综 述
海水中溶解有机氮的分析
王江涛， 赵春霞
(中国海洋大学化学化工学院， 山东 青岛 266003)
摘 要： 分析总结海水中溶解有机氮(DON)的测定方法，包括Kjeldahl消解法、碱性过硫酸钾氧化法(PO)、紫外法(UV)、微波消解法(MWD)、高温燃烧法(HTO)。分别介绍了各种测定方法的原理及其发展，比较了不同方法的氧化效率和优缺点，并指出海水中溶解有机氮的测定意义。
关键词: 溶解有机氮； 过硫酸钾氧化法； 紫外消解法； 高温燃烧法； 微波消解法
中图法分类号： O627 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1672-5174(2004)05Ⅱ-1-05
The analysis of Dissolved
Organic Nitrogen in sea water
WANG Jiangtao, ZHAO Chunxia
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean
University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract: Methods of determining dissolved organic
nitrogen in sea water included Kjeldahl method， alkaline phosphoric oxidation
method， ultraviolet oxidation method，microwave digestion method and high
temperature oxidation method. The principles and developments of each method
were introduced. The oxidation efficiency of each method were compared. The
determination of DON was also significant for biogeochemistry of nitrogen in sea
water.
Key words: dissolved organic nitrogen； alkaline phosphoric oxidation； ultravio
let oxidation； high temperature oxidation； microwave digestion
石油烃污染现场围隔生态系中浮游植物对营养盐的吸收利用
石晓勇， 王修林， 祝陈坚
(中国海洋大学化学化工学院， 山东 青岛 266003)
摘 要： 利用1998年5月26日～6月1日首次在长江口邻近海域(绿华山花鸟山海域，30°50
.50′N，122°36.70′E)进行的中尺度现场围隔生态实验，通过现场加入可溶性石油烃污染物的方式，进行了石油烃污染影响下海洋浮游植物对营养盐的吸收利用的初步研究。结果表明：浓度约1
800μg/dm3的石油烃整体上对浮游植物的生长有一定程度的抑制，特别是对甲藻的抑制作用较强，但对硅藻的生长可能存在有一定的促进作用。其中石油烃对浮游植物吸收和释放PO4P的抑制作用显著高于对NO3N的抑制，而对浮游植物吸收Si的速率则有所促进。OCM98和OEM98围隔中浮游植物对PO4P和NO3N吸收
和释放速率的差异，表明长江口邻近海域PO4P是比NO3N更重要的营养盐限制因子。
关键词： 石油烃； 营养盐； 围隔； 长江口； 东中国海
中图法分类号： P734.4+4 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1672-5174(2004)05Ⅱ-6-05
Nutrients Adsorption by Phytoplankton in a Petroleum
Hydrocarbon Enhanced Mesocosm
SHI Xiaoyong, WANG Xiulin, ZHU Chenjian
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean
University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract： A middle scaled mesocosm enhanced with petroleum hydrocarbon was
carried out for the first time in the Changjiang estuary adjacent sea
area(30°50.50 ′N,122°36.70′E, LuhuashanHuaniaoshan area), East China Sea, from
May 26th to Jun 1st, 1998. And preliminary study of nutrients adsorption by
phytoplankton associated with petroleum hydrocarbon was made in the experiment.
The result indicates that, generally, petroleum hydrocarbon with about 1
800μg/dm 3 can inhibit the growth of phytoplankton, especially for
dinoflagellate, but may promote the growth of diatom. It shows that the
influence of petroleum hydro
carbon to the PO4P uptake and release rate by phytoplankton was more
significant than those of NO3N. Moreover, petroleum hydrocarbons can enhance
the uptake of silicate by phytoplankton to some extent. Furthermore, both uptake
and release constants of PO4P by phytoplankton in the control mesocosm are
higher
than those of NO3N, and the influence of petroleum
hydrocarbon to the uptake and release rate of PO4P by phytoplankton is higher
than those of NO3N , imply that PO4P is a more important nutrient limiting
factor than NO3N for the growth of phytoplankton in the East China Sea, in
spring 1998.
Key words:
petroleum hydrocarbon; nutrient; mesocosm; Changjiang estuary; East C hina Sea
计时电流法测定海水介质中的一氧化氮
邢 磊， 张正斌， 林 彩， 刘春颖， 吴真真
(中国海洋大学化学化工学院海洋化学研究所，山东
青岛 266003)
摘 要：
应用计时电流法和美国World
precision Instruments公司生产的ISONOPMC
NO微传感器系统地研究了天然海水等6种介质中NO的分析测定。结果表明，ISONOPMC传感器对于海水中10-9～10-6mol/L的NO，其响应电流与NO浓度有良好线性关系，检出限为4.2×10-10mol/L(S/N=2)。
关键词：
计时电流法； ISONOPMC微传感器；
一氧化氮； 海水
中图法分类号： O657.12+
文献识别码： A
文章编号 ：
1672-5174(2004)05Ⅱ-011-05
Amperometric Detection Of Nitric Oxide in the Medium
of Seawater
XING Lei, ZHANG Zhengbin,
LIN Cai, LIU Chunying,
WU Zhenzhen
(Institute of Marine Chemistral, Chemistry and Chemicd
Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract：
In this paper, amperometric detection of nitric oxide with ISONOPMC
NO microsensors (WPI) is systemically studied in the six mediums including sea
water for the first time. The results indicated the linear range of the
microsensor was from the NO concentration 10-6mol/L
to 10-9mol/L
and the d
etection limit was 4.2×10-10mol/L(S/N=2).
Key words：
amperometric detection；
ISONOPMC NO
microsensors；
nitric oxide；seawter
综 述
一氧化氮的海洋生物地球化学
刘春颖，
张正斌， 邢
磊， 林
彩， 吴真真
(中国海洋大学海洋化学研究所，山东
青岛 266003)
摘
要：介绍了NO海洋生物地球化学的研究现状，包括海水和浮游植物的NO来源和NO对浮游植物生长影响的研究概况，并对今后NO的研究提出了若干想法。
关键词：
一氧化氮； 海洋；
生物地球化学
中图法分类号： P734.4+5
文献标识码： A
文章编号： 1672-5174(2004)05Ⅱ-16-07
The Ocean Biogeochemistry of Nitric Oxide
LIU Chunying，
ZHANG Zhengbin，
XING Lei， LIN Cai，
WU Zhenzhen
(Institute of Marine Chemistry，
Ocean University of China，
Qingdao 266003，
China)
Abstract： In this
paper, the research of ocean biogeochemistry of nitric oxide is introduced，
including the NO production of ocean and phytoplankton，
and the elationship between the nitric oxide and the phytoplankton. Some ideas
about the nitric oxide research in the future are advanced.
