气象条件对青岛地区气溶胶光学特性的影响
邱明燕， 盛立芳， 房岩松， 高会旺

(1. 中国海洋大学, 山东 青岛 266003； 2. 山东省气象局, 山东 济南 250031)

摘 要：利用2002年4月至2003年10月多波段太阳光度计资料和同期的气象观测资料，分析了不同气象条件下青岛气溶胶光学特性的变化。气象条件的转变与青岛地区气溶胶光学特性之间具有很好的响应关系：南风盛行时会加大光学厚度，并增强气溶胶对＞500nm波段太阳辐射的散射能力；轻雾和霾在青岛气溶胶光学厚度中占有较大比重，而霾对＜500nm波段辐射的散射能力较强。
关键词：气溶胶； 光学厚度； 单次散射返照率； 气象条件
中图法分类号：P427.1  文献标识码：A   文章编号：1672-5174(2004)06-925-06


The Effect of Weather Situation on the Aerosol Optical Properties in Qingdao

QIU Mingyan， SHENG Lifang， FANG Yansong， GAO Huiwang
(1. Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China； 2. Shandong Meteorologic Bureau, Jinan, 250031, China)
Abstract:Based on the multiwavelength sky radiometer data and the weather data obtained on the ground from April 2002 to October 2003, the aerosol optical properties under different weather situations are analysed in this paper. The aerosol optical depth (AOD) and aerosol scattering of solar radiation in wavebands greater than 500nm increase when the south wind prevails. Light fog and haze have a larger contribution to the AOD, and haze is stronger in scattering radiation in wavebands shorter than 500nm.
Key words：aerosol; optical depth; single scattering albedo; weather condition

非线性效应对风浪波面极大值和极小值分布的影响
文 凡, 高志一， 吕红民
(中国海洋大学物理海洋实验室， 山东 青岛 266003)
摘 要：通过分析实验室风浪观测结果研究非线性效应
对波面极大值和极小值分布的影响。波面极大值和极小值累积概率的差异表明，与线性理论相比，波面极小值在平均波面以下的位置偏高。对实验结果的进一步分析表明，非线性效应使波面极大值在平均波面以上总概率高于线性理论结果，而概率密度峰值处波面极大值高度略低于线性理论结果。波面极小值在平均波面以上各位置出现的概率均高于线性理论结果，在平均波面以下的较低位置，波面极小值出现概率明显低于线性理论结果。
关键词：风浪； 非线性； 波面极大值； 波面极小值
中图法分类号：P731.2    文献标识码：A    文章编号：1672-5174(2004)06-931-06
Effect of the NonLinearity on the Distribution of the Maxima and Minima of Wind Wave Surface
WEN Fan, GAO Zhiyi, LV Hongmin
(Physical Oceanography Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract:By observating the distributions of the maxima and the minima of wave surface in wind wave channel, the nonlinear effect in the distributions is reflected in the difference of the probability of exceedence between the maxima and the minima. In comparison with the linear theory, the probability of the maxima above the mean surface is higher. However the height of the maxima with peakprobability is slightly lower. Below the mean surface, the height of the minima is higher than that of the results of the linear theory. The probability of the minima above the mean surface is higher than that in the linear theory.
Key words:wind waves; nonlinearity； maxima of wave surface; minima of wave surface
　

黄、东海环流的数值研究 IV——斜压环流的诊断计算
雷 坤， 孙文心， 刘桂梅
(1. 中国环境科学研究院， 北京 100012； 2. 中国海洋大学， 山东 青岛 266003；3.中科院海洋研究所，山东 青岛 266071)
摘 要：基于黄、东海Lagrange环流数值模型，对黄、东海Lagrange斜压环流进行了诊断计算。采用流速分解法将Lagrange流速分解为梯度流、风海流、潮致余流、热盐环流、零阶环流耦合流5种分量，实现三维计算的准二维化。计算结果较成功地模拟了冬夏两季黄、东海Lagrange 环流，表明密度环流在冬、夏季均是东海环流的重要分量，可显著增强了东海黑潮、东海黑潮、台湾暖流和对马暖流；在夏季还是黄海环流的主要分量。
关键词：黄、东海； 拉格朗日环流； 斜压环流； 流速分解法
中图法分类号：P731.2    文献标识码：A    文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－937－05

Numerical Study of the Circulation in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea IV: Diagnostic Calculation of the Baroclinic Circulation
LEI Kun， SUN Wenxin， LIU Guimei
(1. Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012， China; 2. Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003， China; 3. Institute of Oceanogr aphy of Chinese Academy, Qingdao 266071， China )
Abstract：The Lagrangian circulation in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea is diagnostically simulated based on a numerical model proposed in one of the papers of the series. The SCM is used to split the Lagrangian velocity into five components： the gradient current, wind current, tideinduced residual, thermohaline circulation, and the coupling current of the zeroth order circulation, and to realize a quasi2D calculation for the 3－D problem. The results well simulate the pattern of the circulation and indicate that the current driven by the baroclinic gradient force is a significant component of the circulation in the East China Sea in both winter and summer, and is an essential component of the Yellow sea circulation in summer.
Key words：the Huanghai Sea and East China Sea; lagrangian circulation; baroclinic circulation; splitting current method
　

饵料种类和摄食水平对中国对虾蜕皮的影响
黄国强， 董双林， 王芳， 马甡
(中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室，山东 青岛 266003)
摘 要：采用鱼肉、虾肉、蛤肉、沙蚕、配合饲料和以上5种饵料的等干重混合物投喂体重为(1.530±0.047)g的中国对虾30d，并对体重分别为(2.988±0.200)g，(7.960±0.450 )g，(14.177±0.868)g，(19.012±1.413)g 4个规格的中国对虾采用配合饲料分别按每天体重0%，0.5%，1.0%，1.5%和过量5个摄食水平进行投喂28d，对中国对虾的蜕皮进行了研究。实验结果证明，饵料种类对中国对虾的蜕皮次数(MT)、蜕皮量、蜕皮能占摄食能的比例及每次蜕皮的体重增长都有显著影响。实验期间中国对虾的蜕皮次数范围为2.31～3.98次，蜕皮能占摄食能的比例为1.16%～2.72%，每次蜕皮的体重增长为0.141～0.488g。不同摄食水平对中国对虾的蜕皮能占摄食能的比例及每次蜕皮的体重增长都有显著影响，前者随摄食水平的提高而下降，后者随摄食水平的提高而增加。摄食水平对(2.988±0.200)g的对虾的蜕皮次数(MT)和蜕皮的干重、氮含量、能量的影响较大，而对其余3个规格的对虾影响较小。摄食水平对对虾每次蜕皮的干重、氮含量、能量及单位体重每次蜕皮的干重、氮含量、能量的影响仅表现为饥饿或较低摄食水平与其它摄食水平差异显著，而更高的摄食水平对它们没有显著影响。本文还对对虾蜕皮与生长的关系进行了探讨。
关键词：饵料种类； 摄食水平； 中国对虾； 蜕皮
中图法分类号：S963.2  文献标识码：A   文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－942－07

Effects of Diet Differences and Ration Levels on the Molting of Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis
HUANG Guoqiang, DONG Shuanglin, WANG Fang, MA Shen
(The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract:Five diets, i.e., fish muscle (FF, flesh of fish (Sardinella zuna si)), shrimp muscle (SF, flesh of shrimp (Trachypenaeus curvirostris)), clam muscle (CF, foot of clam (Ruditapes varigata)), clam worm (PW, polychaete worm (Neanthes japonica)) and formulated diet (FD, a commercial formulated diet) and the mixture of them (MD), were fed to the same species of shrimp weighed (1.530±0.047)g for 30d and formulated diet at six ration levels i.e., 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% of the body weight, and to excessive, were fed to Chinese shrimp
with wet weight (2.988±0.200)g, (7.960±0.450)g, (14.177±0.868)g, and (19.012±1.413)g for 28d to investigate the effects of diet differences and ration levels on the molt of Chinese shrimp. The results show that diet differences significantly affecte the molt frequency (MT), weight of exuviations, percentages of exuviations energy account for ingested energy, and per molt weight increment. Chinese shrimp fed with different diets molts from 2.31 to 3.98 during the experimental period and the exuviations energy accounts for 1.16%～2.72% of ingested energy. The weight increment of per molt of the different diets fed shrimp ranges from 0.141g to 0.488g. Significant effects of different ration levels on the percentages of exuviations energy account for ingested energy and per molt weight increment are observed. The percentages of exuviations energy account for
ingested energy decreas with the increasing of ration levels and the per molt weight increment increases with the increasing of ration levels. The effects of ration levels on molt frequency, dry weight of exuviations, nitrogen content of exuviations, and energy content of exuviations are more significant in shrimp with
weight of (2.988±0.200)g than those in other three sizes. There is no significant effect in increasing ration levels on the dry weight, nitrogen content, energy content of per exuviations and per unit body weight per molt dry weight, nitrogen content, energy content observed when the ration levels are above the starving and the lowest levels. The relationship between growth and molt are discussed too.
Key words:diet; ration level; Chinese shrimp; molt

