant
Chu Dongsheng Han Hui Liu Bin
(College of Engineering, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract Owing to the practical requirement of multi-channel system with multiplicative noise, the Rajasekaran filtering algorithm is broadened. Use of the concept of linear minimum variance and projection formula deduce the covariance matrix of the innovation sequence, which contains special multiplicative operation of the statisticly characteristic parameter matrix with multiplicative noise. The state recursive-filtering algorithm is daduced byapplying the covariance and according to the multi-channel observation and the different multiplicative noise of each observation channel and the relevance of system and observaed noise in the same time. This algorithm is optimal under the linear Aminimum variance. A number of simulations are performed.
Key words stochastic system; multiplicative noise; optimal filtering; innovation sequence
一个基于TOPEX卫星极端海面风速预测的海洋地理信息系统
方朝阳 陈戈
（青岛海洋大学海洋遥感研究所，青岛，266003）
摘要 在基于TOPEX卫星数据建立全球极端海面风速预测模型的基础上，开发出用于极端海面风速预测和可视化预测结果的海洋地理信息系统(MGIS)。并论述全球极端海面风速预测的意义和MGIS在预测过程中的重要性及必要性；给出全球极端海面风速预测的统计模型；简述极端海面风速预测海洋地理信息系统的结构、工作流程和功能；同时，对系统的预测结果进行初步分析。
关键词海洋地理信息系统；极端海面风速预测；卫星高度计；多维地学数据可视化
中图法分类号P733；P208 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-789-06A
TOPEX-Based Marine Geographical Information System for Prediction of Extreme Sea Surface Wind Speeds
Fang Chaoyang Chen Ge
(Ocean Remote Sensing Institute, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract A marine geographical information system (MGIS) for predicting global extreme sea surface wind speeds is developed. It can be used to model the global wind system, estimate its extreme values and visualize the predicted results. The significance of global extreme wind speed estimate and the importance of using MGIS in the analysis process are discussed. A statistical model for estimating global extreme sea surface wind speed is proposed. The configuration and functions of the MGIS system is explained. Meanwhile, a preliminary geophysical interpretation of the predicted results is presented.
Key words marine geographical information system; extreme sea surface wind speed prediction; satellite altimeter; visualization of multi-dimensional geophysical data
海面光谱辐射计系统研制及遥感反射比的测量
王勇 刘智深 张凯临 黄海龙 吴松华
(青岛海洋大学海洋遥感研究所,海洋遥感教育部重点实验室,青岛，266003)
摘要 本文报道海面光谱辐射计的研制、定标和海上现场实验测量。运用一个256元光电二极管列阵传感器件测量海面离水辐亮度和向下辐照度的光谱分布，可计算得出遥感反射比。该仪器所测量的数据可以用于海洋方面相关专业的科学研究，并给出海上实验测量数据。
关键词 光谱辐射计；光电二极管列阵（SSPD）；遥感反射比
中图法分类号P733.3+1 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-795-06
A Spectral Radiometer Based on SSPD Detector and Experiments for Ocean Remote Sensing Reflectance
Wang Yong Liu Zhishen Zhang Kailin Huang Hailong Wu Songhua
(Ocean Remote Sensing Institute, Ocean
Remote Sensing Laboratory of Education Ministry of China,
Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract In this paper, the investigation, calibration and checking experiment of the spectral radiometer are reported. The instrument can detect two indispensable parameters-water-leaving upward spectral radiance and downward irradiance and provide sufficient irradiant data to meet the need of scientific study, promising it a bright application prospect. The calibration and checking experimental results of the spectral radiometer show that the spectral radiometer is fairly accurate and the results are satisfactory.
Key words spectral radiometer; self-scanning photodiode array(SSPD); remote sensing reflectance
超高速光孤子传输特性分析及数值模拟
王晶 苗洪利 任志君 李颖 杨爱玲
(青岛海洋大学物理系，青岛，266003)
摘要 通过数值解非线性耦合薛定谔方程，研究高速光孤子通信系统中高阶色散和偏振模色散对孤子传输的影响，并数值模拟孤子在单模光纤中的演变。研究结果表明：偏振模色散导致孤子脉冲展宽、峰值功率下降、峰值点随传输距离漂移；高阶色散和偏振模色散使孤子加速展宽、脉冲沿出现非对称的振荡结构，脉冲峰值点随传输距离的漂移而发生改变。
关键词 单模光纤；孤子；高阶色散；偏振模色散
中图法分类号Q439 文章编号1001-1862(2001)05-801-04
Analysis and Numerical Simulation of the Optical Soliton Evolution Characteristic of Super HighBitRate
Wang Jing Miao Hongli Ren Zhijun Li Ying Yang Ailing
(Department of Physics, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract In this paper the authors study that the high-order dispersion and PMD influence on the soliton transmission by using numerically solved nonlinear coupling the Schrodinger equation. The soliton evolution is simulated by using a numerical method in the single mode fiber. The results show that the soliton pulse is broadened by the PMD and the power peak drop out and power peak point is drifted along the fiber; the soliton pulse is broadened quickly with highorder dispersion and PMD and an osocillatory structure are induced near one of the pulse edges and the departure of power peak point is altered along the fiber.
Key words single mode optical fiber; soliton; highorder dispersion; polarization mode dispersion