Key words: nitric oxide；
ocean；
biogeochemistry
渤海海上原油气相色谱指纹鉴别
孙培艳1,2，
包木太2，
高振会1，
谢 利1，
王鑫平1，
侯春强1，
王修林2
(1. 国家海洋局北海监测中心，山东
青岛 266033；
2. 中国海洋大学化学化工学院，
山东 青岛
266003)
摘 要：
对渤海海上3个不同油田的5个平台所产原油进行了气相色谱分析，采用不同方法对其特征信息进行了比较，包括偶数碳正构烷烃分布范围、相对峰高、相对峰面积，姥鲛烷和植烷的相对峰高和相对峰面积，用相关系数法对其特征信息进行了匹配鉴别，并用K均值分类法进行分类。结果显示：尽管同是渤海海上原油，由于渤海本身地质状况的复杂，不同区块的原油也不尽相同，即使同一区块，距离较近的平台所产原油也有差异，但差异较小，采用气相色谱油指纹鉴别法可以在一定程度上将其进行区分，但为了更好地区分鉴别同一区块距离较近的原油，需要采用更多的油指纹分析手段。
关键词：
原油； 气相色谱；
指纹； 鉴别
中图法分类号： O65
文献标识码： A
文章编号： 1672-5174(2004)05Ⅱ-023-04
Identification of Crude Oil in Bohai Sea by Gas
Chromatogram Fingerprint
SUN Peiyan1，2,
BAO Mutai2, GAO
Zhenhui1, XIE
Li1, WANG Xinping1,
HOU Chunqiang1,
WANG Xiulin2
(1. North China Sea Monitoring Center, State Oceanic
Administration, Qingdao 266033, China;2. College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract： 5 crude
oil samples coming from 5 different platforms in 3 differentoil fields are
analyzed by Gas Chromatogram. By using the difference methods, we compare the
characteristic information which include the distribution range, relative peak
height, relative peak area of evencarbon
straightchain
paraffin, the relative peak height and area of pristine and phytane. The
characteristic information is distinguished by correlation coefficient method,
and classify by K mean value method.The preliminary results show that the
distinction is exist of 5 crude oil samples from 5 different platforms in 3
different oil fields in Bo
hai Sea, but the distinction is diminutive. It can be identified by Gas
Chromatogram. Several methods can be used in order to identify the crude oil
samples of similar characteristics.
Key words： crude
oil; gas chromatogram; fingerprint; identification
一株海洋假单胞菌产生物絮凝剂的研究
周爱华，
梁生康， 单宝田，
陆金仁， 王修林
(中国海洋大学化学化工学院，山东
青岛 266003)
摘 要：
从青岛近岸虾池底泥中分离到1株名为S101的絮凝剂产生菌，经鉴定属于假单胞菌(Pseudomonas
sp.)。研究了该菌株所产絮凝剂的理化性质和絮凝特性，并初步探讨了其絮凝机理。结果表明，该菌株所产絮凝剂为1种大分子糖蛋白类化合物，总糖含量为88.73%，蛋白质含量为7.56%，分子量在(1.0～3.0)×106之间；对高岭土悬液，当絮凝剂用量为1～10mg/L，温度为10～70℃，pH为5～11时均可保持较高的絮凝活性；另外，该絮凝剂对生活污水、造纸厂废水、油田废水、黄河泥浆水、碳素墨水、藻细胞悬液都具有良好的絮凝效果；其主要絮凝机理为架桥吸附和卷扫作用。
关键词：
假单胞菌； 生物絮凝剂；
絮凝活性； 糖蛋白
中图法分类号： Q93
文献标识码： A
文章编号： 1672-5174(2004)05Ⅱ-027-05
Study on a Bioflocculant Produced by a Marine
Pseudomonas sp.
ZHOU Aihua,
LIANG Shengkang,
SHAN Baotian, Lu
Jinren, WANG Xiulin
( College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean
University of China，Qingdao
266003, China)
Abstract： A
bacterial strain, S101,
capable of producing bioflocculant was screened from the sediment of a shrimp
pond on Qingdao seashore. It was identified as
Pseudomonas
sp.. Some chemical characteristics and flocculating properties of the
bioflocculant were studied. Moreover, its flocculating mechanism was also
discussed preliminarily. The results showed that the bioflocculant was a kind of
glycoprotein with high molecule. Total sugar content was 88.73% and protein
content was 7.56%. The molecular weight was estimated to be (1.0～3.0)×106.
It was found to be effective for flocculation of a kaolin suspension, when it
was added at a final concentration of 1～10mg/L,
over a wide range of pH(5～11)
and temperatures (approximately 10～70℃).In
addition, it could flocculate a variety of inorganic and organic suspended
particles efficiently , including domestic wastewater, oilfield wastewater,
Huanghe slurry water, ink and alga cell suspension. The main flocculanting
mechanism was absorbing ,bridging and sweeping.
Key words：
Pseudomonas
sp.; bioflocculant; flocculating activity; glycoprotein
温度和光照对几种赤潮藻生长的影响
于 萍，
张前前， 陈
坤， 王修林，
祝陈坚， 韩秀荣
(中国海洋大学化学化工学院，山东
青岛 266003)
摘 要：
利用多因子实验设计，研究了主要环境因子温度、光照对塔玛亚历山大藻(Alexandrium
tamarense)、赤潮异弯藻(Heterosigma
akashiwo Hada)、旋链角毛藻(Chaetoceros
curvisetus)和纤细角毛藻(Chaetoceros
debilis)生长的影响。经ANOVA统计分析(Tukey
test)表明，在实验范围(温度15，20，25，30℃和光照强度30，80，140μmol·s-1·m-2)内，光照强度对这4种藻的生长均有极显著影响(P<0.01),温度对塔玛亚历山大藻和赤潮异弯藻有极显著影响(P<0.01)，对旋链角毛藻和纤细角毛藻有显著影响(0.01<P<0.