虾夷扇贝人工诱导雌核发育精子遗传失活及紫外线照射对精子形态结构影响的研究
潘英， 李琪， 于瑞海， 王如才， 郑志芳
(1. 中国海洋大学生命科学与技术学部， 山东 青岛 266003； 2. 广西大学动物科技学院， 广西 南宁 530005； 3. 烟台市芝罘区渔业技术推广站， 山东 烟台 264000)
摘要：在1 698μWcm2s1的紫外线照射强度下，虾夷扇贝雌核单倍体的最佳诱导时间为60s。从早期胚胎存活率可以观察到Hertwig效应的存在。随着照射时间增加，受精率明显下降，而受精卵在到达D形幼虫期之前便停止发育。扫描电镜显示，随着紫外线照射强度的增加，精子顶体和鞭毛结构趋向于受到更大程度的破坏，直到完全失去顶体和鞭毛。并指出这可能是造成受精率降低的主要原因。
关键词：虾夷扇贝； 雌核发育； 人工诱导； 扫描电镜
中图法分类号：S968.3；Q132.1    文献标识码：A    文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－949－06
Studies on the Induction of Artifically Genetic Inactivation and Effects of Ultraviolet Irradiation on the Morphological Structure of Sperm in Japanese Scallop, Patinopecten yessoensis
PAN Ying， LI Qi， YU Ruihai， WANG Rucai， ZHENG Zhifang
(1. College of Life Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; 2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China; 3. Fisheries Technology Center of Zhifu District, Yantai 264000, China)
Abstract:Irradiation for 60s at a UV intensity of 1 698μWcm 2s1 is the optimum dose to achieve haploid gynogenesis of Japanese scallop, Patinopecten yessoensis. The “Hertwig” effect can be detected on the survival rate of early embryos. The fertilization rate apparently decreases with increasing irradiation time, and the development of the eggs fertilized with the genetically inactivated sperms terminats before reaching the Dshaped larvae stage. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is capable of showing the destruction of the sperm acrosome and flagellum in the UVirradiated sperms. As the duration of UV irradiation increases, the acrosome of sperms tends to suffer greater damage until the sperms eventually lose their flagella. Abnormalities in these
structures may account, at least in part, for the decline of the fertilization rate of eggs inseminated with UVirradiated sperms.
Key words:Patinopecten yessoensis; gynogenesis ; artificial induction; scanning electronic microscope


海洋硫酸多糖916在2种酶作用下稳定性的研究
王妍婷， 吕志华， 王远红
(中国海洋大学 1. 海洋药物教育部重点实验室； 2. 山东省海洋药物重点实验室； 3. 海洋药物与食品研究所， 山东 青岛 266003)
摘要：利用高效凝胶渗透色谱法(HPGPC)和明胶比浊法研究了海洋硫酸多糖〖STHZ〗916〖STBZ〗在溶菌酶和胰蛋白酶作用下的稳定性，分别考察了酶作用下916的重均分子量、分子量分布系数和游离硫酸根含量的变化。结果表明：在所选定的实验条件下，〖STHZ〗916的重均分子量、分子量分布系数和游离硫酸根含量均未发生显著变化，表明在所选择的实验条件下916对溶菌酶和胰蛋白酶是稳定的。
关键词： 海洋硫酸多糖916； 酶； 稳定性
中图法分类号：R282.77   文献标识码：A   文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－955－04

Study on the Stability of Marine Sulfated Polysaccharide 916 by Two Enzymes
WANG Yanting， LV Zhihua， WANG Yuanhong
(Ocean University of China, 1. The Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs，，Ministry of Education, 2. The Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Shangdong Province, 3.Marine Drug Institute, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract：Two methods， including high performance gel permeation chromatography and gelatin nephelometry，are used to investigate the stability of marine sulfated polysaccharide 916 by lysozyme and trypsin, and weight average molecular, molecular weight distribution and dissociative sulfate content of 916 are determined. The results show that weight average molecular, molecular weight distribution and the dissociative sulfate content of 916 do not change obviously. It shows that 916 is stable by lysozyme and trypsin under this experimental condition.
Key words：marine sulfated polysaccharide 916； enzyme； stability


羊栖菜岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的甲基化分析
徐杰， 李八方， 薛长湖， 王顺春
(1. 中国海洋大学水产学院， 山东 青岛 266003； 2. 上海中医药大学中药研究所， 上海 200032)
摘要：测定褐藻羊栖菜中的岩藻聚糖硫酸酯(F2)的中性单糖组成和硫酸基含量,发现F2主要由岩藻糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖、甘露糖和少量的木糖、鼠李糖等组成，硫酸基含量为34.6%。采用温和的溶剂法将F2脱硫，比较其脱硫前后硫酸基含量和中性单糖组成的差异，其脱硫产物F2d的硫酸基含量为5.6%，除岩藻糖含量略有降低外，其他中性单糖组成相似，测定结果表明脱硫基本完全且效果较好。另外，本文选用改良的甲基化方法，并通过红外光谱扫描验证了甲基化反应完全。对F2脱硫前后部分
甲基化糖醇乙酸酯的GCMS进行分析比较，得出F2的结构信息，包括其主链和支链的构成、连接方式和硫酸基取代位置等。
关键词：羊栖菜； 岩藻聚糖硫酸酯； 甲基化分析
中图法分类号：Q503   文献标识码：A   文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－959－05

Methylation Analysis of Fucoidan from Sargassum fusiforme
XU Jie， LI Bafang， XUE Changhu， WANG Shunchun
(1. College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; 2. Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China)
Abstract:The neutral monosaccharide constituents and sulfate ester content in fucoidan F2 from brown seaweed Sargassum fusiforme were determinated. F2 was composed mainly of fucose, galactose, glucose, mannose and a s
mall amount of xylose and rhamnose. The sulfate ester content was 34.6%. A mild solvolytic desulfation method was used. Compared with F2, the sulfate ester content in desulfated derivative F2d was 5.6% and the monosaccharide composition was similar, except that the fucose content decreased slightly. The results sugg
ested that the desulfation was complete and effective. In addition, the optimized methylation method was used and the methylation reaction was proved to be complete by IR spectra. The comparison of GCMS analysis of partially methylated alditol acetates made before and after the desulfation of F2 presents useful str
uctural information on F2, including the composition of its main chains and side chains, the linkage pattern and sulfation positions.
Key words:Sargassum fusiforme; fucoidan; methylation analysis

不同起始浓度对塔玛亚历山大藻和赤潮异弯藻种群竞争的影响
董云伟， 董双林， 刘相义
(中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室，山东 青岛 266003)
摘要：初步分析了起始浓度对塔玛亚历山大藻(Alexandrium tamarense Balech)和赤潮异弯藻(Heterosigma akashiwo Had a)种群增长的影响。在单种培养的情况下，A.tamarense与H.akashiwo的生长曲线可用逻辑斯谛增长模型拟合。不同起始浓度(0.2×10，0.5×10，0.8×10cell/m L)对A.tamarense环境容纳量(K)有明显的影响，随起始浓度的增加K有减小的趋势。H.akashiwo种群瞬时增长率(r)随起始浓度增加而增加。按不同接种比例进行混合培养，不同起始浓度对2种藻竞争的结果具有明显影响。当接种比例为A.tamarense∶H.akashiwo(A∶H)＝1∶4时，H.akashiwo在竞争中占优势，而当A∶H＝1∶1及A∶H ＝4∶1时，A.tamarense在竞争中占优势。竞争结果不仅受营养盐限制，克生物质对竞
争结果亦具有重要影响。
关键词：塔玛亚历山大藻； 赤潮异弯藻； 起始浓度； 种间竞争
中图法分类号：X55   文献标识码：A    文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－964－05

The Effect of Initial Cell Density on the Population Competition Between Ale xandrium tamarense Balech and Heterosigma akashiwo Hada
DONG Yunwei， DONG Shuanglin， LIU Xiangyi
(The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract：The effect of initial cell density on the population competition between Alexandrium tamarense Balech and Heterosigma akashiwo Hada was studied in this experiment. When cultured alone, the growth curves of A. tamarense and H. akashiwo could be predicted by Logistic growth model. Different
initial cell densities (0.2×10，0.5×10 and 0.8×10cell/mL) had apparent effects on the carrying capacity of the environment (K) of A. tamarense population. Along with the increase of initial cell density, the intrinsic growth rate(r) of H. akashiwo increased. Different inoculation proportions had notable effects on the population competition between A. tamarense and H. akashiwo when bialgae cultures were carried on. When the inoculation propotion of A. tamarense and H. akashiwo(A: H)was 1∶4, H. akashiwo would be in predominance in this competition. However, the results would be the reverse when A∶H=1∶1 and A∶H=4∶1.
Key words：Alexandrium tamarense; Heterosigma akashiwo; initial celldensity; population competition

褐牙鲆鳃丝Na+K+ATPase性质的研究
唐贤明， 潘鲁青， 田景波
（1. 中国海洋大学， 山东 青岛 266003； 2. 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所，山东 青岛 266071）
摘要：研究了褐牙鲆（Paralichthys olivaceus）鳃丝Na+K+ATPase的性质。结果表明：褐牙鲆鳃丝Na+K+ATPase活力随着反应温度、pH的增加均呈现峰值变化，其最适反应温度为30～35℃，高于40℃酶活力急剧下降，至50℃酶失活，而最适pH 为7.5～8.0之间，pH＜7.5或＞8.0时酶活力急剧下降，低于6.0酶活则被完全抑制；在本试
验设计的反应时间和底物浓度范围内，随着时间和底物浓度的增大，酶活力的变化均为逐渐升高，且上升趋势逐渐变缓；反应介质中Na+，K+，Mg2+的最适浓度分别为180，30，6mmol/L，并且当K+或Mg2+浓度为0时，酶活力
均接近于0。抑制剂乌本苷对鳃丝Na+K+ATPase活力表现为显著性抑制，在乌本苷浓度为2mmol/L时，酶活力完全被抑制。
关键词：褐牙鲆； 鳃丝； Na+K+ATPase
中图法分类号：S965.3； Q954.58  文献标识码：A   文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－969－04