05)。在实验条件下，4种藻的最适宜光照均为140μmol·s-1·m-2。塔玛亚历山大藻的最适生长温度为25℃，生长率为0.41d-1；赤潮异弯藻的最适生长温度为20℃，生长率为0.33d-1；旋链角毛藻和纤细角毛藻的最适生长温度均为25℃，生长率分别为0.84d-1，0.70d-1。
关键词：
温度； 光照；
生长； 赤潮
中图法分类号： X55
文献标识码： A
文章编号： 1672-5174(2004)05Ⅱ-032-05
Effects of Temporature and Irradiance on Growth of
Several Kinds of Red Tide Algae
YU Ping, ZHANG Qianqian,
CHEN Kun, WANG Xiulin,
ZHU Chenjian,
HAN Xiurong
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Ocean
University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract：
Twofactor
experiment design was used to study the effects of temperature and irrdiance on
the growth of Alexandriun
tamarense、Heterosigma
akashiwo Hada、Chaetoceros
curvisetus and
Chaetoceros
debilis.The results show that the growth of the four algae is significantly
different among temperatures (15,20,25,30℃)
and irradiances (30,80,140μmol·s-1·m -2). Temperature plays the most important
role in the growth of Alexandriun
tamarense and
Heterosigma
akashiwo Hada.
In this experiment, the optimal
irradiance for all the se four algae is 140μmol/(s·m2).
The optimal temperature for Alexandriun
tamarense is 25℃,
and the growth rate is 0.41d-1 during the exponential growth phase. The optimal
temperature for the other three algae during the exponential growth is 20℃,
and the growth rate is 0.33d-
1, while the optimal temperture of both
Chaetoceros curvisetus
and Chaetoceros
debilis are 25℃,
and the growth rates are 0.84d-1, 0.70d-1 respectively.
Key words：
temperature；
irradiance；
growth； red tide
采油微生物代谢产物中有机酸的分析
张前前1，
陆金仁1，
王修林1，
祝陈坚1，
汪卫东2
(1. 中国海洋大学化学化工学院，山东
青岛 266003；
2. 胜利油田有限公司采油工艺研究院，山东
东营 257000)
摘 要：
分析微生物与原油作用后产生有机酸的组成和含量是微生物采油技术研究的重要部分。本文用GC和GC/MS
分析方法对采油微生物代谢产物中的有机酸进行了分析，经质谱谱库NIST98鉴定了26种非短链有机酸化合物，并对采油院2种菌液及其细胞破碎液中的有机酸进行了分析比较。结果表明微生物代谢产物中有机酸的总量为几十～几百mg/L，以短链有机酸为主；细胞外代谢产物中的有机酸多于细胞内。
关键词：
采油微生物； 代谢产物；
有机酸； 气相色谱；
气相色谱质谱
中图法分类号： Q939.42;
Q936 文献标识码： A
文章编号：
1672-5174(2004)05Ⅱ-037-04
Analysis of Metabo1ites of Organic Acids from
Microorganisms
ZHANG Qianqian1,
LU Jinren1, WANG
Xiulin1, ZHU
Chenjian 1, WANG
Weidong2
(1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean
University of China, Qingdao 266003，
China；2. Research
Institute of Oil Production Technology, Shengli Oilfield Company, Sinopec,
Dongying 257000，
China)
Abstract: It is an important part of microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) to
analyze the compositions and concentrations of organic acids caused by
microorganisms dealing with oils. Gas chromatography and gas chromatographymass
spectrometry are applied to measure the organic acids in metabo1ites of
microorganisms for microbial enhanced oil recovery. Two strains of bacteria and
their cells' contents are analyzed and 26 organic acids are characterized by
using the mass spectra database of NIST98. The results show that the total
quantity of organic acids is between several ten and several hundred milligrams
per liter, the majority of which is short chain saturated carboxylic acids. It
also indicates that the compounds and amount obtained outside bacteria cells are
more than that inside bacteria cells.
Key words: microorganisms for MEOR；
metabo1ites；
organic acids；
gas chromatography；gas
chromatographymass
spectrometry
奥运帆船赛场及周边海域富营养化及污染状况初步研究
陈莉莉，
石晓勇， 王修林，
祝陈坚， 陆
茸
(中国海洋大学化学化工学院，山东
青岛 266003)
摘 要：
2003年8月14日通过对奥运帆船赛场及周边海域进行现场调查，对该海域的溶解无机态营养盐含量、化学耗氧量(COD)、溶解氧（DO)、pH值以及石油烃含量进行了分析，并在此基础上对该海域的富营养化程度及污染状况进行了初步探讨。通过对富营养化指数及有机污染指数的分析，表明奥运帆船赛场及周边海域大部分区域已经开始呈现轻微富营养化状态，富营养化及有机污染状况主要受陆源排放等因素的影响，近岸海区特别是浮山湾至麦岛沿岸区域污染较严重，该区域是奥运帆船比赛的必经区域，需要进一步加强保护与治理。
关键词：
奥运帆船赛场; 营养盐;
富营养化;
污染
中图法分类号： X17
文献标识码： A
文章编号：1672-5174(2004)05Ⅱ-041-06
Preliminary Study of Eutrophication and Pollution
Status of the 2008 Olympics BoatSailing
Field and Adjacent Area
CHEN Lili,
SHI Xiaoyong,
WANG Xiulin, ZHU
Chenjian, LU
Rong
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean
University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract: The 2008 Olympics boatsailing
field and adjacent area are investigated and analyzed,including dissolved
inorganic nutrient, dissolved oxygen, pH, chemical oxygen demand and petroleum
hydrocarbons. At the b
ase of it, preliminary research on the eutrophication
and pollution status in this sea area is carried out. The distribution of EI and
A unfolded that most of the survey area are in a status of slightly
eutrophication, and the eutrophication and organic pollution status are mostly
influenced by the land runoff and related factors. It shows that more strict
protection and treatment should be donein order to improve the environmental
quality of the Olympic boatsailing
field and adjacent area.