Characterization of Gill Na+K+ATPase in Paralichthys olivaceus
TANG Xianming， PAN Luqing， TIAN Jingbo
(1. Ocean University of China， Qingdao 266003， China； 2. Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute，Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences， Qingdao 266071， China)
Abstract:The characterization of gill Na+K+ATPase in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) was studied. The results show that the two gill Na+K+ATPase activity curves of Japanese flounder affected by reaction temperature and pH both have a peak value, curves the optimal reaction temperature is 30～35℃, above 40℃ the enzyme activity drops rapidly, and at 50℃ the enzyme is deactivated. The optimal pH is 7.5～8.0, while pH is less than 7.5 or higher than 8.0, the enzyme activity drops rapidly. When pH is less than 6.0, the enzyme activity is entirely inhibited. In the range of reaction time and ATPNa2 concentration of this experiment, the gill Na+K+ATPase activity has a rising trend along with the time prolonging or ATPNa2 concentration rising, but the rising speed decreases by degrees. The optimal concentrations of Na+, K+ and Mg2+ in the medium are 80, 30 and 6mmol/L, respectively. If K+ or Mg2+ is absent, gill Na+K+ATPase shows very low activity. As an inhibitor, ouabain has a distinctly inhibiting effect on gill
Na+K+ATPase activity. At 2mmol/L concentration of ouabain, the enzyme activity will be entirely inhibited.
Key words：Paralichthys olivaceus； gill； Na+K+ATPase

胶州湾南美白对虾移植放流的初步研究
任一平， 孙蜀东， 曾晓起， 张永举， 王云忠
(1. 中国海洋大学水产学院 山东 青岛 266003； 2. 青岛市海洋与渔业局 山东 青岛 266001； 3. 山东省海洋捕捞增殖管理站 山东 烟台 264002)
摘要：对2003年6月20日在胶州湾放流的约130万尾南美白对虾，放流(虾苗平均体长、体重分别为3.13cm，0.309g)的洄游分布、生长特性及回捕率进行了跟踪调查，结果表明：南美白对虾适宜于胶州湾放流，且其生长期主要分布于胶州湾浅水区域(水深<5m)，生长速度快，至8月20日～9月30日回捕南美白对虾时的平均体长达到13.97cm，平均体重为35.51g，回捕率约为12.35%。
关键词：南美白对虾； 胶州湾； 放流
中图法分类号：S93     文献标识码：A    文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－973－04

Preliminary Study on the Transplanting and Releasing of Penaeus vannamei in Jiaozhou Bay
REN Yiping， SUN Shudong， ZENG Xiaoqi， ZHANG Yongju， WANG Yunzhong
(1. College of Fishery, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; 2. Qingdao Ocean and Fishery Bureau, Qingdao 266003, China; 3. Ocean Fishery and Multiplication Management Station of Shandong Province，Yantai 264002, China)
Abstract:About 1.3 million Penaeus vannamei were released in Jiaozhou Bay on June 20, 2003. The average bodylength of the released shrimp was 3.13cm, and the average bodyweight was 0.309g. The migration, growth and recapture rate of the Penaeus vannamei were investigated. The results show that Penaeusvannamei is mainly distributed in shallow waters where the depth is less than 5m。The growth speed is great. The fishermen begin to recapture the Penaeus vannamei from August 20 to September 30, the average bodylength of which is 13.97cm, the bodyweight is 35.51g and the recapture rate is about 12.35%. Thus it seems feasible to release Penaeus vannamei in Jiaozhou Bay.
Key words:Penaeus vannamei； Jiaozhou Bay； releasing


胶州湾及其邻近水域渔业生物多样性的调查研究
曾晓起， 朴成华， 姜伟, 刘群
(中国海洋大学水产学院， 山东 青岛 266003)
摘要：根据2003年10月～2004年5月逐月采集胶州湾及其邻近水域作业的定置网和底拖网具渔获物的分析与测定，记述了该海区出现的106种渔业生物，并进行了定置网和底拖网的渔获物组成的比较，分析了种类组成特点及生物多样性的季节变化情况。结果表明，本调查区域渔获物以小型低值鱼类、经济无脊椎动物和经济幼鱼为主，渔获个体偏小。据此提出了保护近海生物多样性与合理利用近海渔业资源的一些建议。本次调查还首次记录了我国黄海沿岸罕见的蛇鳗科鱼类长吻沙蛇鳗Ophisurusmac
rorhynchus，为青岛近海的渔业生物多样性的研究增添了新的资料。
关键词：胶州湾; 定置网; 底拖网; 渔获组成; 生物多样性; 长吻沙蛇鳗
中图法分类号：S932    文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－977－06

Biodiversity Investigation in Jiaozhou Bay and Neighbouring Waters
ZENG Xiaoqi， PIAO Chenghua， JIANG Wei, LIU Qun
（College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China）
Abstract:The paper is based on the setnet and bottom trawl catch data in Jiaozhou Bay and its neighbouring waters from October, 2003 to May, 2004. There were 104 species recorded. The catch composition of the two types of fishing gear were compared, the seasonal variations of biodiversity were analyzed . The results showed that the catches in the study area consisted of juveniles of commercial fishes, small lowvalue fishes, and commercial invertebrates. The fish sizes were generally small. On the basis of the results, we made some suggestions to conserve the nearshore biodiversity and to rationally utilize the coastal fishery resources. This study also recorded the presence of the O.m. in the setnet, which is rare in the coastal waters in the Yellow Sea. This adds new material to the fishery biodiversity study in Jiaozhou Bay and neighbouring waters.
Key words：Jiaozhou Bay； setnet； bottom trawl；catch composition； biodiversity；Ophisurus macrorhynchus


鲍鱼必需脂肪酸营养生理研究
徐玮， 麦康森， 王正丽
(中国海洋大学水产学院水产动物营养实验室， 山东 青岛 266003)
摘要：综述了鲍鱼必需脂肪酸(essential fatty acid, EFA)营养生理研究进展。已有的研究表明鲍鱼的必需脂肪酸主要包括亚油酸(C18∶2n6)、亚麻酸(C18∶3n3)、花生四烯酸(C20∶4n6)以及EPA(C20∶5n3)，但对于不同种类的鲍鱼，这4种EFA效果有所不同。鲍鱼体内的脂肪酸组成因不同生长发育阶段以及摄食不同食物而存在一定差异。鲍鱼体内DHA(C22∶6n3)含量极少或痕量。由此鲍鱼对必需脂肪酸的需要与其它的水产动物存在较大差异。C20∶5n3对鲍鱼的生长有着极其重要的作用，它能显著提高鲍鱼的生长和饲料转化率，改善鲍鱼的繁殖力。鲍鱼体内含有较高水平的C20∶4n6。C20∶4n6和C20∶5
n3之间的协同效应对鲍鱼的营养生理有重要的影响。对于鲍鱼体内C20∶4n6潜在的生理和生化作用已逐渐引起重视，这将是以后研究关注的焦点。
关键词：鲍鱼； 脂肪酸； 营养
中图法分类号：S963； S968.31+5   文献标识码：A   文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－983－05

Study on Nutritional Physiology of Essential Fatty Acids in Abalone
XU Wei, MAI Kangsen, WANG Zhengli
(Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract:This review investigates advance in nutritional physiology of essential fatty acids (EFAs) for abalone. Some previous studies showed that the EFAs in abalone include linoleic acid (C18∶2n6), linolenic acid (C18∶3n3), arachidonic acid (C20∶4n6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). However, these EFAs play different roles in different abalone species. The EFA composition in abalone varies with development stage and variation in diets. There is little or no docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in abalone, which suggests that its EFAs
requirement is different from other species. The C20∶5n3 plays an important role in growth, feed conversion efficiency and reproduction. The C20∶4n6 level in abalone is relatively higher. The C20∶4n6 and EPA have synergic effects on nutritional physiology. The effect of C20∶4n6 on the physiology and chemistry in abalone has become a focus in recent years.
Key words:abalone; fatty acid; nutrition

菲律宾蛤仔的生物扰动对沉积物颗粒垂直分布的影响
杜永芬， 张志南
(中国海洋大学生命科学与技术学部， 山东 青岛 266003)
摘要：以化学稳定的荧光砂作为示踪颗粒，研究底栖双壳类软体动物菲律宾蛤仔对沉积物的扰动，探讨滤食性贝类通过生物扰动作用在水层—底栖耦合过程中的作用。实验表明，在整个实验周期(15天)内，表层示踪砂有28.2%悬浮进入水体，36.1%由表层垂直向下迁移，垂直迁移率为1.65×10-5·g-1·cm-2·d-1；沉积物8cm深处示踪砂分别有27.0%向上和12.6%向下迁移，迁移率分别为1.52×10-5·g-1·cm-2·d-1和0.61×10-5·g-1
·cm-2·d-1。个体大小和摄食状态均对蛤仔的扰动作用有影响：个体增大，表层示踪砂悬浮进入水体的量增加，以单位湿重表示的迁移率降低，但均无显著性差异；投饵组大于无饵组，除8cm深处小蛤的垂直上移率外，其它无显著性差异。
关键词：菲律宾蛤仔； 生物扰动； 示踪砂
中图法分类号：Q178.53； P736.21+3    文献标识码：A   文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－988－05