Key words：
Olympic boatsailing
field; nutrients; eutrophication; pollution
综 述
海水中藻类同海水界面相互作用的几个理论
吴真真，
宫海东， 张正斌
(中国海洋大学化学化工学院
海洋化学研究所，山东 青岛
266003)
摘 要：
结合近年来国内外的研究成果，本文对海水中元素同藻类界面上的相互作用进行了
综述。介绍了细胞吸收海水中营养元素的扩散反应过程，细胞膜吸收的动力学方程以及离子
通道、水通道理论等，展望了藻类吸收溶质和水分子的最新研究进展。
关键词：
界面； 吸收；
离子通道； 水通道；
藻类
中图法分类号： P734.3+5
文献标识码： A
文章编号：
16725174(2004)05Ⅱ04706
Several Theories of Interface Interactions Between
Elements and Algae in Seawater
WU Zhenzhen,
GONG Haidong,
ZHANG Zhengbin
(Institute of Marine Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract: In this paper, several theories of interface interactions between
elements and algae in seawater are reviewed. The up to date researches about
algae how to absorb the solutes in seawater and water molecules are mostly
introduced, including the diffusionreaction
processes about nutrient transport through cell membrane, kinetics equations,
ion channel and water channel.
Key words: interface; absorption; ion channel; water
channel; algae
长江口邻近海域冬季溶解氧、pH分布特征及主要影响过程初步研究
陆 茸，
石晓勇， 王修林，
张传松
(中国海洋大学化学化工学院，山东
青岛 266003)
摘 要：
根据20030308～20030320航次调查数据,初步分析了冬季长江口邻近海域溶解氧及pH分布特征及主要影响因素。结果显示：调查海域冬季溶解氧含量范围在6.62～10.52mg/L之间，平均为(8.80±0.89)mg/L，平面分布呈近岸高，外海低，由北向南递增趋势，垂直方向呈由表至底逐渐降低的趋势；pH分布在8.12～8.39范围内，平均值为8.29±0.06，平面呈近岸低，外海高，由北向南递增趋势分布，垂直分布均匀。该海域冬季溶解氧及pH主要受物理过程控制，生物活动对其影响并不明显。
关键词：
溶解氧； pH；
分布； 长江口；
冬季
中图法分类号： P734.4
文献标识码： A
文章编号： 16725174(2004)05Ⅱ05306
A Study on Distributions and Main Regulating Process
of Dissolved Oxygen and pH in the Adjacent Area of the Changjiang Estuary in
Winter
LU Rong， SHI Xiaoyong，
WANG Xiulin，
ZHANG Chuansong
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean
University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract：
A winter cruise was carried out from Mar. 8th to 20th 2003 in the East China
Sea, covering from 29.0°N to 32.0°N and 122.0°E to 124.0°E, in the purpose of a
primary study on the spatial distributions and the regulating factors of
dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH in the adjacent areas of Changjiang Estuary . The
Horizontal distribution of DO was in a decreasing trend from coastal waters to
the open sea, and an increasing trend from north to the south, while the
vertical distribution was in a decreasing trend from surface to bottom. The insitu
data showed that the DO concentration varied from 6.62 to 10.52mg/L, and a media
value was (8.80±0.89)mg/L. However, the distribution of pH value showed an
opposite pattern by a low value offshore and a comparatively high value in the
open sea. Accompanied with the trivial vertical variation, a north to south
increasing of pH was observed. The DO and pH in the study area in winter were
dominated by physical processes, rather than the biodisturbance,
which was considered to be neglectable.
Key words: dissolved oxygen; pH; distribution;
Changjiang estuary; winter
综 述
海洋浮游植物吸收光谱分析中的化学计量学应用研究进展
王 磊1，
张前前2，
王修林2，
类淑河3，
祝陈坚2
(中国海洋大学，1.
环境科学与工程学院； 2.
化学化工学院； 3.
数学系，山东 青岛
26
6003)
摘 要：
简要介绍了利用海洋浮游植物吸收光谱进行种类和数量分析的国内外研究进展，
着重介绍了用于浮游植物体外光谱(in
vitro)分析的经典化学计量学方法，如逐步判别
分析、主成分分析、偏最小二乘等。
关键词：
吸收光谱； 海洋浮游植物；
化学计量学
中图法分类号： X13；
Q949.2 文献标识码： A
文章编号： 16725174(2004)05Ⅱ05905
A Review of the Advances of Chemometrics and Its
Applications in the Absorption Spectra Analysis of Marine Phytoplanktons
WANG Lei1, ZHANG Qianqian2,
WANG Xiulin2,
LEI Shuhe3, ZHU
Chenjian2
(1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering;
2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; 3. Mathematics Department,
Ocean University of China，Qingdao
266003，China)
Abstract： This
paper puts forward a brief review of the advances in the species discrimination
and enumeration with the use of the adsorption spectra of marine phytoplanktons.
Great emphases are laid on a detailed description of the classical chemometrics,
such as stepwise discriminant analysis, principle component analysis and partial
least square, which have been successfully used in the statistical analysis of
the invitro
spectra results of marine phytoplankton.
Key words：
absorption spectra；
marine phytoplanktons；
chemometrics
异噻唑啉酮类衍生物抑菌性能的研究
于良民1，
田 斌1，
刘和芳1，
池振明2，
李海峰2
(中国海洋大学1.
化学化工学院；2.
海洋生命学院，山东 青岛
266003)
摘 要：
参照美国Rohm&Haas公司开发生产的Seanine211中的活性成分4,5二氯2正
辛基4异噻唑啉3酮，对3种新合成异噻唑啉酮衍生物进行了抑菌活性测定。结果表
明，3种新合成的异噻唑啉酮衍生物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、酒精酵母3种试验菌均具
有良好的抑制效果。
关键词：
异噻唑啉酮； 抑菌圈；
最小抑菌浓度
中图法分类号： R915
文献标识码： A
文章编号： 16725174(2004)05Ⅱ06403
Study on Bacteriostatic Activity of Isothiazolone
Derivaties
YU Liangmin1，
TIAN Bin1， LIU Hefang1，
CHI Zhen ming2
， LI Haifeng2
(Ocean University of China, 1. College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering；2.
College of Marine Life Sciences，Qingdao
266003，China)
Abstract： In this
paper the bacteriostatic activities of three kinds of new derivatives of
isothiazolone were investigated，with
reference to Seanine
211 produced by Rohm&Haas company in the U.S.A.The results showed that the
derivatives had good antibacterial activities and could inhibit some bacteria，such
asStaphylococcus
aureus, Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Key words: isothiazolone；
zone of inhibition；
MIC (minimal Inhibitory Concentration)
布洛芬羟丙基壳聚糖微丸的制备及其释放动力学研究
张启凤1，
陈国华1，
孙明昆1，
陆小兰1，
高从 2
(1. 中国海洋大学
化学化工学院,
山东 青岛
266003；2.
国家海洋局杭州水处理技术研究开发中心,
浙江 杭州
310012)
摘 要：
以壳聚糖为主要原料，合成了具有良好水溶性的羟丙基壳聚糖。以环氧氯丙烷为交
联剂，羟丙基壳聚糖为载体，将布洛芬做成缓释控释药物微丸，讨论了包埋条件对微丸性能
的影响以及药物在人工胃液和人工肠液中的释放行为。结果表明：(1)
合理控制交联剂用量
和药物投入量，能够得到药物包封率和释放性能良好的药物微丸；(2)
布洛芬药物微丸在人
工胃液中的释放量小，释放10h后累积释放率仅为23.6％，在人工肠液中的释放量大，释放10h后累积释放率高达89.2％；(3)
该微丸在酸碱性介质中的释放过程均符合近零级动力学。
关键词：
布洛芬； 羟丙基壳聚糖；
微丸； 释放行为
中图法分类号： P734
文献标识码： A
文章编号： 16725174(2004)05Ⅱ06706
Preparation and Drug sustainedRelease
Behavior of IbuprofenHydroxypropyl
Chitosan Micropellet
ZHANG Qifeng1,
CHEN Guohua1 ,
SUN Mingkun1, LU
Xiaolan1, Gao
Congjie2
(1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China；2.
Development center of Water Treatment Technology,SOA,Hangzhou 310012,China)
Abstract： Water
soluble hydroxypropyl chitosan (HPCS) was synthesized with chitosan as its raw
material. The sustainedrelease
drug micropellet of Ibuprofen was prepared by applying hydrogel of
epichlorohydrin crosslinked HPCS as the drug carriers. The preparation process
was optimized and the patterns of drug relea
se were evaluated. The results showed that: (1) The drug micropellet with
reasonable drug entrapment ratio and release velocity would be obtained if the
amountof crosslinking agent and drugs was controlled successfully; (2) The
Ibuprofen micropellet had a suitable release rate in artificial intestinal juice
but it was a very low release rate in artificial succus gastrius because it had
a low solubility in acid medium. The cumulative release percentage after 10h was
89.2% and 23.6%, respectively; (3) The release patterns in the two mediums fit
the zero order kinetics.
Key words: Ibuprofen; hydroxypropyl chitosan; micropellet; sustainedrelease
behavior
相转移催化合成三苯基羟基锡的研究
陈宗科1，
徐焕志2，
王 利2，
于良民2
(1. 青岛帝科精细化学有限公司,山东
青岛 266101; 2.
中国海洋
大学化学系，山东
青岛 266003)
摘 要：
以三苯基氯化锡、氢氧化钠为原料，在相转移催化剂催化下合成了三苯基羟基锡，
并用IR、1HNMR对合成产物的结构进行了确认，对影响反应产率的反应条件进行了研究。
关键词：
相转移催化； 三苯基羟基锡；
合成
中图法分类号：O627.42
文献标识码： A
文章编号： 16725174(2004)05Ⅱ07304
A Study of
Synthesis of Hydroxyltriphenylstannane with Phase Transfer Catalyst
CHEN Zongke1,
XU HuanZhi2,
WANG Li2, YU LiangMin2
(1. Qingdao DIC Fine Chemicals Co. ztd, Qingdao
266101, China; 2. College of chemistry and chemical Engineering, Ocean
University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract： A new
process was developed to synthesize hydroxyltriphenylstannane from Ph3SnCl and
NaOH by catalysis of phase transfer catalyst, and the reaction conditions on the
yield of the product were studied. The structure of the product was confirmed by
IR and 1HNMR.
Key words: phase transfer catalyst；
hydroxyltriphenylstannane；
synthesis
BMPCA结构类似物的合成与表征
徐焕志， 田
斌， 刘和芳，
于良民， 彭启强
(中国海洋大学化学化工学院，山东
青岛 266003)
摘 要:
以2甲基苯胺、卤代乙酰卤、溴素等为原料，合成了3个新的BMPCA结构类似物：N(4溴2甲基苯基)2,2,2三氯乙酰胺、N(4溴2甲基苯基)2溴乙酰胺
、N(4,6二溴2甲基苯基)2氯乙酰胺；并通过元素分析、IR和1HNMR波谱对其结构进行了表征。上述化合物可望在杀菌方面具有良好的应用前景。
关键词： N(4溴2甲基苯基)2,2,2三氯乙酰胺；
N(4溴2甲基苯基)2
溴乙酰胺； N(4,6二溴2甲基苯基)2氯乙酰胺；
合成
中图法分类号： O621.3
文献标识码： A
文章编号：16725174(2004)05Ⅱ07703
Synthesis of BMPCA Derivatives
XU Huanzhi,
TIAN Bin, LIU Hefang,
YU Liangmin,
PENG Qiqiang
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean
University of China，Qingdao
266003，China)
Abstract： Three
new derivatives of BMPCA were synthesized by the amidation reaction of halosubstituted
acetic halides with substituted otolylamines.
The structure of the products was confirmed by element analysis, IR and 1HNMR.
And the products are expected to be fungicides.
Key words: N(4bromo2methylphenyl)
2,2,2trichloroacetamide;
N(4bromo2methylphenyl)
2bromoacetamide;
N(2,4dibromo2methylphenyl)
2chloroacetamide;
synthesis
水热法合成纳米氧化铁的研究
李艳玲，
李先国， 冯丽娟，
单 红
(中国海洋大学化学化工学院，
山东 青岛
266003)
摘 要：
以三氯化铁和氢氧化钠为原料，水热法合成了纳米级的氧化铁。采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和傅立叶变换红外光谱分析(FT
IR)等测试手段对产物物相、形貌等进行了表征。研究结果表明，通过控制反应条件，低温水热合成可以制得球形、椭球形、纺锤形和十字交叉形的纳米氧化铁，并详细讨论了制备条件对产物物相、形貌的影响。
关键词：
水热合成； 纳米氧化铁；
晶形控制； 制备；
表征
中图法分类号： O611.4
文献标识码： A
文章编号：16725174(2004)05Ⅱ08005
Preparation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by
Hydrothermal Synthesis
LI Yanling,
LI Xianguo, FENG
Lijuan, SHAN
Hong
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean
University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract： Iron
oxide nanoparticles were prepared from ferric chloride aqueous solution and
sodium hydroxide (or ammonia) by hydrothermal sy
nthesis in autoclave. Chemical analysis, Xray
powder diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),
transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were employed t
oanalyze the purity, phase composition, particle size and morphology of Iron
oxides. The spherical, elliptic, spindle and decussate particles were produced
by c
ontrolling the conditions of hydrothermal synthesis. The effects of the initial
pH value, the initial concentration of FeCl3, the kind and dosage of additive,
and of the reaction time were investigated.