The Effect of Bioturbation of Ruditapes philippinarum on the Vertical Distribution of Sedimert Particles
DU Yongfen， ZHANG Zhinan
(College of Marine Life Science and Technology, Ocean Univercity of China, Qingdao 266003， China)
Abstract:The effect of bioturbation of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum on the vertical distribution of sediment particles was studied with tracer beads. The results of a fifteen day bioturbation expeninent show
ed that 28.2% of the tracer beads on the surface were suspended into overlying sea water, and 36.1% of the tracer beads were transferred downward with a vertical transportation rate of 1.65×10-5g-1·cm-2·d-1. For tracer beads at 8cm depth, 27.0% were transferred upwards and 12.6% downwards with respectively the transportion rates of 1.52×10-5g-1·cm -2·d-1 and 0.61×10-5g-1·cm-2·d-1.The size and diet both had an effect on the bioturbation of Manila clam： the percentage of tracer beads suspended into water increased and the transportation rate defined by unit weight decreased as the size increased howevre, no obvious difference was observed. The values of parameters in groups with food were all higher than groups without food, but the difference was not obvious except the upward transportation rate of small clam at 8cm depth.
Key words:Ruditapes philippinarum; bioturbation; tracer beads

UVB辐射和久效磷对三角褐指藻DNA共同伤害效应
蔡恒江， 唐学玺， 张培玉， 于娟
(中国海洋大学生态学实验室， 山东 青岛 266003)
摘要：运用生态毒理学和生物化学的方法研究了紫外线和久效磷对三角褐指藻DNA的伤害作用。结果表明，久效磷对三角褐指藻的生长有抑制作用；随着久效磷浓度的增加，三角褐指藻DNA损伤程度增加；在久效磷浓度固定不变时，随着处理时间的延长，DNA的损伤程度同样提高；在久效磷的处理过程中同时伴有紫外线的辐射处理，DNA的损伤程度加剧；久效磷处理解除一段时间后，DNA损伤程度未明显减轻，而UV－B处理解除后，DNA的损伤可明显恢复。说明DNA的损伤可在一定程度上指示海洋微藻受久
效磷伤害的的程度。
关键词：紫外线辐射； 三角褐指藻； 久效磷； DNA损伤
中图法分类号：Q176    文献标识码：A    文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－993－04

The Damage Effect of UVB Radiation and Monocrotophos on DNA of Phaeodactylum tricornutum
CAI Hengjiang, TANG Xuexi, ZHANG Peiyu, YU Juan
(Ecology Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract:The interactive damage process of UVB radiation and monocrotophos to DNA of Phaeodactylum tricornutum was studied using ecotoxicological and biochemical methods. The results showed that monocrotophos could inhibit the growth and damage DNA of Phaeodactylutum tricornutu, its 48h·EC50 being 8.04mg/L. The DNA damage of algal cells increased with increased concentration (from 0 to 5mg/L) and prolonged exposure time (from 0 to 5d) of monocrotophos. The UVB radiation could enhance DNA damage caused by monocrot
ophos when Phaeodactylum tricortunum was treated with monocrotophos and 1.4J /m UVB radiation synchronously. The repair of DNA damage was not remakable after the algae were transferred to amonocrotophosfree fresh medium for 3 days, while DNA damage was obviously decreased after UVB radiation was removed. All this exhibited that the DNA damage could indicate the damage degree of marine microalgae resulted from monocrotophos exposure.
Key words:UV－B radiation; Phaeodactylum tricornutum; monocrotophos; DNA damage
　

胶州湾女姑山水域夏季赤潮高发期浮游植物群落结构特征
张利永， 刘东艳， 孙军， 邹景忠
(1. 中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室， 山东 青岛 266071； 2. 中国海洋大学海洋生命学院， 山东 青岛 266003)
摘要：根据1998年5～8月夏季赤潮高发期间，胶州湾女姑山水域浮游植物群落结构的种群组成特征和演替变化对赤潮的发生和种群变动特点进行初步研究。结果表明，夏季女姑山水域的浮游植物主要由硅、甲藻组成，硅藻在细胞和物种丰度上都
占优势。浮游植物优势种在调查期间出现明显的演替现象，水温的升高和营养条件的变化是引起物种演替的主要原因。浮游植物细胞丰度在夏季呈明显的增长趋势，从5月份6.3×10 个cell/m增至8月份的6.7×10个cell/m; 其中，由于赤潮的爆发，细胞丰度的最高峰出现在7月份，为1.5×10个/m。在赤潮爆发期间，赤潮原因种高齿状藻和中肋骨条藻发生了明显的演替现象，不同细胞大小的优势种和营养条件的变化是发生物种演替的主要原因。叶绿素a的浓度和细胞丰度的变化共同反映了赤潮发生的全部过程。
关键词：赤潮； 浮游植物； 优势种； 演替； 细胞丰度； 胶州湾
中图法分类号：Q948. 1     文献标识码：A    文章编号:1672－5174(2004)06－997－06
Feature of Phytoplankton Community in the Nügushan Area of Jiaozhou Bay During the RedTideFrequentlyOccurring Summer Time
ZHANG Liyong, LIU Dongyan, SUN Jun, ZOU Jingzhong
( 1. The Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology & Environmental Science, Institute of Oceanology, The Chinese Academy of Science, Qingdao 266071, China； 2. College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract：Based on the investigation data of phytoplankton in the Nügushancoastal waters of the Jiaozhou Bay from May to September in 1998, we studied the ecological characteristics of phytoplankton community and species succession. The results show that diatoms and dinoflagellates are dominant taxa in this area. An obviously succession appeares during the surveying, and the increase of temperature and nutrient is the main reason leading to the succession of phytoplankton species. The cell abundance of phytoplankton shows an increa
se during summer from 6.3×10 ind·cell/m in May to 6.7×10 ind. cell/m in August. The peak of cell abundance appeares in July due to the occurrence of the red tide, with a quick species sequence shift between Skeletonem a costatum and Odontella regia. Cell size and nutrient ratios are the main reasons leading to the shift of red tide species. The variation of Chl a concentration and cell abundance can reflect the occurrence of red tides.
Key words：red tide； phytoplankton； dominant species ； succession; cell abundance； the Jiaozhou Bay

苗期中国对虾幼体异养细菌区系及其变化与病害发生的关系
李筠, 吕艳, 李军, 祁自忠, 张晓华, 王祥红, 徐怀恕
(中国海洋大学海洋生命学院达尔文实验室， 山东 青岛 266003)
摘要：研究了2个育苗场不同发育期的中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)幼体的异养菌和弧菌种群变化的动态过程。以典型特征法、BIOLOG GN法和数值分类法对菌株进行鉴定。结果表明，对虾幼体样品中所分离的细菌，大多是革兰氏阴性杆菌
，鉴定为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)和弧菌属(Vibrio )。弧菌属主要为溶藻弧菌(Vibrio alginolyticus)和哈维氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)。在对虾幼体发育早期，假单胞菌(Pseudomonas)和气单胞菌(Aeromonas)占优势，随着对虾幼体的发育，弧菌(Vibrio)渐成为优势，其中溶藻弧菌(Vibrio algino
lyticus)和哈维氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)优势明显。二者的消长与苗期病害的发生相关，溶藻弧菌总是在虾幼体健康时出现或成为优势，而哈维氏弧菌成为优势时，苗期病害容易发生。

关键词：中国对虾； 幼体； 细菌区系； 异养菌； 弧菌
中图法分类号：S945.1+2; S945.1    文献标识码：A   文章编号:1672－5174(2004)06－1003－05
Study of Heterotrophic Bacterial Flora, Dominant Vibrios Composition of Larvae and Postlarvae of Penaeus chinensis and Its Relationship with Disease
LI Yun, LV Yan, LI Jun, QI Zizhong, ZHANG Xiaohua, WANG Xianghong, XU Huaishu
(Darwin Unit, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract：The numbers of heterotrophic bacteria (the mean bacterial count on ZoBell's 2216E agar) and vibrios (on TCBS plate) from larvae and postlarvae of Penaeus chinensis were found to vary between different growth stages. Only a few bacteria were found in nauplii. The total viable bacterial count of each larva increased gradually from stage nauplii to postlarvae except fluctuating number of Zoea 3 or Mysis 1. Almost the same level of bacterial populations was obtained from the same stage larvae examined in different tanks in Dahua hatchery. Bacteria isolated from the samples were predominantly Gramnegative. The genericcomposition, especially the composition of vibrios species were found to vary from stage to stage. Pseudomonas and Aeromonas were the most frequently isolated genera from larvae at the initial stages, followed by Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio harveyi at the following stages subsequently. The high prevalence of vibrios, especially V. alginolyticus and V. harveyi, were isolated frequently from healthy larvae and postlarvae of P. chine
nsis. It suggested that V. harveyi emerging ahead of time due to the worse quality of rearing water was the one factor leading to epizootic occurrence.
Key words：Penaeus chinensis；larvae；bacterial flora；haterotrophic bacteria； Vibrio