Key words: hydrothermal synthesis；
iron oxide nanoparticle；
morphology controlling; preparation; characterization
综 述
富勒烯及其衍生物的理论研究进展
夏树伟，
蔺智泉， 高林娜，
徐 香，
孙雅丽
(中国海洋大学化学化工学院，山东
青岛 266003)
摘 要：
全面评述了近十几年来有关富勒烯理论研究的进展，尤其对［60］、［70］富勒烯及其衍生物的分子结构，稳定性，电子性质，谱学性质等的理论研究历程，进行了回顾。
关键词：
富勒烯； 理论计算；
分子结构； 电子性质；
光谱性质
中图法分类号： O641.12+1
文献标识码： A
文章编号： 16725174(2004)05Ⅱ
08506
Advances in Theoretical Studies on the Fullerenes and
Derivatives
XIA Shuwei，
LIN Zhiquan，
GAO Linna，
XU xiang， SUN
Yali
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean
University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract: In this paper the progresses of the theoretical study on the fullerene
and derivatives in the recent decade are introduced. Especially, the theoretical
calculations on the molecular structures, stabilities, electronic properties and
spectral properties, are surveyed.
Key words: fullerene；
theoretical calculations；
molecular structures；
electronic properties；
spectral properties
ZnS∶Cu
纳米水溶胶的浓度猝灭研究
曹立新,
林映霞
(中国海洋大学材料科学与工程研究院,
山东 青岛
266003)
摘 要：
制备了ZnS∶Cu纳米水溶胶并研究了浓度对其发光性质的影响。研究发现水溶胶的发光是由ZnS的自激活发光和Cu2+离子中心的发光复合而
成， ZnS基质吸收能量，再把能量传递给发光中心。在Cu∶Zn比1∶200时，在同一微粒内激发和未激发的发光中心间的交叉驰豫很小；纳米水溶胶的浓度<3×10-4mol/L时，水溶胶浓度与发光强度呈线性关系，粒子之间基本不存在交叉驰豫。
关键词： ZnS∶Cu纳米水溶胶；
浓度； 发光
中图法分类号： O484
文献标识码： A
文章编号：16725174(2004)05Ⅱ09104
Effect of Concentration on the Luminescence of ZnS∶Cu
Colloid
CAO Lixin,
LIN Yingxia
(School of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Ocean
University of China, Qingdao 266003，
China)
Abstract: ZnS∶Cu
colloid was prepared and the effect of concentration on the luminescence was
studied. The study showed that the luminescence was composed of the selfactivated
emission of ZnS and the emission from the Cu2+center. When the concentration of
the ZnS colloid was a constant and the ratio of Cu∶Zn
was less than 1∶200,
the luminescence intensity increased with the ratio of Cu∶Zn
increasing; When the ratio of Cu∶Zn
was a constant and the concentration of the ZnS colloid was less than
3×10-4mol/L, the luminescence intensity increased with the ZnS colloid
concentration increasing.
Key words:\ ZnS∶Cu
colloid; concentration; luminescence
低吸水率、低热膨胀系数非卷曲聚酰亚胺覆铜板材料的制备
胡应模
(中国海洋大学化学化工学院，山东
青岛 266003)
摘 要：
选用普通化学试剂在常温常压下，合成得到可溶性聚酰胺酸溶液，然后涂膜，经过低温预干燥和高温亚胺化过程，制得聚酰亚胺薄膜材料。
为了得到低吸水率、低热膨胀系数非卷曲聚酰亚胺覆铜板材料，选用刚性单体对苯二胺、均苯四甲酸酐(PMDA)和4，4'氧双邻苯二甲酸酐(ODPA)为主要原料，通过调节PMDA/ODPA的配比，制得具有和铜箔相当的热膨胀系数，且具有低吸水性的非卷曲性的聚酰亚胺覆铜板材料。
关键词：
聚酰亚胺； 覆铜板材料；
低吸水率； 低热膨胀系数；
非卷曲性
中图法分类号： O632.63
文献标识码： A
文章编号：16725174(2004)05Ⅱ09504
The Preparation of Low WaterAbsorption
and Low Coefficient of ThermalExpansion and CurlFree
Polyimide/Copper Laminate
HU Yingmo
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean
University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract:\ The soluble polyamide acid resin is
synthesized by using usual chemical raw materials at normal temperature and
atmosphere, and cast on
a 18μmthick
electrolytical copper foil to obtain a cured film by the processes of low
temperature firstdry
and hightemperature
imidization.
In order to get low waterabsorption、low
coefficient thermal expansion and curlfree
polyimide/copper laminate, the rigit monomer, e.g. 1,4phenylene
diam
ine (PDA),pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and 4, 4'oxydiphthalic
anhydride (ODPA), are used to prepare low waterabsorption
and curlfree
polyimide/co
pper laminate that has low coefficient thermal expansion corresponding to copper
foil by means of adjustment of PMDA/ODPA ratios.
Key words: polyimide；
copper laminate；
low waterabsorption;
low coefficient thermal expansion; curlfree
反相功能化硅胶的制备与表征
周 晓,
李先国,
冯丽娟,
沙春洁， 田毅峰，
王振永
(中国海洋大学化学化工学院，山东
青岛 266003)
摘 要：
以吡啶为催化剂，采用正十八烷基三氯硅烷与硅胶基质直接反应，三甲基氯硅烷封端处理，制备反相十八烷基功能化硅胶。考察了硅胶的预处理
方式、催化剂种类、反应时间、反应温度、反应试剂种类和用量等对产物的影响，得出最佳反应条件。其中反应时间和十八烷基三氯硅烷用量是影响反应的关键因子，其他条件的优化可以有效促进反应的进行。采用傅立叶变换红外光谱和差热热重对产物的结构和有机物含量进行了分析。
关键词：
氯硅烷； 功能化硅胶；
制备； 表征
中图法分类号： O641.13
文献标识码： A
文章编号：16725174(2004)05Ⅱ09904
Preparation and Characterization of Reversed Phase
Functionalized Silica Gel
ZHOU Xiao, LI Xianguo,
FENG Lijuan, SHA
Chunjie,TIAN Yifeng,WANG
Zhenyong
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean
University of China,Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract: Reverse phase (RP) functionalized silica gel was prepared by a
directreaction of silica gel and noctadecyltrichlorosilane.
In the reaction pyridine
and trimethylchlorosilane served as a catalyst and a capping reagent,
respectively. Effects of pretreatment method, catalyst, reaction time and
temperature, etc. On the content of organic compound in functionalized silica
gel were studied. It is showed that the reaction time and the amount of
C18H37SiCl3 were critical factors for the preparation. FTIR
and TGDTA were
used to characterize the structure and the organic content of the RP
functionalized silica gel.
Key words: trichlorosilane；
functionalized silica gel；
preparation；
characterization
室温固相法制备碳酸钡纳米晶
许国花，
冯丽娟， 李先国，
范 莹，
徐 佳
(中国海洋大学化学化工学院，山东
青岛 266003)
摘 要：
以Ba(NO3)2和Na2CO3为反应物，在室温下采用固相化学反应法制备了BaCO3纳米晶，用X射线衍射(XRD)和透射电镜(TEM)对其物相、晶粒形貌和晶粒大小进行了表征。结果表明，用该方法可以制备平均粒径为100nm、形貌近似为球形的BaCO3纳米晶。同时，探讨了反应物配比、研磨时间及加样方式等因素对室温固相反应的影响。
关键词：
室温固相反应； 碳酸钡；
纳米晶
中图法分类号： O611.4
文献标识码： A
文章编号：16725174(2004)05Ⅱ10304
Preparation of NanoCrystal
Barium Carbonate Via Solid State Reaction at Room Temperature
XU Guohua，
FENG Lijuan，
LI Xianguo，
FAN Ying， XU Jia
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China,
Qingdao 266003，China)
Abstract： Nanocrystal
barium carbonate was prepared via room temperature solidstate
reaction. When a powder of Na2CO3 was mixed and grinded with a powder of
Ba(NO3)2 at a given molar ratio, a mixture containing BaCO3 as well as soluble
inorganic salts was got. The soluble inorganic saltswere removed by water
washing. The pure BaCO3 was got when it was dried. The characterization results
of XRD and TEM showed that the BaCO3 was nanocrystals
with about 100nm. The mechanism of the solidstate
reaction was discussed.
Key words：
room temperature solidstate
reaction； barium
carbonate； nanocrystal
海洋防污涂料中树脂的研究进展
张 霞，
于良民， 隋
晶， 刘和芳，
田 斌
（中国海洋大学青岛市海洋精细化工重点实验室，山东
青岛 266003）
摘 要：
就海洋防污涂料中重要组份之一——树脂的发展历史、现状及发展趋势等几个方面进行了综述。介绍了各个阶段具有代表性树脂的性能
及其作用机理；同时，较为详细地介绍了目前各国致力于开发的符合海洋事业发展及世界环保要求的新型树脂，并且指出海洋防污涂料中树脂的主要发展方向。
关键词：
自抛光； 防污涂料；
树脂
中图法分类号： TQ322.4
文献标识码： A
文章编号： 16725174(2004)05Ⅱ10704
Progress of Resin in Marine Antifouling Paints
ZHANG Xia，
YU Liangmin，
SUI Jing， LIU Hefang，
TIAN Bin
(Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fine Chemicals & Chemical Engineering，Ocean
University of China，Qingdao
266003，China)
Abstract： This
paper gives a brief introduction of the resin's history, present and future，
and analyzes the performance and mechanism of representative resins in every
stage. This paper also reviews the recent progress in environmentfriendly
antifouling paints in detail，and
the trend of antifouling coating is also discussed.
Key words： selfpolishing；
antifouling paints；
resin
环氧基硅烷化硅胶键合相的制备与表征
沙春洁，
冯丽娟， 李先国，周
晓， 王振永，
田毅峰
(中国海洋大学化学化工学院，山东
青岛 266003)
摘 要：
以γ环氧丙基氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷为中间偶联剂，将十八烷基脂肪酸键合至硅胶上，得到烷基酯型键合硅胶，并考察了硅胶预处理、反应途径、反应时间以及催化剂对键合反应的影响，并采用红外(FTIR)和差热热重分析(TGDTA)对产品进行了表征。
关键词： γ环氧丙基氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷；
键合相硅胶； 制备
中图法分类号： O641.13
文献标识码： A
文章编号 ：
16725174(2004)05Ⅱ11104
Preparation and Characterization of
γGlycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilaneSilica
Bonded Phase
SHA Chunjie，
FENG Lijuan，
LI Xianguo，
ZHOU Xiao， WANG
Zhenyong，
TIAN Yifeng
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering，
Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003，China)
Abstract：
Octadecyl group was bonded onto silica gel with γGlycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane
as coupling agent. The influence of different pretreatment of silica gel,
reaction approach, reaction time and catalyst on the bonding reaction was
studied. Characterization of the bonded silica was carried out with fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)
and differential thermal analysisthermal
gravity analysis(TGDTA).
Key words：
γGlycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane;
bonded silica; preparation
聚乙烯、聚丙烯聚合物熔融态热力学行为的研究
纪 雷1,
邓安平2,
杜恒清1,
王 岩1,
马 燕2
(1. 青岛出入境检验检疫局，山东
青岛 266002；2.