壳寡糖对番茄叶挥发性抗真菌物质及植保素日齐素的诱导效应
何培青, 蒋万枫, 张金灿, 陈靠山， 李光友
(1. 中国海洋大学海洋生命学院， 山东 青岛 266003； 2. 国家海洋局海洋生物活性物
质重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266061； 3. 青岛市菜篮子商品质量监督检测中心, 山东 青岛
266060； 4. 山东大学生命科学学院, 山东 济南 250100)
摘要：研究了0.3%壳寡糖诱导番茄 (Lycopersicon escule ntum)叶120h后，其挥发性物质对番茄枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxysporum)孢子萌发和菌丝生长的影响；采用气相色谱质谱联用技术，检测诱导后番茄叶挥发性物质及植保素日齐素质和量的变化。结果表明：经壳寡糖诱导后，番茄叶挥发性物质对病菌的抑制率较对照组的提高。番茄叶挥发性抗真菌物质总含量为对照组的1.49 倍；氧合脂类、萜类及芳香类化合物的含量分别提高了61%，10%和69%。其中(E)2乙烯醛含量增加了64
%，水杨酸甲酯含量增加了38%，壳寡糖不能诱导番茄植保素日齐素的合成。
关键词：壳寡糖； 诱导； 番茄叶； 挥发性抗真菌物质； 日齐素； 气相色谱质谱联用
中图法分类号：S432    文献标识码： A    文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－1008－05

Induction of Antipathogenic Volatiles and Phytoalexin Rishitin in Leaves of Lycopersicon esculentum by Oligochitosan
HE Peiqing, JIANG Wanfeng, ZHANG Jincan, CHEN Kaoshan, LI Guang you
(1. College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003 , China; 2. The Key Lab of Marine Biological Active Substanles, SOA, Qingdao 266061 China; 3. Qingdao Quality Supervision and Center for Shopping Basket Commodity, Qingdao 266003, China; 4. School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan
250100, China)
Abstract:In the defensive responses of plants towards external pathogens, volatiles may play a potential role in plant chemical defence strategies. In our work, the leaves of Lycopersicon esculentum were treated with 0.3% oligochitosan elicitor for 120h. The antipathogenic efficacy of volatiles after oligochitosan treatment was studied by using the method of inverted culture of conidial suspensions. The volatiles and phytolaexin rishitin in the leaves were analyzed by GC/MS. The results demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of volatiles against Fusarium oxysporum was enhanced in oligochitosantreated leaves. Oligochitosan treatment also increased the amount of total antipathogenic volatiles, which was 1.49 times as compared with that of the control. Phytoxylipins, terpenoids and phenols were increased by 61%, 10% and 69%, respectively. And there were 1.64fold and 1.38fold increases in (E)2Hexenal and Methyl Salicylate, respectively. In this system, rishitin was not detectable in oligochitosantreated leaves.
Key words:oligochitosan； induction； Lycopersicon esculentum leaves；Fusariumoxysporum antipathogenic volatiles； rishitin; GC/MS

内蒙孪井灌区地下水数值模拟及土壤盐渍化分析
刘贯群, 王淑英, 郑西来, 王秉忱, 邱汉学, 朱新军
(1. 中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院， 山东 青岛 266003； 2. 建设部综合勘察研究设计院， 北京 100007)
摘要：系统分析了内蒙孪井灌区的水文地质条件和包气带水文地质特征，概化出该区水文地质概念模型。在典型地段对不同作物进行了大量的野外灌溉入渗试验，确定了灌溉渗漏量；通过抽水试验，确定了该区的水文地质参数；利用长观资料，建立了该区地下水的数值模拟模型并利用该模型预报了现状、规划和下游排水3种条件下地下水的变化趋势。研究表明：该区随灌溉面积的扩大，地下水位上升迅速，灌区下游水位将超过临界埋深，从而引起土壤次生盐渍化。
关键词：地下水； 土壤盐渍化； 数值模拟； 灌区
中图法分类号：P641.2;S156.4文献标识码：A文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－1013－05

Numerical Modeling of Groundwater Flow and Analysis of Soil Salinization in the Luanjing Irrigation Area, Inner Mongolia
LIU Guanqun, WANG Shuying, ZHENG Xilai, WANG Bingchen , QIU Hanxue, ZHU Xinjun
(1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China； 2. Institute of Geotechnacal Survey, Beijing 100007, China)
Abstract:This paper systematically analyzed the hydrogeological conditions and characteristics of unsaturated zone in Luanjing irrigation area, Inner Mongolia and generalized the hydrogeological model of this area. A numb
er of tests on irrigating infiltrations were done for different crops at some typical spots to calculate the leakage of irrigation. Through pumping tests, the hydrogeological parameters were confirmed. The numerical simulation model, which was established on the longtime observation data, is applied to predict the trend of groundwater changes in this area at present, planning conditions and drainage in the downstream area. The studies show the groundwater level is rising quickly and may surpass the critical depth along downstream area with the extension of the irrigating field, which can bring on the soil salinization.
Key words:groundwater flow； soil salinization； numerical model； irrigation area

中国对虾体内一种结缔组织颗粒细胞的电镜观察和组化研究
刘晓云, 包振民
(中国海洋大学 1. 环境科学与工程学院； 2. 生命科学与技术学部，山东 青岛 266003)
摘要：运用半薄切片、超薄切片和组织细胞化学技术，在光镜和电镜下，观察研究中国对虾中肠结缔组织中的1种颗粒细胞，该细胞28～32μm 大小，细胞核小，胞质颗粒呈多样性。亚甲基兰染色显示，细胞内颗粒具异染性，提示这些颗粒中含有肝素类成分；磷钨酸乙醇法染色显示，该细胞内有嗜铬颗粒并具有肥大细胞颗粒的染色性质；焦锑酸甲法显示，细胞中富含Ca2+；酚氧化酶孵育反应显示，酶活性出现在受病毒感染对虾肠壁结缔组织中的这种颗粒细胞中。研究表明：1.存在于中肠背侧结缔组织中的颗粒细胞，在分布位置、细胞形态和相关染色反应结果等方面不同于已往报道的血细胞，这是1种具有某些肥大细胞特征的结缔组织颗粒细胞；2.结缔组织颗粒细胞具有储存Ca2+的功能；3.病毒感染，可使结缔组织颗粒
细胞中的酚氧化酶原转化成有活性的酚氧化酶，提示这种细胞参与对虾的免疫防御反应。
关键词：中国对虾； 中肠； 结缔组织；结缔组织颗粒细胞； 免疫反应
中图法分类号：Q24;Q959.223+.63文献标识码：A文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－1018－05
Electron Microscopy Observe and Histochemistry Study of a Connective Tissuetype Granular Cell in Penaeus chinensis
LIU Xiaoyun， BAO Zhenmin
(Ocean University of China， 1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering; 2. College of Life Science and Technology， Qingdao 266003， China)
Abstract：Using semithin section， ultrathin section and cytochemistry technologies，and histochemistry， a kind of mastcelllike granulosa cells in the midgut in Penaeus chinensis was observed under optical microsco
pe and electron microscope. These cells are about 2832μm in diameter and with relatively small nuclei and diversity of cytoplasmic particles. Methylene blue staining revealed that the particles are of metachromasia indicating that heparin components in these particles. Phosphotungstatealcohol staining showed that
there were chromafin particles in the cells and the cells exhibit the staining characters of the mast cells. Potassium pyroantimonate staining suggests the cells contain plenty of calcium ions; and fhenoloxidase activites are detected in the granulosa cells in the intestinal connective tissue in the Penaeus chinens is infected by virus. These results suggest： (1) the location， distribution， morphology and the staining reaction of the granulosa cells in the intestinal connective tissue myzly ted that these cells differ from reported haemocyte， This is a connective tissuetype granular cell with some characters of the mast cells; (2) the connective tissuetype granular cell in the intestinal connective tissue have calcium ionstorage capacity. (3) Virus infection can trigger the conversion of the preformed hydroxybenzene oxidase in the mast cells into hydroxyben zene oxidase， suggested that the cells are involved in the immuneresponse reaction in Penaeus chinensis.
Key words：Penaeus chinensis; midgut; connective t issue; connective tissuetype granular cell; immuneresponse reaction


基于MapInfo的大沽河地下水库脆弱性评价
郑西来， 李涛， 贾丽华
(中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院， 山东 青岛 266003)
摘要：在大沽河地区自然地理和水文地质调查的基础上，充分利用MapInfo建立缓冲区功能来划分评价区域，并以MapInfo强大的地图查询运算能力和目前常用的DRASTIC方法进行了全面的脆弱性评价。研究结果表明：大沽河地下水库大部分地区
约60.8%属于脆弱性中等区域，25.0%是属于脆弱性较强区域，另外还有10.1%属于脆弱性较弱区域。总的来讲，大沽河水库库区是相对脆弱的,今后应尽量避免兴建污染性强的项目，减少化肥和农药的大量使用，防止地下水污染的发生和发展。
关键词：大沽河； 地下水库； 脆弱性评价； DRASTIC模型
中图法分类号：X141文献标识码：A文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－1023－06

Vulnerability Assessment of the Dagu River Groundwater Reservoir Based on MapInfo
ZHENG Xilai, LI Tao, JIA Lihua
(Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266003， China)
Abstract:Based on the investigation of geographic and hydrogeologic conditions in the Dagu River area, the studied area is divided into many small zones by using the buffer function of MapInfo. A comprehensive vulnerability assessment is carried out with the popular DRASTIC model and the powerful map inquiry and calculation capacity of MapInfo. The study indicates that 60. 8% of the total belongs to moderate vulnerable area, 25.0% highly vulnerable area, and 10.1% weekly vulnerable area. Therefore, all of the Dagu River gr
oundwater reservoir is comparatively vulnerable to groundwater contamination. High pollution projects should be avoided in the future, and fertilizer and pesticide should be used reasonably so as to prevent groundwater contamination.
Key words:Dagu River; groundwater reservoir； vulnerability assessment； DRA STIC model

天青A比色法测定海藻中3(6脱氧6磺酸基αD吡喃型葡萄糖苷基)sn酰基甘油脂的含量
李宪璀， 由明英， 牛荣丽， 韩丽君， 范晓
(1. 中国科学院海洋研究所， 山东 青岛 266071； 2. 青岛华仁药业股份有限公司， 山东 青岛 266071)
摘要：提出快速、准确地测定海藻中3(6脱氧6 磺酸基αD吡喃型葡萄糖苷基)sn酰基甘油脂(sulfoquinovosyl acylglycerol, SQAG)含量的方法。该方法是根据天青A能与SQAG形成1种可溶于氯仿的天蓝色复合物，在一定范围内，SQAG的量和反应液的颜色强度呈比例关系，线性范围为0.004 42～0.114 88μmol，检测限为0.004 42μmol，该测定方法操作简单、重现性好。经过实验和统计学分析表明， 海藻中的色素等成分对本方法测定SQAG结果影响较小，因此从海藻中提取样品后，可以
直接采用天青A比色法测定SQAG含量。
关键词：3(6脱氧6磺酸基αD吡喃型葡萄糖苷基)sn酰基甘油脂； 定量分析； 天青A； 大型海藻
中图法分类号：Q599文献标识码：A文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－1029－04

A Spectrophotometric Method for Quantitative Determination of 3(6DEOXY 6 SULFOαDGLUCOPYRANOSYL)snAcylglycerol from Macroalgae
LI Xiancui, YOU Mingying ,NIU Rongli, HAN Lijun, FAN Xiao
(1. Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071， China； 2. Qingdao HuaRen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266071, China)
Abstract:A rapid, sensitive spectrophotometeric method for the quantitative determination of 3(6deoxy 6sulfoαDglucopyranosyl) snacylglycerol (SQAG) is described. The assay method is based upon the forma
tion of a colored complex between cationic dye azure A and anionic SQAG; the complex is extractable by chloroform; the absorbance value of the colored complex is proportional to the amount of SQAG used in the assay in the range of 0.004 42～0.114 88μmol. The method is simple and of good reproducibility, and it is much more sensitive (the lower limit being about 0.004 42μmol) than most methods currently used and has a high degree of precision. The experimental result and statistic analysis proved that the pigments and other compositions can not affect the result of determination. Thus, the method can be applied to samples obtained directly from algae.
Key words:3(6deoxy6sulfoαDglucopyranosyl)snacylglycerol; quantitative analysis; azure A; macroalgae

草酰胺合铜(Ⅱ)单核配合物的热分解动力学研究
张杰， 朱春原
(中国海洋大学 1. 化学化工学院； 2. 海洋药物与食品研究所， 山东 青岛 266003)
摘要：应用TGDTGDTA 热分析技术研究了N，N’双(2氨丙基)草酰胺合铜(Ⅱ) 单核配合物在空气气氛中的热行为； 分别用微分法(Achar法) 和积分法(CoatsRedfen法)对其非等温TG数据进行了解析。 通过对热分解动力学参数的对比分析， 提出了该配合物热分解反应机理；根据TG曲线计算出了E，lnA和S*，并由动力学补偿效应获得了
E与lnA的数学表达式.
关键词：草酰胺； Cu(Ⅱ)配合物； 热分解；非等温动力学；Achar法；CoatsRedfen法
中图法分类号：O657.99文献标识码：A   文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－1033－03

Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Oxamidocopper(Ⅱ) Mononuclear Complex
ZHANG Jie， ZHU ChunYuan
(Ocean University of China, 1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering;2. Marine Drug and Food Institute, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract：A kinetic study of the thermal decomposition of the copper(Ⅱ) complex with N, N'bis(2aminopropyl)oxamide was carried outusing TG and DTA techniques under dynamic air atmosphere. The nonisothermal kinetics data were analyzed by means of the Achar method and the CoatsRedfen method. The most probable kinetic model function was suggested by comparison of the kinetic parameters. The activation energies, the entropies, and the preexponential factor of the thermal decomposition reactions were calculated with the the rmogravimetric curves. The mathematical expressions of E and lnA were derived from the kinetic compensation effects.
Key words：oxamide; copper(Ⅱ) complex; thermal decomposition; nonisothermal kinetics; Achar method; CoatsRedfen method

利用小波包分析和混沌特征提取进行船舶辐射噪声分类
赵犁丰， 宋洁， 姚玉玲， 杨军波
(中国海洋大学电子工程系， 山东 青岛 266071)
摘要：基于船舶辐射噪声信号具有非线性、非平稳的特征，提出采用提取船舶辐射噪声信号的非线性混沌特征量和多尺度小波能量特征，并将两者综合作为特征参数输入神经网络分类器进行船舶分类识别。实验结果表明，该方法能较好地区分不同类型的船舶。
关键词：船舶辐射噪声； 混沌特征； 小波包分析； 信号分类
中图法分类号：TB533+2;TN911.7 文献标识码：A  文章编号：1672－5174 －(2004)06－1036－05

Classification of Ship Radiated Noise Based on Wavelet and Chaos Features
ZHAO Lifeng， SONG Jie， YAO Yuling， YANG Junbo
(Department of Electronics Engineering , Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, China)
Abstract:In this paper, a method is presented to extract the nonlinear features and multiscale wavelet packet energy spectra of ship radiated noise which is nonlinear and nonstationary. The nonlinear features and energy spectra are integrated as the inputs to the neutral network to class the different ship radiated noise signals. The results of the experiments show that the method can class different ships effectively.
Key words:ship radiated noise； chaos features； wavelet analysis； signal classification Second Order Linear Implicit Finite Difference Scheme for FerroMagnetic Chain Equations
XIE Shusen, ZHANG Jin, XUE Heng
(Department of Math, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, China)
Abstract:In this paper, a second order linear implicit finite difference scheme is devised for ferromagnetic chain equations. The optimal order convergence and the stability of discrete L norm are proved and some numerical results are presented.
Key words:ferro－magnetic chain equations; convergence; stability
AMS Subject Classifications：65M06, 65M12

LabVIEW设计中压力传感器的RBF神经网络温度补偿
毕海军， 傅圣雪， 冯遵成
(中国海洋大学电子工程系， 山东 青岛 266071)
摘要：在石油平台注水压力监测系统设计中，采用LabVIEW虚拟仪器平台，嵌入逼近能力强和收敛速度快的RBF神经网络，以人工环境实验数据为样本进行训练，实现了压力传感器的智能网络温度补偿。结果显示，此方法能够在压力、温度变化较大的恶劣环境下，获得很高的补偿精度。
关键词：LabVIEW； 虚拟仪器； RBF网络； 温度补偿
中图法分类号：TP27文献标识码：A文章编号：1672 －5174(2004)06－1041－04

RBF Neural Network Temperature Compensation for a Pressure Transducer Based on LabVIEW
BI Haijun， FU Shengxue， FENG Zuncheng
(Department of Electrical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, China)
Abstract:Based on the research of design platform of virtual instrument(LabVIEW) and connected with neural network technology, in this paper, the intelligent temperature compensation for a pressure transducer is achieved. It is canbe applied to the design the injection supervisory and control system of the seawater on the oil platform. In the method of temperature compensation a RBF neural network is used. It is more accurate and converges quicker and the sample data can be acquired from an experiment with a artificial environment. The
application of the result shows that this design can attain effective intelligent temperature compensation for a pressure transducer at atrocious environment of different pressure and temperature, and obtain excellent compensation precision.
Key words: LabVIEW; virtual instrument; RBF network; temperature compensation

臭氧对物体表面IBV冠状病毒的杀灭效果的研究
冯遵成, 赵可胜, 张希东, 徐万群, 洪波
(1. 中国海洋大学， 山东 青岛 266003； 2. 青岛市疾病控制中心，山东 青岛 266033； 3. 青岛大学医学院附属医院， 山东 青岛 266003)
摘要：本文利用强氧化剂臭氧O3对物体表面的冠状病毒进行杀灭试验。不同物体表面经不同臭氧浓度、湿度、温度处理灭活的冠状病毒于10日龄鸡胚培养一代，进行对流免疫电泳试验检测。结果表明，臭氧浓度在高于60.3mg/m，作用时间超过15min时就可将表面皿表面的病毒完全杀灭。温度对臭氧的杀毒效果也有影响，即温度越高杀毒效果越明显，而湿度对臭氧消毒效果则没有影响。同时，表面的材料不同对臭氧的消毒效果也存在一定影响，对金属材料和玻璃器皿的消毒效果较好；对纸片和布片的
杀毒效果较差。
关键词：臭氧； 冠状病毒； 杀灭实验
中图法分类号：R183.3   文献标识码：A   文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－1045－04