中国海洋大学化学化工学院，山东
青岛 266003)
摘 要：
使用差示扫描热分析技术（DSC）对聚乙烯、聚丙烯聚合物熔融状态下的热力学性质进行了研究。比较两类聚合物的熔融焓变谱图、总吸热谱图、动
态比热容谱图，可以明显看出聚乙烯、聚丙烯熔融过程中热力学性质的差异，对聚合物熔融热力学行为的深入研究及工业生产具有指导意义。
关键词：
熔融热力学； 差示扫描热分析（DSC）；
热力学性质
中图法分类号： O642
文献标识码： A
文章编号： 16725174(2004)05Ⅱ11504
Characteristic Studies on Melting Thermodynamics of
Polyethylene and Polypropylene Polymer Materials
JI Lei1, DENG Anping2,
DU Hengqing1,
WANG Yan1, MA Yan2
(1. China Entry/Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau,
Qingdao Branch, Qingdao 266002, China; 2. College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract： The
characteristics of melting thermodynamics of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene
(PP) materials were investigated by using Differential Scanning Calorimetry
(DSC). Six kinds of PP specimen and ten kinds of polyethylene specimen were
tested, and the discrepancy on melting thermodynamics between polyethylene and
polypropylene materials was explored based on the profiles of DSC heat flow,
total heat and dynamic heat capacity data. The results show that it is useful to
further research on melting thermodynamics of polymer materials, and can provide
a valuable datasheet to manufacture procedures.
Key words：
melting thermodynamics; differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); thermodynamic
characteristic
氧化亚铜的制备及表征
于振花1，
高荣杰2
(中国海洋大学1.
化学化工学院； 2.
材料科学与工程研究院，山东
青岛 266003)
摘 要：
以亚硫酸钠和硫酸铜为原料制备出了氧化亚铜，并对其进行了X射线衍射和差热热重分析。制得的样品在573K，氮气气氛保护下热处理1h
，得到纯净的氧化亚铜，其在静止的空气气氛中，715K开始发生氧化反应，相应的TG曲线上的氧化增重率为11.2%。
关键词：
制备； 氧化亚铜；
表征
中图法分类号： TN304.21
文献标识码： A
文章编号： 16725174(2004)05Ⅱ
Preparation and Characterization of Cuprous Oxide
YU Zhenhua1，
GAO Rongjie2*
(1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering；
2. Institute of Material Science and Engineering, Ocean
University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract： Cuprous
oxide was prepared from sodium sulfite and cupric sulfate solution in this
paper, and it was characterized by XRD and DTATG.
Pure cuprous oxide was gained when cuprous oxide sample was heated at 573K in N2
for one hour. The pure cuprous oxide was oxidized at 715K in static air, and the
weight was increased by 11.2% in TG curves correspondingly.
Key words: preparation; cuprous oxide;
characterization
综 述
氧化亚铜的制备及其在防污涂料中的应用
隋 晶，
于良民， 张
霞， 张志明
(中国海洋大学青岛市海洋精细化工重点实验室，山东
青岛 266003)
摘 要：
综述了氧化亚铜的制备方法、防污机理、环境特性及其在防污涂料中的应用历史及现状，同时对氧化亚铜在防污涂料中的应用前景作了展望。
关键词：
氧化亚铜； 防污涂料；
制备； 应用
中图法分类号： O611.62
文献标识码： A
文章编号： 16725174(2004)05Ⅱ12205
Preparation of Cuprous Oxide and the Application in
Antifouling Paint Field
SUI Jing，
YU Liangmin，
ZHANG Xia， ZHANG
Zhiming
(Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fine Chemicals &
Chemical Engineering, Qcean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract： As an
oldline
antifoulant,cuprous oxide with lots of advantage is reviewed on the
preparation,mechanism of antifouling, properties in enviroment and application
in antifouling paints. Meanwhile, the future application of cuprous oxide in
antifouling paints is reviewed in this paper.
Key words: cuprous oxide; antifouling paint; preparation; application
海洋中挥发性卤代烃的天然来源及其产生机理
陆小兰，
杨桂朋， 高先池
(中国海洋大学化学化工学院，山东
青岛 266003)
摘 要：
简要介绍了海洋中挥发性卤代烃的天然来源及其不同的产生机理，重点放在氯代烃、溴代烃和碘代烃。海洋大型藻类和浮游植物能产生并释
放挥发性卤代烃，是海洋中挥发性卤代烃的主要天然来源。3种代表性的机理是甲基化反应、卤素交换反应和卤过氧化酶催化活泼CH键的卤代反应。开展海洋挥发性卤代烃的研究有助于了解海洋对大气挥发性卤代烃和全球气候变暖的贡献。
关键词： 挥发性卤代烃； 海洋环境； 浮游植物； 机理
中图法分类号：
P714+.4 文献标识码： A
文章编号：16725174(2004)05Ⅱ12705
Natural Sources and Formation Mechanisms of Volatile
Halocarbons in Marine Environment
LU Xiaolan，
YANG Guipeng，
GAO Xianchi
(College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China，
Qingdao 266003，
China)
Abstract: Advances in study of natural sources and formation mechanisms of
volatile halocarbons in the marine environment are reviewed briefly in this
paper. The focus is put on volatile halocarbons carrying the halogens Cl, Br and
I, respectively. Macroalgae and phytoplankton which are two major natural
sources are able to produce these compounds and to release them into seawater.
The mechanism of formation of these compounds is not quite clear now. Three
kinds of representative formation mechanisms are methylation reaction, halogen
exchange and halogenation of CHactivated
bonds by haloperoxidases. The studies of volatile halocarbons in the marine
environment are helpful to understand the contribution of the ocean to
atmospheric volatile halocarbons and global warming.
Key words: volatile halocarbon; marine environment;
phytoplankton; mechanism
大气颗粒物中金属元素干沉降通量的直接测定
冯丽娟，
李先国， 祁建华，
陈兴茂， 张曼平
(中国海洋大学化学化工学院，山东
青岛 266003)
摘 要：
用粘度与表层海水相近的亚沸水作代用面，直接收集干沉降样品，测定了2001年7月和2002年3月青岛大气颗粒物中的Al，Fe，Mn，Cu，Pb和Zn元素的干沉降通量，并与利用国际推荐值和改进的模型计算所得的干沉降通量进行了比较。研究结果表明：沙尘暴及浮尘天气对Al，Fe，Mn，Cu，Pb和Zn元素的干沉降通量均有较大影响，而且对地壳元素的影响要远大于对人为元素的；直接测定结果与国际推荐值计算出的干沉降通量存在较大差异，而与改进的模型预测值较为接近。初步分析了直接测定法误差的可能来源。
关键词： TSP；
金属元素； 干沉降通量；
直接测定
中图法分类号：
P734.2;X55 文献标识码：
A 文章编号： 16725174(2004)05Ⅱ132～05
Direct Measurement of Dry Deposition Fluxes of Metals in At mospheric Aerosol
FENG Lijuan, LI
Xian