Study on the Sterilization Efficiency of Ozone Acting on the IB Virus on Object Surfaces
FENG Zuncheng， ZHAO Kesheng， ZHANG Xidong， XU Wanqun，HONG Bo
(1. Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China； 2. Qingdao Disease Control Center, Qingdao 266003, China； 3. Medical College Hospital of Qingdao University， Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract:In the experiments, ozone, as a kind of oxidizing agent, is used to kill IB virus, a representative type of coronary viruses. After receiving different treatments,the coronary virus was cultivated in embryonic
chickens of 10 days old, and tested by means of CIE. The results show that ozone density is an important factor, which affects the oxidizing capacity of ozone. When the density of ozone was larger than 60.3mg/m, the treating time more than 15min, the virus was put into inactivation completely. The temperature and surface type both affect the efficiency of sterilization. The higher the temperature and the slicker the surface are, the higher the efficiency is.
Key words:ozone; coronary virus; sterilize experiment

风冷热电空调器稳态工况数值模拟及实验研究
董艳华， 薛长湖， 卢杰， 刘勇， 张华俊
(1. 山东省对外经济贸易食品总厂， 山东 青岛 266034； 2. 中国海洋大学水产学院，山东 青岛 266071； 3. 西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院， 陕西 西安 710049)
摘要：根据风冷热电空调器样机运行特点，用分布参数法建立稳态工况数学模型，并对热电材料的优值系数和热电空调器热端的传热系数影响空调器的性能进行了分析。经实验验证，该模型可靠，可用于设计计算。
关键词：热电制冷； 空气调节系统； 稳态工况； 数值模拟
中图法分类号：TM925.12； TB657.2   文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－1049－04

SteadyState Numerical Simulation and Experimental Investigation of AirCooled Type Thermoelectric AirConditioners
DONG Yanhua， XUE Changhu， LU Jie， LIU Yong， ZHANG Huajun
(1. The General Food Factory of Shandong Foreign Economic & Trade, Qingdao 266034, China； 2. College of Fishery, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; 3. College of Energy & Power Engineering, Xi'An Jiao Tong University, Xi'an 710049, China)
Abstract：A steadystate numerical model of an aircooled type thermoelectric airconditioner is established by using the distributive parameters method based on its operating characteristic. Performance calculations are conducted and the results are compared with experimental data, which shows reasonable agree
ment and verifies the reliability of the model and the calculation procedure. The effects of the figure of merit of the thermoelectric material, and the heattransfer coefficient of the cool/heat end on the performance of the airconditioner are analyzed by using the simulating program. The model can be used in the design and calculation of aircooled type thermoelectric airconditioners.
Key words:thermoelectric refrigeration; airconditioning system; steadystate; numerical simulation

现代黄河三角洲粉土触变性研究及其应用
冯秀丽， 周松望， 林霖， 刘涛， 吴世强
(中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院， 山东 青岛 266003)
摘要：通过对现代黄河三角洲砂质粉土和粉质粘土触变性的对比试验研究，阐述了黄河口粉土的触变性。试验结果对解释粉土的失稳机制、解决工程地基的稳定性和防止地质灾害等具有重要的现实意义。
关键词：黄河三角洲； 饱和粉土； 触变性
中图法分类号：P642文献标识码：A文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－1053－04

The Thixotropy of Silt in Huanghe Delta
FENG Xiuli， ZHOU Songwang， LIN Lin， LIU Tao， WU Shiqiang
(College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract:The thixotropy of silt in the Huanghe Delta is revealed by comparison of thixotropy of the saturated sandy silt and the the saturated silty clay, which furnishes the reasons for the silty instability .The thixotropy of silt is significant for solving the stability of foundations and preventing geological d
isasters.
Key words:Huanghe Delta; saturated silt; thixotropy

东海扬子浅滩砂质底形研究
叶银灿， 庄振业， 来向华， 刘奎， 陈小玲
(1. 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所, 浙江 杭州 310012; 2. 中国海洋大学, 山东 青岛 266003)
摘要：根据1980至2000年间数次专项调查获得的高分辨率地球物理、沉积学等资料，并结合水动力环境的分析，探讨了东海扬子浅滩砂质底形的成因、形态特征、活动性以及发育的地层年代。研究表明，扬子浅滩砂质海底广泛发育沙波地貌，按其发育规模可以分为沙波和大型波痕2类，大型波痕按其形态又可分为直线形、弯曲形和格子形3种。平坦宽阔的地形、丰富的中细砂物源以及较强的潮流和风暴浪流是沙波地貌发育的有利环境条件。柱状岩芯分析和年代测定表明，发育沙波地貌的物质的沉积始于
冰消期晚期，即10～11KaB.P，全新世中、晚期该区继续接受砂质沉积。扬子浅滩发育的沙波地貌与现今的动力环境相适应，仍处于发育和运移状态。
关键词：砂质底形； 沙波； 大型波痕； 扬子浅滩； 全新世
中图法分类号：P736.12   文献标识码：A   文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－1057－06

A Study of Sandy Bedforms on the Yangtze Shoal in the East China Sea
YE Yincan, ZHUANG Zhenye, LAI Xianghua, LIU Kui, CHEN Xiao ling
(1. Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 3 10012, China; 2. Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract:Combining high resolution geophysical and sedimentological data obtained from several special investigations during 1980～2000 with analyses of hydrodynamic environments, this paper studied the cause of formation , pattern, movement and age of stratum of the sandy bedforms on the Yangtze Shoal in the East China Sea. There are two types, megaripples and sand waves, which are widely developed in the Yangtze shoal. The megaripples can be divided into three types, iestraightcrested, branchcrested and chequercrested megaripples. Flat and wide topography, affluent medium to fine sand and strong tide currents and currents induced by storm waves are the advantageous environmental conditions for the development of megaripples and sand waves. Analyses of coring samples and C14 dating suggest that the sand layers which could have developed
into megaripples and sand waves were deposited after the transgression during 10 11kaB.P. Sandy materials were deposited continually during the middle and late Holocene. It is also suggested that the sandy bedforms are corresponding to the hydrodynamic environments in the area, and are in a developing and movable situation.
Key words:sandy bedform; sand wave; megaripples; Yangtze shoal; Holocene

南海东部晚更新世以来的火山沉积特征
时振波， 林晓彤， 杨群慧， 张富元， 林振宏
(1. 中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院， 山东 青岛 266003； 2. 中国海洋大学计算中心， 山东 青岛 266003； 3. 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所， 广东 广州 510640； 4. 国家海洋局海底科学重点实验室， 浙江 杭州 310012)
摘要：对取自南海东部的5个沉积岩芯进行矿物学和地球化学研究。结果表明火山碎屑沉积层可分为2种类型：1种具高SiO2，低FeO，TiO2，MgO和无色玻璃普通角闪石组合特征，火山玻璃富含微量元素Cu，Sc，Zr，为酸性火山沉积成因；另
1种以火山玻璃相对低含SiO2，高MgO，FeO，TiO2为特征,并与褐色玻璃普通辉石磁铁矿组合和高V，Ni的沉积层伴生，属中性火山碎屑沉积。晚更新世以来以深海盆为中心曾发生2～5次火山沉积，其性质、强度、频率和分布随区域性的变化而不同，在晚更新世中期(24.1～73.9ka)达到鼎盛。南部海盆属中性火山沉积，北部海盆为中酸性酸性火山沉积。
北部陆坡区和南沙礁台区基本上未受到影响。火山碎屑沉积物主要来自海底喷发，部分源自菲律宾岛弧。
关键词：南海东部； 火山沉积； 火山玻璃； 重矿物
中图法分类号：P736.2； P317.3  文献标识码：A   文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－1063－06

Volcanic Sediments in the Eastern South China Sea During the Late Pleistocene Epoch
SHI Zhenbo， LIN Xiaotong， YANG Qunhui， ZHANG Fu yuan， LIN Zhenhong
(1. College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003,China； 2. Computation Center, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China ； 3. Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China； 4. The Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences, SOA, Hangzhou 310012, China)
Abstract：The mineralogy and geochemistry of five sedimentary cores collected from the eastern South China Sea were studied. The results reveal that the volcaniclastic layers can be divided into two types. One type is characterized by high SiO2, low FeO,TiO2，MgO，and colourless volcanic glasshornblende assemblage in the sedimentary layer, with high Cu,Sc and Zr in volcanic glass. The other type, with relatively low SiO2，high MgO,FeO and TiO2 and associated with brown volcanic glassaugitemagnetite assemblage and high V and Ni in the sedimentary layer, belongs to a middle volcaniclastic layer. The nature,strength,frenquency and distribution of volcanic sedimentary events varied with region during the late Pleistocene epoch, and two to five volcanic units occurred mainly in the deep basin. It was an active period in the middle of the late Pleistocene epoch (24.1～73.9ka). The southern basin belongs to middle volcanic sediment, but the northern basin is of middle, acidic to acidic volcanic sediment.However the northern slope areas and Nansha reefbed areas are not basically effected. The volcaniclastic sediments mainly originated from volcanic eruption under the ocean floor, and they were thought to have been derived partly from the Philippine island arc.
Key words：Eastern South China Sea; volcanic sediment; volcanic glass; heavy mineral

黄海海域陆相中生界地震反射特征及靶区优选
李刚， 张燕， 陈建文， 曲希玉， 厉玉乐， 齐金成
(1. 青岛海洋地质研究所， 山东 青岛 266071； 2. 华北石油地质局四物， 河南 新乡453700； 3. 中国海洋大学， 山东 青岛 266003； 4. 吉林大学， 吉林 长春 130026; 5.中国地质大学， 北京 100083)
摘要：利用前人对黄海海域油气勘探成果，作者对北黄海盆地，南黄海盆地北部坳陷陆相中生界进行了研究。结果认为：黄海海域陆相中生界分布广、厚度大、具有良好的生、储、盖组合，是该区下步油气战略性调查的首选目标。并提出北黄海陆相中生界油气勘探应以东部凹陷为主，同时兼顾中部凹陷。南黄海北部坳陷近期油气勘探重点应选择北部凹陷和加大东北凹陷的研究力度。南黄海南部坳陷陆相中生界油气勘探重点放在南五和南七凹陷。
关键词：黄海海域； 中生界； 油气远景
中图法分类号：P548  文献标识码：A   文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－1069－06

Seismic Reflection Characteristics and Selection of Hydrocarbon Prospective Areas in the Terrestrial Mesozoic Strata of the Yellow Sea
LI Gang， ZHANG Yan， CHEN Jianwen， QU Xiyu， LI Yule ， QI Jincheng
(1. Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology， Qingdao 266071, China; 2. Institute of the Fourth Geophysical Brigade, Petroleum Geological Bureau of North China, Xinxiang 453700, China; 3. Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; 4. Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China; 5. China Geology University, BeiJing 1
00083, China)
Abstract：Much attention is being paid to the Yellow Sea areas, which have 40 years of exploration history but no oil or gas has been discovered so far. According to the existing research results and latest studies, we presume that the Yellow Sea areas could be the first target of strategic oil survey, as the terrestrial Mesozoic strata there have a wide distribution, great thickness and good relationships between source, reservoir and seal rocks. We propose that the eastern sag of the northern Yellow Sea should be the first consideration, and the mi
ddle sag also needs to be considered at the same time. For the Northern Depression of the Southern Yellow Sea, the northern sag should be considered first should be paid, as for the Southern Depression of the southern Yellow Sea,attention to sag Nan5 and sag Nan7.
Key words：Yellow Sea areas; mesozoic strata; hydrocarbon prospective

东营城区高精度三维地震采集方法研究
胡立新， 刘怀山， 张进
(1. 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所, 北京 100029; 2. 中国海洋大学, 山东 青岛 266003)
摘要：根据东营城区内建筑物较多，环境干扰较大，地下构造复杂，断裂非常发育，目的层埋藏深，资料信噪比较低的特点，以地震老资料和钻井资料为基础，建立地震地质模型，利用射线追踪技术选取合适的观测系统参数。充分利用卫星数字地图，设计了灵活多变的观测系统，采用可控震源与炸药震源配合使用方法，及时对城区内地下面元的覆盖次数、方位角和炮检距的分布进行质量监控，利用现场处理系统对资料进行及时分析，提高了地震资料品质。所获得的东营城区高精度三维地震采集资料
显示，其浅中层分辨率和中深层信噪比都有了明显改善，取得了良好的地质效果。
关键词：城区勘探; 三维观测系统设计; 采集方法; 检波器; 震源
中图法分类号：P618.130.2   文献标识码：A   文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－1075－06

Study of HighPrecision 3D Seismic Exploration Acquisition in Dongying City A rea
HU Lixin， LIU Huaishan， ZHANG Jin
(1. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; 2. Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract:The target area is located in the central section of the Dongying center uplifted belt. The Dongying city area is about 80km with many buildings and much ambient noise. Besides, the underground structure of this area is also very complicated, and the rupture in the midshallow layer is well developed owing to the Dongying center uplifted belt. Finally,the deep stratum lies very deeply, which makes the S/N ratio very low. Considering the surface and underground geological conditions, a geological model for this are a was designed based on the past seismic data and drilling well data and suitable layout parameters were chosen by using the technology of ray tracing. At the same time, digital maps were used to help set the locations of shots and geophones , to monitor promptly the cover frequencies of underground bins, azimuth and offsets, ensuring the completeness of seismic data in the city area. During the course of data acquisition, strong ambient noise was avoided by way of controlling the burying condition of geophones and the quality of drilling wells. Moreover, utilization of an onsite processing system in data analysis also helped to improve the quality of seismic data. Owing to scientific design method and strict field construction, high precision 3D exploration was accomplished in 120km of the Dongying city area, and it is shown that the resolution of midshallow layer data and the S/N ratio in middeep layer data have been greatly improved from the single shot records and stack profile.
Key words:exploration in city area; 3D layout design; acquisition method; geophone; source

圆柱形沉浮式深海养殖网箱的受力分析
杨新华， 高晓芳， 陈雷
(中国海洋大学工程学院， 山东 青岛 266071)

摘要：应用一系列力学关系，研究了深海圆柱形沉浮式养殖网箱所承受的波浪力情况。导出深海沉浮式养殖网箱的运动方程，并给出数值计算。在网箱波浪力的研究中采用绕射理论和Morison方程，讨论了在波高、波长及周期变化下水动力的变化趋势，得出网箱所受到的水平波浪力远大于竖直波浪力，波高的变化对波浪力的影响最大的结论，为深海网箱的设计校核提供1种参考方法。
关键词：深海网箱； 波长； 波浪力
中图法分类号：S953文献标识码：A文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－1081－04

Analysis of Forces on a ColumniformLift Offshore Cage
YANG Xinhua， GAO Xiaofang， CHEN Lei
(College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071， China)
Abstract:Wave forces on a columniformlift offshore cage are derived in the paper. Using a series of equations in mechanics, the dynamic equations of the columniformlift offshore cage are presented, and the numerical solution is obtained. The method can be applied to roundoffshorecages. Diffraction theory and Morison equation are used in the analysis. With the variation of wavelength, wave height and wave period, the hydrodynamic forces change according the regulation. The horizontal wave force is much larger than the vertical
wave force, and the wave force changes remarkably with the variationg of wave height.
Key words：columniform offshore cage; wave length; wave force

利用消去刚度法进行剪切型系统物理参数识别
王树青, 李华军
(中国海洋大学工程学院， 山东 青岛 266071)
摘要：提出了1种能够比较准确地识别剪切型体系的结构参数(各层质量和层间刚度)的方法——消去刚度法。该方法从剪切型结构体系的特征值问题出发，利用剪切型结构系统质量矩阵和刚度矩阵的特殊形式，通过消去各层的刚度系数，得到了结构系统的各层质量比表达式。在结构总质量已知的情况下，仅利用系统的任意两阶模态信息就可以确定出各层质量，并进而计算出层间刚度，实现了结构物理参数的递推识别。数值模拟结果表明，该方法识别精度较高，便于工程应用，可以用于类似结构体系的物
理参数的初步估计。
关键词：物理参数识别； 系统辨识； 消去刚度法
中图法分类号：TB301  文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－1085－05

Stiffness Elimination Algorithm for Physical Parameters Identification of Shearing Structures
WANG Shuqing, LI Huajun
(College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, China)
Abstract:A new method of stiffness elimination algorithm is presented in this paper, which can be used to identify the structural physical parameters of shearing structures. Based on the eigenvalue problem and the special type of mass and stiffness matrices of shearing structure, the floor mass ratio of the structure is derived by eliminating the stiffness in the equation. Thus this method is named as Stiffness Elimination Algorithm(SEA). Assuming that the total mass of the structure is known, any two modes can be used to identify the floor mass recursively, and moreover, the stiffness of the structure can be determined. Numerical simulation of a sevenstorey structure demonstrated that this method may identify the physical parameters with relatively high precision. SEA is convenient for engineering applications, which can be used in physical parameters identification of similar structures preliminarily.
Key words:structural parameter identification; system identification; stiffness elimination algorithm

基于缩减变量卡尔曼滤波的结构损伤诊断研究
王晓燕， 黄维平
(中国海洋大学工程学院, 山东 青岛 266071)
摘要：在系统载荷未知的条件下，应用缩减变量卡尔曼滤波(REKF)法估计结构的动态物理参数，并对结构进行损伤诊断。系统仿真算例表明，REKF法有较强的抗白噪声干扰能力，识别精度较高，因此，可用于剪切型结构的损伤定位与估计。
关键词：缩减变量卡尔曼滤波； 参数识别； 损伤诊断
中图法分类号：TU312 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672－5174(2004)06－1090－05

Damage Diagnosis of Structures by Reduced Extended Kalman Filter
WANG Xiaoyan, HUANG Weiping
(College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, China)
Abstract：The structural parameters, such as stiffness and damping factor, are identified directly by Reduced Extended Kalman Filter (REKF) under unknown input in order to locate and assess damages to the structure. The nu
merical calculus example shows that the method is of robustness, error tolerance and high precision. It can be used to localize and diagnose damage to shearing structures.
Key words： reduced extended kalman filter; parameter identification; damage diagnosis

铁磁链方程的二阶线性化隐式差分格式
谢树森， 张琎， 薛恒
(中国海洋大学数学系, 山东 青岛 266071)

摘要：给出了解铁磁链方程的1个二阶线性化隐
式差分格式；证明了差分解按离散L范数的最优阶先验误差估计
及稳定性；给出数值算例。
关键词：铁磁链方程； 差分方程； 收敛性； 稳定性
中图法分类号：O175献标识码：A文章编号：1672-5174(2004)06－1095－03